Re: Dengue in Mexico
Source:
http://www.informador.com.mx/jalisc...-virus-que-emigro-de-la-costa-a-la-ciudad.htm
Google translation:
Dengue virus that migrated from the coast to the city
Note
Special Reporter
[Dengue, the virus that migrated from the coast to the city]
The trash removal to prevent accumulation of water is a major action against the dengue mosquito. ARCHIVE
* They expect a complicated scenario for 2010
The number of infections that occurred during the year by far exceeded the estimates of the state Health Secretariat
GUADALAJARA, JALISCO .- A disease that was commonly considered tropical, this 2009 upended the entire health sector the State of Jalisco.
This is the dengue virus, which in other years had been exclusive to areas with humid climates, but went from one urban coastal problem.
The Guadalajara metropolitan area experienced an epidemic that was added to the no less human influenza.
Entire families are agglutinated in the areas of emergency in all hospitals, where special areas were opened to care for the sick, lying with fever "breaks bones, severe headaches, eye and body, waiting their turn to be reviewed.
It is not unusual presence of the virus, but the municipality of Guadalajara had not lived long such an effect.
The situation was coming. Since late 2008, international and national epidemiologists warned that the flies were adapted to all climates, and all environments, it was one of the consequences of climate change.
But beyond that provided for an increase in cases, expected the circulation of more types of the virus (it has four), they would result in an infestation of dengue hemorrhagic variant, which has more severe symptoms and can lead to death to the acquirer.
In 2009, in Jalisco circulating strain one and three, the latter with greater impact bleeding.
The goal of the Jalisco Health Secretariat (SJS) for this year was not to exceed 2008 levels of infection, which until the last day of December one thousand 441 cases were recorded throughout the State, with only four cases bleeding.
Epidemiological Week No. 28, comprising of 12 to 18 July, the goal seemed achievable: they recorded just 223 cases of dengue, including 20 of the hemorrhagic type.
However, for the month of September the number of infections increased dramatically, reaching 649 thousand, with 190 of them caused by the hemorrhagic variant of the virus.
In this year end, up to epidemiological week 49, which comprised of 6 to 12 December, Jalisco came to 4 thousand 697 cases, with 776 of these bleeding, surpassing the figure of one of the worst epidemics of dengue in the state, when they were 4 thousand 508 infections in 1988.
Operating without the expected success
Seeing the problem than expected for this year, the Jalisco Health Secretariat launched from April their combat operations against the mosquito that transmits dengue. For many, the action was belated, for the unit was to act in time.
It began with an operation in coordination with the metropolitan councils, for families to dispose of their pots, tires and other items that could store water during the next rainstorm.
While the SSJ insisted that it was a dengue outbreak and not an epidemic in the state and saw a rise in cases last year, especially in hemorrhagic infections.
Already in August, the outbreaks were targeted in various colonies of the East of Guadalajara, so, again, had to make an intensification of combat duties against the vector.
The cases kept appearing and led a trend; be seen on the official figures from the National Center of Epidemiological Surveillance and Disease Control (CENAVECE), and hospitals filled with people, from children to adults, affected by the virus.
Live Santa Maria Tequepexpan unrecognized outbreak
In late August, residents of Santa Maria Tequepexpan in Tlaquepaque, complained to the report that people were experiencing a dengue outbreak, and at least 100 people were sick, without the Jalisco Health Secretariat did nothing about it .
Supported by the pastor of the population, the priest Mart?n G?mez Rodr?guez, neighbors said it was a hundred people the infected, and which had tests: laboratory results and prescriptions Western General Hospital, the Hospital Civil de Guadalajara and private nursing homes.
The priest said that such was the neglect of the epidemic by health authorities, who decided to bring it to the public.
At that time, the SSJ recognized that the whole municipality of Tlaquepaque had only 80 confirmed cases of dengue, and denied that the problem of Santa Maria Tequepexpan out to the extent that people mentioned.
Despite denying the existence of the outbreak, the day that this media published information (31 August), two Health Caravans were installed in the village, and in the morning brigade, led by the Director of Public Health SSJ, Elizabeth Ulloa Robles, came to that town for fumigation work, fog and deliberate search for cases. It also opened the evening shift of the health center to meet demand, even if they did not accept the outbreak.
The official argued that "officially", the agency had registered only 10 cases in the colony, and not 100, as her people.
In this regard, he was asked:
- The secretariat knew there was the problem?
"We knew there were probable cases, confirming that we have these 10, we know that there is a problem and are working Tequepexpan.
- 10 to 100 cases much difference, no?
"There's not much difference, this is notification that we have, through official channels, from Civil Hospital, Western General Hospital and Health Center, and as we have been working.
- Is there 10 confirmed cases means that there is an outbreak?
"It means that there are positive cases, which are confined to one area and that has to work as we worked.
They are different figures they refer to the official figures we have, but intend to come with the pastor is to coordinate efforts, and if he tells us there is this list, go and visit the house of every citizen to give attention.
Interviewed separately, the then health minister, Alfonso Guti?rrez Carranza, emphasized that the dengue outbreak was not only in Santa Maria Tequepexpan, and if they had not counted all cases was due to late notification of these by medical institutions, clinics especially Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS) in the State.
Nearly four months of community lived outbreak, health authorities in Jalisco continues to deny that Mary Tequepexpan has experienced a dengue outbreak that, as time passed, eventually totaled more than 150 infected, many with serious repercussions.
Cobra one fatality
A girl aged 23, resident of the Colony Echeverr?a in Guadalajara, became the first fatality of the dengue virus in Jalisco this year.
Having received three misdiagnoses before his death at a private hospital, died on August 29 because of a dengue shock syndrome "unusual."
His death was analyzed at the State Epidemiological Surveillance Committee, composed of all medical institutions, the University of Guadalajara (University of Guadalajara) and the Ministry of Health Jalisco (SSJ).
The conclusion was that the attending physician did not diagnose the disease promptly and never reported the case to the state agency, which led him to receive a penalty.
She did not present the common symptoms of dengue fever, joint pain and intraocular and headache, which prevented the doctor "thought of dengue when diagnosed.
At the hospital, said it was typhoid fever, brucellosis and then after salmonellosis. After he died, the doctor realized that the laboratory test him to do previously, had tested positive for dengue.
Guti?rrez Carranza says goodbye
Neither the work stoppage in the health centers of the state in late 2008, or the death of Miguel ?ngel L?pez Rocha, and the markup of dengue figures were sufficient grounds for Alfonso Guti?rrez Carranza, secretary of health in Jalisco , was dismissed from his post.
It was not until late October when, amid a crisis situation in the health sector by the many cases of influenza and dengue fever, saying it was for "personal reasons", the officer submitted his irrevocable resignation to the Governor of the of Jalisco, Emilio Gonzalez Marquez, who defended him on countless occasions.
The controversial health secretary left the unit and never showed his face to the media.
His departure was cause for celebration for many university officials and deputies who always doubted their ability to serve as a unit he led.
Instead, he entered Alfonso Petersen Farah, who then was president of the municipality of Guadalajara, and that the previous administration had already been responsible for the health of Jalisco.
Underreporting
The head of the Center for Health UdeG, Marco Antonio Castillo Moran, once said that in Jalisco there is significant underreporting of dengue cases, namely that the official data were only part of the problem.
He claimed that for each of dengue infection, there were 13 more who were not registered by the State Health Secretariat, because not all patients were doing a lab test to confirm the virus and were diagnosed only by symptoms.
After many times not to accept a unit, specifically the owner, Alfonso Petersen Farah, said in late October in Jalisco had around 20 thousand probable cases of the disease.
In this December, the official said that this 2009 would close with a record of at least 60 thousand cases likely.
Petersen Farah took a few days ago that 2010 might be a year "very critical" in terms of dengue, if people do not take the necessary measures for that country, and although the epidemic is under control now, the problem could be reactivated in the early months of next year.
He said the year "atypical" who lived in the area of Jalisco was due to dengue in the state had many people vulnerable to infection and climate change issues as the micro climates and delayed rains and the lack of results that were expected after the strategies to prevent and combat the epidemic.
The mosquito became resistant
The insecticide used for spraying was not right
In late September, there was a criticism by the leader of the Council of Chambers of Industry in Jalisco (CCIJ), Javier Guti?rrez Trevi?o, around which the insecticide used the State Health Secretariat against the dengue mosquito was not indicated.
Given this, the agency said the "Aqua Reslin Super" was perfect for action against the mosquito that transmits dengue, by virtue of being more effective in the air, said the director of Administration, Guillermo Orellana Alonso.
Seeing that dengue was no respite in the State, tore, again with an enhanced operational actions against the virus, house by house.
After several days of work, the secretariat took the decision to change again fumigant, because in some colonies of black was showing resistance to insecticide.
The new Health Secretary Alfonso Petersen Farah, announced that it authorized an extraordinary purchase of 10 million pesos for a new insecticide called phenothrin, which would be used in tandem with "Deltamethrin" and "Aqua Reslin Super" would only for use inside the state, where no outbreaks were localized risk.
As virus transmission continued, it was decided to do a complete sweep in the Metropolitan Zone of Guadalajara.
Up to 200 cases per day
Hospitals were overtaken by the demand of patients
Just as human influenza patients, those infected by dengue virus saturated for several weeks, public health services and private, presenting the highest rate of incidence during August and September.
In clinics of the IMSS, Guadalajara Civil Hospital and General Hospital of the West, there were days when consultations were increased over 100% to have more than 200 patients with dengue fever or flu symptoms daily.
Since both diseases share symptoms such as fever over 38 degrees, headache and body, one of the problems we experienced in hospitals where doctors were confused the clinical symptoms of both viruses, and in some cases misdiagnosed .
The same situation was experienced in other states of Mexico, where doctors were busy with not much demand for services.
It was unusual, and the same medical institutions agreed that they were happening, it was a difficult test.
Citizen criticism were the order of the day, because despite his affectations, they had to spend days outside hospitals waiting to be served, sometimes without success. And if that were not enough, had to spend hours to receive an inability of the IMSS.
And student absenteeism was notable. In a talk of coffee or a desktop at home, dengue is carried much of the talk, because it was common to hear that "someone" had already had dengue.
Read
Dengue is transmitted by the bite of a mosquito infected with any of the four disease virus. Symptoms appear between three and 14 days after the bite. It is a serious disease with symptoms similar to flu and there is no specific treatment.
The hemorrhagic type is a potentially fatal, but early clinical diagnosis and careful clinical management can save many lives.
The symptoms of dengue
Symptoms vary from a mild fever to incapacitating high fever with severe headaches, muscle and joint pain and rashes.
In dengue hemorrhagic fever are the same symptoms, coupled with abdominal pain, vomiting and bleeding.
There is no specific treatment for dengue. The only way to prevent virus transmission is to combat the mosquitoes that carry the disease.
SOURCE: World Health Organization (WHO).
Dengue in Jalisco
Classical 3-type spill-thousand 921
Spillover of the hemorrhagic type 776
Total of 4 thousand 697 infections
Texts: Thamara Villasenor
CREDITS: Report Writing / RC
