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Discussion thread VI - COVID-19 (new coronavirus)

White House Blocks New Coronavirus Vaccine Guidelines


The F.D.A. proposed stricter guidelines for emergency approval of a coronavirus vaccine, but the White House chief of staff objected to provisions that would push approval past Election Day.
 
Mesdames, je suis surpris de ne rien lire, concernant l'?tat de sant? de Madame et sa descendance.

Mais bon, aux U. S. A, on ne se pr?occupe

que des mecs, non ?
 
LETTERS

Airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2

Kimberly A. Prather1, Linsey C. Marr2, Robert T. Schooley3, Melissa A. McDiarmid4, Mary E. Wilson5,6, Donald K. Milton7
See all authors and affiliations

Science 05 Oct 2020:
eabf0521
DOI: 10.1126/science.abf0521
...
Viruses in droplets (larger than 100 μm) typically fall to the ground in seconds within 2 m of the source and can be sprayed like tiny cannonballs onto nearby individuals. Because of their limited travel range, physical distancing reduces exposure to these droplets. Viruses in aerosols (smaller than 100 μm) can remain suspended in air for many seconds to hours, like smoke, and be inhaled.
...
Individuals with COVID-19, many of whom have no symptoms, release thousands of virus-laden aerosols and far fewer droplets when breathing and talking (4–6). Thus, one is far more likely to inhale aerosols than be sprayed by a droplet (7), and so the balance of attention must be shifted to protecting against airborne transmission. In addition to existing mandates of mask-wearing, social distancing, and hygiene efforts, we urge public health officials to add clear guidance about the importance of moving activities outdoors, improving indoor air using ventilation and filtration, and improving protection for high-risk workers (8).
...

https://science.sciencemag.org/conte...cience.abf0521
 
https://www.vanityfair.com/news/202...-trumps-hospital-stay-as-white-house-deflects
“This is spiraling out of control,” a former West Wing official said. Some Trump allies are entertaining conspiracy theories that the White House outbreak was caused by someone with political motives. “It’s weird that all these Republicans are getting it,” a prominent Republican told me. “I don’t know what the **** is going on. But one thing I’ve learned is: when something major happens thirty days before an election, it usually has to do with the election.” (There is no evidence for this wild claim).
Click to expand...
 
Wall Street Journal Video:

10/6/2020 11:11AM How Two Lives Got Caught in One of America’s Worst Covid Outbreaks

Nearly 100 people died during the height of the coronavirus outbreak at the Menlo Park Veterans Memorial Home in April, more than 10 times the number in a typical month. Among those who died were 84-year-old Isabella Kovacs and 86-year-old Joan Williams. Their stories provide a window into what went wrong at the New Jersey facility.


https://www.wsj.com/video/how-two-li...2567241C5.html
 
The Oxford study for a vaccin, AstraZeneca. I don't know what to make of this:

Abstract:

We observed a significantly reduced viral load in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and respiratory tract tissue of vaccinated animals challenged with SARS-CoV-2 compared with control animals, and no pneumonia was observed in vaccinated rhesus macaques.
Click to expand...

Full text:

Viral gRNA was detected in nose swabs from all animals and no difference in viral load in nose swabs was found on any days between vaccinated and control animals
Click to expand...


Could this mean: vaccin doesn't prevent disease, but could prevent severe complications like pneumonia?

Another question: if you are vaccinated, you could still infect other people?


bioRxiv - ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination prevents SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in rhesus macaques
 
Gert
The phase 3 vaccine trials end point efficacy criteria look for a reduction in pathology not sterilising immunity. Which is what they found in their animal model.
So in answer to your two questions yes and yes - probably.
The vaccine may not prevent infection but the hope is that it will turn COVID into a cold or flu like disease with manageable pathology. On the down side it is likely to leave the vaccinated free to shed virus but not feeling ill which may increase transmission and therefore the danger to the un-vaccinated. The common cold CoVs have been shown to act in this way in longitudinal studies with periodic re-infections not being detected by the patient as illness but causing a boost in disease specific antibody levels.
I do not know why they looked at gRNA, or its significance, as this is a non-coding mitochondrial RNA involved in mRNA repair, but I have not read the full paper yet.

I wrote a little about the vaccines, from an immunological point of view, towards the end of this post https://flutrackers.com/forum/forum.../895212-covid-19-immunity?p=895290#post895290
In general blood borne disease vaccines, like those covered in the MMR, give life long steralising immunity but for respiratory pathogens this is more likely to be shorter lived and partially ameliorating pathology but not giving full protection. IGg titers post infection generally fall fairly steeply for about 3 months but then level off and remain fairly stable with a much slower decline. The difference between diseases lies in at what point this leveling off occurs and we are not going to get any data on this until each of the trials begins to have patients at least 3 months post vaccination.
 
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ColdZyme containes glycerol, water, cod trypsin, ethanol, calcium chloride, tris and menthol.

The Journal of Medical Virology has peer reviewed, approved and published the results of Enzymatica’s in vitro study on SARS-CoV-2

On July 20 Enzymatica announced the preliminary results from the in vitro study, showing that the mouth spray ColdZyme? deactivates SARS-CoV-2, the virus causing the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of the study, which also includes the common cold virus HCoV-229E, have now been published in the Journal of Medical Virology in the article “Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 and HCoV-229E in vitro by a medical device mouth spray”.

The conclusion of the study is that the mouth spray ColdZyme can inactivate the respiratory coronaviruses SARS‐CoV‐2 and HCoV‐229E in vitro, by 98.3% and 99.9% respectively. Although the in vitro results presented cannot be directly translated into clinical efficacy, the study indicates that ColdZyme might offer a protective barrier against SARS‐CoV‐2 and a decreased risk of COVID‐19 transmission.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jmv.26554

https://www.medicircle.in/enzymatica-coldzyme-deactivate-coronavirus
 
Mask litter is an overlooked risk for spreading coronavirus, Air Force official says

By ERICA EARL | STARS AND STRIPES
Published: October 8, 2020

YOKOTA AIR BASE, Japan — They are everywhere in the coronavirus pandemic and easily spotted almost any place in Japan: face masks.

They fall from pockets or are callously discarded; they lie limp in parking lots or collect in gutters.

At Yokota, the home of U.S. Forces Japan in western Tokyo, littered and improperly discarded masks are an overlooked risk for spreading the coronavirus, said Senior Master Sgt. Charles Patterson, the superintendent for operations and engineering for the 374th Civil Engineering Squadron, on Tuesday.

“Anyone on quarantine who has either tested positive or may potentially have coronavirus creates a contact hazard for anything they have touched,” he said.

... Yokota is one of only a few U.S. installations in the region to have an incinerator on base
Not just masks, but all garbage generated by quarantined personnel is burned; none of it is recycled, Patterson said. Incinerating all that trash protects the base population from viruses present even on plastic, he said.

https://www.stripes.com/news/pacifi...-coronavirus-air-force-official-says-1.647859
 
Bill Gates says that monoclonal antibodies like Regeneron, (med that Trump credits being so helpful), are the most exciting interventions his foundation has been looking at. He also was hopeful they might be able to get the cost of treatment down to around $100, if they can use low doses. (Though that is the best case scenario.)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VVapO-ynD7k
 
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You might even be more infectious after vaccination if it is like the flu vaccine:

https://www.pnas.org/content/115/5/1081
"In adjusted models, we observed 6.3 (95% CI 1.9–21.5) times more aerosol shedding among cases with vaccination in the current and previous season compared with having no vaccination in those two seasons. "
 
The problem with Mabs and anitvirals is the lack of rapid testing. For most people if you get tested shortly after getting symptoms and it takes a few days to get back your results then the viral phase is already waning. The President may get regular fast testing but not many others do.
 
I thought we were able to get faster turn-around on testing now, but I'm not up on the testing. About 3 min in is when Gates talks about all this. He said a positive test plus and oxygen dip plus age of 60+ was a good target for starting Regeneron. The Foundation has factories set to go already. If they think this might work in less privileged places, then we should be able to pull it off in the US.
 
obviously COVID is seasonal. Why didn't we figure that out earlier.
Maybe misguided by the USA-South-wave in hot summer. I assume, tht would have been much worse in winter.
Flu and other respiratory viruses also sometimes hit in summer,
remember the 2009-NYC-wave, 1918 in summer ; but usually it's worse in winter.
In ancient times we had flu in summer more often, maybe because of reduced traveling in winter.

Now, the deathrates are currently low, but they were much higher in March, may they rise again
during winter with less vit.D, other viruses around ?
 
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