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China - Original COVID-19 coronavirus news thread: weeks 1 - 4 (December 30, 2019 - January 25, 2020)

[h=1]Two women suspected of pneumonia in Wuhan refuse to quarantine[/h] 2020-01-07 01:15

[NTD Beijing, January 07, 2020] The "Unknown Pneumonia" epidemic in Wuhan has continued to spread. A few days ago, two mainland women who had been to Wuhan were shocked to seek medical treatment in Hong Kong. They refused isolation and left. To date, one of the two female patients has not been identified, causing public concern. The Hong Kong Department of Health responded that because "Wuhan Unknown Pneumonia" was not included in the list of infectious diseases under Hong Kong's "Prevention and Control of Diseases Ordinance", the Department of Health had no right to compulsory isolate patients for inspection. The incident also sparked a debate between the Chief of Food and Health of Hong Kong and members of the Legislative Council.


Since the outbreak of "unknown pneumonia" in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, the number of suspected cases has been increasing, and the number of suspected cases found in Hong Kong has also increased.

According to the Hong Kong Hospital Authority's report, as of 12:00 noon on Monday (6th), a total of 21 suspected cases of Wuhan unknown pneumonia have been found in Hong Kong. Within 24 hours, 6 Hong Kong public hospitals received fever. , Patients with respiratory infections or pneumonia, and these patients have visited Wuhan in the past 14 days.

At the same time, a Hong Kong media kicked off, and two female patients from mainland China appeared to have doctors in Hong Kong on Sunday (5th) after they suspected of unidentified pneumonia in Wuhan. After initial diagnosis, they left because they did not want to be isolated for testing. The young woman of the two female patients has been identified as a junior college student from mainland China. She is currently accompanied by the ambulance staff to the public hospital for further examination with the boarder; however, the other one from the mainland China The young woman patient has so far failed to find her whereabouts. After the news was released, it aroused public fears about the spread of the epidemic.

According to a Hong Kong Position News report, the Hong Kong Department of Health has confirmed that Ruttonjee Hospital had a 45-year-old female patient in the morning of January 5. The patient reports that she developed fever and upper respiratory infection symptoms from January 4th. She had visited Wuhan in early January before her onset, but had not visited Wuhan's wet goods market or seafood market.

The hospital had arranged for patients to be placed in the isolation ward and arranged for relevant tests. X-ray photographs showed that the patient's lungs were shadowy and he was suspected of having pneumonia. He reported the case to the Centre for Health Protection. However, the patient was unwilling to undergo isolation testing and treatment, claiming to return to Shatian Didu Hotel to take care of her daughter, and was discharged from the hospital that night.

The woman reported to the hospital that the residence was the Shatin Royal Hotel, but at the request of the Department of Health, when the Royal Hotel Hotel Wine checked the relevant registration, it was found that there was no record of the female patient's check-in and booking, nor was it found. A resident with similar background information suspected that the woman had reported a fake address to the hospital.


The report cited government sources saying that as of now, the CHP is still tracking the whereabouts of the woman patient.

In addition, a female student from the Chinese University of Hong Kong from mainland China went to Hong Kong Ren'an Hospital for treatment on Sunday (January 5) due to discomfort. When the medical staff at the shunting station of the hospital registered personal information and asked about her symptoms, the woman reported that she had a fever. She had been to Wuhan a few days ago but had not been to a wet market or seafood market.

The nurse told the patient that she would be isolated or transferred to a public hospital after the consultation, and the woman left on her own. Later, Ren'an medical staff called the woman to understand the situation. The woman said that she was in Mong Kok and did not want to go to a public hospital in Hong Kong. She planned to return to Shenzhen for medical treatment.

In the evening of the same day, the girl returned to the Bethlehem dormitory of United College and was still having a fever. Later, the school arranged for the girl and the roommate to be accompanied by ambulance staff to a public hospital for further examination.:tiphat:https://www.ntdtv.com/b5/2020/01/06/a102746480.html
 
https://www.axios.com/china-pneumonia-oubtreak-wuhan-e2ef8914-6bd7-46db-814d-1609d590ee07.html

[snip]

The cause of an outbreak of pneumonia in China that's sickened at least 59 people in the city of Wuhan remains a mystery, although Chinese officials say it is not the deadly SARS virus and doesn't appear to spread quickly between people.
Why it matters: There's no reason for Americans to be concerned at this point, but the source needs to be determined to halt its spread, says Anthony Fauci, head of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. Wuhan, which has a population of 19 million, is the capital of Hubei province, home to 58 million people.

What they're saying: Fauci tells Axios he expects China to complete and announce the results of deep sequencing of the germ's genome soon. "It's obviously a virus," Fauci says, as bacteria would have been found quickly in cultures. "My guess would be that it's a different kind of coronavirus."
 
[h=1]Wuhan patient's lungs like frosted glass[/h] 1/7/2020
[Ming Pao News] Wuhan officials disclosed the detailed symptoms of patients with unknown pneumonia for the first time yesterday. Li Gang, director of the Wuhan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, said in an interview with internal media that a small number of patients had difficulty breathing, white blood cells and lymphocytes decreased; some human liver enzymes were elevated; diffuse frosty glass-like exudation shadows in the lungs (ie, lung flowers such as frosted glass) .

Zhuang Renxiang, deputy director of the Disease Control Department of the Ministry of Health and Welfare, said that the incubation period of the coronavirus can be up to 14 days, and the new cases from 1 to 14 of this month may be infections before the seafood market is closed. If the infection continues after the 14th of this month, New cases may represent human-to-human transmission of the virus; if there are no new cases, it may be related to the source of animal infection.

"Yangtze River Daily" published an interview with Li Gang, director of Wuhan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, saying that most of the patients with unknown pneumonia had fever, fatigue, some cough, little sputum, and a small number of patients with difficulty breathing. Laboratory examinations showed that the total number of white blood cells was normal or decreased in early stages of the onset of the disease, the number of lymphocytes was reduced, the liver enzyme and muscle enzyme indexes of some patients increased, and diffuse ground-glass exudation shadows appeared in both lungs. He expects the number of patients to continue to increase.

CUHK Professor of Respiratory Sciences Xu Shuchang said that viruses such as SARS, MERS, and avian influenza H5N1 and H7N9 can cause viral pneumonia, and patients' white blood cells, lymphocytes and platelets will decrease; if they are infected with bacteria, the number of white blood cells will increase. He also pointed out that the lung and liver were separated by a diaphragm, and if pneumonia would affect the inflammation of the liver, liver enzymes would rise.Regarding the diffuse ground-glass exudation shadows in both lungs, Xu Shuchang said that this represents lung flowers such as frosted glass, which is similar to SARS and MERS; it is currently difficult to determine what virus infection is through the above symptoms, and further analysis of viral genes is required.:tiphat:https://m.mingpao.com/pns/港聞/article/20200107/s00002/1578334830688/武漢病人肺花如磨砂玻璃
 
1/7/20
Excerpt:
Vietnam’s health ministry has urged local health authorities to tighten management at border gates in response to China’s Wuhan pneumonia outbreak.

On Monday, the health ministry directed provinces and cities to monitor the health status of all passengers travelling to and from Wuhan City, China with thermal scanners, when cross-border trading activities and visits heighten when the Lunar New Year festival draws near.
They are also asked to prepare all necessary facilities, instruments, chemicals and medicines and human resources to deploy preventative measures in a timely manner in all possible scenarios, even during the holidays.
-snip-
The Vietnamese health ministry has also cooperated with WHO to keep updated on the developments of the outbreaks in China.
https://www.mmtimes.com/news/vietnam-border-gates-tighten-monitoring-pneumonia.html
 
Source: Centre For Health Protection

Statutory Reporting of “Severe Respiratory Disease associated with a Novel Infectious Agent”
The Centre for Health Protection (CHP) of the Department of Health (DH) writes to inform you about the amendment of Schedule 1 to the Prevention and Control of Disease Ordinance (Cap. 599) (“the Ordinance”) to include “Severe Respiratory Disease associated with a Novel Infectious Agent” (嚴重新型傳染性病原體呼吸系統病) as one of the statutorily notifiable diseases, with effect from 00:00 on January 8, 2020.

“Severe Respiratory Disease associated with a Novel Infectious Agent” refers to the cluster of pneumonia cases with unknown aetiology occurring in Wuhan (武漢市) of the Mainland since December 2019. The causative pathogen is still being investigated by the Mainland health authorities. Respiratory pathogens including influenza viruses, avian influenza viruses, adenovirus, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus have been ruled out. It is highly likely that this condition is caused by a novel pathogen.
-snip-
The CHP has established case definition and specific reporting criteria to guide doctors to report such cases. In gist, the reporting criteria of “Severe Respiratory Disease associated with a Novel Infectious Agent” is as follows:

An individual fulfilling the following: ? Presented with fever and acute respiratory illness, or with pneumonia; AND ? With travel history to Wuhan within 14 days before onset of symptom (irrespective of any exposure to wet market or seafood market)


Continued: https://www.chp.gov.hk/files/pdf/let...s_20200107.pdf
 
[h=1]9 Wuhan-related cases reported[/h]
January 7, 2020


The Hospital Authority says public hospitals, as of noon today and over the past 24 hours, admitted nine people who had been to Wuhan in the past 14 days.



The patients presented symptoms of fever, respiratory infection or pneumonia.



The authority said the patients - five males and four females aged between six and 49 - are in stable condition and being treated in isolation at Alice Ho Miu Ling Nethersole, Prince of Wales, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern, Queen Elizabeth and Yan Chai hospitals.



The authority has sent specimens to the Department of Health for testing and will keep monitoring the patients’ conditions.



Public hospitals have reported 30 such cases to the department since December 31. Thirteen of these patients have been discharged.

https://www.news.gov.hk/eng/2020/01/20200107/20200107_172112_144.html?type=category&name=health
 
The Government of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
Press Release
:


Blood Donation Precautionary Measures in Response to the Wuhan Pneumonia Cases
The following is issued on behalf of the Hospital Authority:

The Hong Kong Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service (BTS) has established policy to ensure blood safety. BTS always reviews the blood donation arrangement for donors who returned from the areas with potential risks of infectious diseases. The spokesperson for BTS today (7 January) announced that, in response to the cluster of pneumonia cases detected in Wuhan, as a precautionary measure, members of public who have visited Wuhan should defer blood donation for 14 days from the date of departure.

The spokesperson pointed out that, having considered cautiously and balanced the risk of blood safety, the Hospital Authority (BTS) Expert Panel on Blood and Blood Products Safety decided to revise the arrangement today. Expert Panel remains vigilant and works closely with relevant departments to monitor the latest development, and to timely review related measures. Meanwhile, all blood donors are reminded that if they develop the symptoms of fever, respiratory tract infection or pneumonia after blood donation, they should seek medical advice and inform the healthcare staff of BTS (During office hours: 2710 1201/ 2710 1243/2710 1298; Outside office hours: 2710 1210/2710 1234) as soon as possible.

BTS would also like to invite members of public to give blood before travel abroad during the Chinese New Year holiday to maintain a stable blood supply for patients in need throughout the long holiday.

Ends/Tuesday, January 7, 2020
Issued at HKT 20:05
https://www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/...0010700560.htm
 
Translation Google


Yuan Guoyong expects new virus to originate from bats

Wuhan pneumonia virus may come from bats! Yuan Guoyong, Chair Professor of the Department of Microbiology at the University of Hong Kong, pointed out that the new virus is very likely to come from bats first, then to mammals, and then to humans. As many as 10 to 20 cases have been reported in the Mainland, the virus may have spread in the community. Xu Shuchang, Chair Professor of Respiratory Medicine of the Chinese University of Medicine, also pointed out that the incubation period of pneumonia virus is up to about two weeks, so the next week will be critical. If the number of infections increases, it may indicate a community outbreak.

The Wuhan pneumonia case was caused by an unknown virus. Yuan Guoyong pointed out that there is a great chance that it will first come from bats, then to mammals, and finally to humans. To find an intermediary host, there must be hundreds of each animal for sampling and testing, which will take some time. He believes that the new virus will not be effective from person to person, and that people who have close contact with patients will have the chance to get infected.

Viral gene changes call for fasting game

Yuan Guoyong continued, game has its own disease species, whether it is viruses, germs and bacteria, they usually do not jump on humans, but because humans have entered the range of wild animals, they also catch wild animals and put them in markets. In forests, now that they are locked up, the virus will naturally go to humans, and its viral genes will also change. Then it will not only jump to humans, but it can also be passed from person to person, causing a great disaster. "The easiest way to prevent and cure is not to eat game food. If there is no market, no one buys Japanese food, and naturally no one does it, so wild animals have their own living space, and humans will not have such a serious disaster."

Asked if there would be signs of community spread, Yuan Guoyong said that it was normal for the official announcement of infection cases to increase before the next release of information is very important. If there are more than a dozen cases, it shows that it is likely to spread in the community. If there are only two or three cases, the situation is more reassuring.

Xu Shuchang said that it is still unclear whether Wuhan pneumonia is transmitted from person to person, so it is difficult to estimate whether it will occur in the community. He pointed out that Wuhan is currently monitoring 163 people. It is necessary to assess whether people will be passed on to people, depending on whether any of these people have been infected by family members or medical staff. If none of them has been involved in the South China Seafood Market, the "China "Move," there is a great chance that someone will pass on signs.

Xu Shuchang: The next week is the key

Xu Shuchang continued that the South China seafood market has been closed for about a week and the pneumonia virus incubation period is up to about two weeks, so the next week is the key. If the number of infections increases, it may indicate a community outbreak.

Yuan Guoyong clarified that no online warning was issued

In addition, online circulated "Please pay attention to what Dr. Yuan Guoyong of the University of Hong Kong said; I suggest not to return to the mainland in the short term, remember to wear a mask when traveling abroad." It is OC43, and the treatment plan is still unknown. "Yuan Guoyong clarified that the relevant information was not sent by him and the content was not true. So far, the type of virus of unknown pneumonia in Wuhan has not been determined. I hope the public will not trust the online information.

https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/news/20200108/00176_006.html
 
[h=1]36-year-old Chinese woman with suspected case of "unexplained pneumonia" in South Korea[/h]
Suspected cases have emerged in Hong Kong and Singapore following the outbreak of unexplained viral pneumonia in Wuhan. The Yonhap News Agency reported today that a suspected case of "unknown cause of pneumonia" also appeared in South Korea. The patient was a 36-year-old Chinese woman and was sent to Bundang Seoul University Hospital for isolation and examination. Her health is good.

The report pointed out that the patient had been to Wuhan from December 13th to 17th last year, during which he had not been to a seafood market or had contact with wild animals. She developed pneumonia within 14 days of entering South Korea.

https://china.hket.com/article/2536624
 
[h=1]Wuhan Municipal Party Secretary resigns as director of the National People's Congress[/h]
In the sensitive period when the unknown pneumonia epidemic in Wuhan continued to spread, Ma Guoqiang, the current deputy secretary of the Hubei Provincial Party Committee and secretary of the Wuhan Municipal Party Committee, resigned as the director of the Wuhan People's Congress of the Communist Party of China.

At the Standing Committee of the Wuhan Municipal People ’s Congress on January 6, it was announced that Ma Guoqiang resigned as the director of the People ’s Congress and explained that it was “due to work needs”.


https://hk.epochtimes.com/news/2020-01-08/11546342
 
[h=1]Increased to 38 the number of fever or discomfort after returning to Hong Kong[/h] As of 12:00 noon today, the public hospital has received a total of 8 patients who have visited Wuhan in the past 14 days and have fever, respiratory infections or pneumonia.
[TABLE="border: 1, width: 100%, height: 163"]
[TR]
[TD] [/TD]
[TD]hospital[/TD]
[TD]age[/TD]
[TD]gender[/TD]
[TD]Happening[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]1[/TD]
[TD]Caritas Hospital[/TD]
[TD]10[/TD]
[TD]Female[/TD]
[TD]stable[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]2[/TD]
[TD]Princess Margaret Hospital[/TD]
[TD]6[/TD]
[TD]Female[/TD]
[TD]stable[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]3[/TD]
[TD]Prince of Wales Hospital[/TD]
[TD]10[/TD]
[TD]Female[/TD]
[TD]stable[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]4[/TD]
[TD]Prince of Wales Hospital[/TD]
[TD]61[/TD]
[TD]male[/TD]
[TD]stable[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]5[/TD]
[TD]Queen Elizabeth Hospital[/TD]
[TD]28[/TD]
[TD]Female[/TD]
[TD]stable[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]6[/TD]
[TD]Ruttonjee Hospital[/TD]
[TD]27[/TD]
[TD]Female[/TD]
[TD]stable[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]7[/TD]
[TD]Tin Shui Wai Hospital *[/TD]
[TD]3[/TD]
[TD]Female[/TD]
[TD]stable[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]8[/TD]
[TD]Tin Shui Wai Hospital *[/TD]
[TD]15[/TD]
[TD]Female[/TD]
[TD]stable[/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]


http://hd.stheadline.com/news/realtime/hk/1676295/即時-港聞-武漢肺炎-再增8人回港後發燒或不適-累計38宗
 
[h=1]Eight unexplained viral pneumonia patients discharged from Wuhan[/h]
The reporter learned from the Wuhan Municipal Health and Health Committee: On January 8th, eight patients with unexplained viral pneumonia in Wuhan were cured and discharged.

Eight patients were previously diagnosed and treated in relevant hospitals in Wuhan, and all were subsequently admitted in Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital. After diagnosis and treatment in medical institutions, she has no clinical manifestations such as fever and pneumonia for many days. After diagnosis by the clinical experts, they are deemed to meet the discharge standards and can be discharged.


http://www.sohu.com/a/365591624_162522
 
36-year-old Chinese woman with suspected case of "unexplained pneumonia" in South Korea


Suspected cases have emerged in Hong Kong and Singapore following the outbreak of unexplained viral pneumonia in Wuhan. The Yonhap News Agency reported today that a suspected case of "unknown cause of pneumonia" also appeared in South Korea. The patient was a 36-year-old Chinese woman and was sent to Bundang Seoul University Hospital for isolation and examination. Her health is good.

The report pointed out that the patient had been to Wuhan from December 13th to 17th last year, during which he had not been to a seafood market or had contact with wild animals. She developed pneumonia within 14 days of entering South Korea.

https://china.hket.com/article/2536624


Yonhap report -


S. Korea reports suspected case of mysterious pneumonia

Welfare/Medicine 18:01 January 08, 2020


https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN2020010...ience/medicine
 

Most of that article is beyond a paywall, but the virus has apparently been sequenced. I'm assuming by the severity of this outbreak that the virus is an animal coronavirus more closely related to SARS and MERS than to the human coronaviruses like OC43 and NL63, but I can't confirm that from the article itself.

The weak SARS positives early in this outbreak appear to be cross-reactive testing and not a laboratory error.

We'll see what happens when all the suspected cases are now tested for this new virus.
 
Most of that article is beyond a paywall, but the virus has apparently been sequenced. I'm assuming by the severity of this outbreak that the virus is an animal coronavirus more closely related to SARS and MERS than to the human coronaviruses like OC43 and NL63, but I can't confirm that from the article itself.

The weak SARS positives early in this outbreak appear to be cross-reactive testing and not a laboratory error.

We'll see what happens when all the suspected cases are now tested for this new virus.


That article is based on "according to people familiar with the findings". Experts have speculated for several days that this illness is a new coronavirus. The article does not give any new concrete information or any named sources.
 
Source: https://promedmail.org/promed-post/?id=20200108.6877694
Published Date: 2020-01-08 10:30:07
Subject: PRO/AH/EDR> Undiagnosed pneumonia - China (HU) (05): novel coronavirus identified
Archive Number: 20200108.6877694

UNDIAGNOSED PNEUMONIA - CHINA (HUBEI) (05): NOVEL CORONAVIRUS IDENTIFIED
************************************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org

Date: Wed 8 Jan 2019
Source: Wall Street Journal
https://www.wsj.com/articles/new-vi...-investigating-pneumonia-outbreak-11578485668


New Virus Discovered by Chinese Scientists Investigating Pneumonia Outbreak
Latest tally of people sickened in Wuhan is 59, with 7 in a critical condition
----------------------------------------------
Chinese scientists investigating a mystery illness that has sickened dozens in central China have discovered a new strain of coronavirus, a development that will test the country's upgraded capabilities for dealing with unfamiliar infectious diseases.

The novel coronavirus was genetically sequenced from a sample from 1 patient and subsequently found in some of the others affected in the city of Wuhan, according to people familiar with the findings. Chinese authorities haven't concluded that the strain is the underlying cause of sickness in all the patients who have been isolated in Wuhan since the infection 1st broke out in early December [2019], the people said.

There are many known coronaviruses -- some can cause ailments like common colds in humans, while others don't affect humans at all. Some - such as severe acute respiratory syndrome, or SARS, in 2003 - have led to deadly outbreaks, lending urgency to efforts to contain the current situation.

High Alert
Some past coronavirus outbreaks, such as SARS and MERS, have had high death rates. Yet, there is no suggestion this new illness would cause such issues so far...
 
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