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Curr Opin Immunol. 2015 Feb 24;34C:59-67. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2015.02.002. [Epub ahead of print]
The immunology of influenza virus-associated bacterial pneumonia.
Robinson KM1, Kolls JK2, Alcorn JF3.
Author information
Abstract
Infection with influenza virus has been a significant cause of morbidity and mortality for more than a hundred years. Severe disease and increased mortality often results from bacterial super-infection of patients with influenza virus infection. Preceding influenza infection alters the host's innate and adaptive immune responses, allowing increased susceptibility to secondary bacterial pneumonia. Recent advances in the field have helped to define how influenza alters the immune response to bacteria through the dysregulation of phagocytes, antimicrobial peptides, and lymphocytes. Viral-induced interferons play a key role in altering the phenotype of the immune response. Potential genetic modifiers of disease will help to define additional immunologic mechanisms that predispose to viral, bacterial super-infection with the overarching goal of developing effective therapeutic strategies to prevent and treat disease.
Copyright ? 2015. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
PMID: 25723597 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
The immunology of influenza virus-associated bacterial pneumonia.
Robinson KM1, Kolls JK2, Alcorn JF3.
Author information
Abstract
Infection with influenza virus has been a significant cause of morbidity and mortality for more than a hundred years. Severe disease and increased mortality often results from bacterial super-infection of patients with influenza virus infection. Preceding influenza infection alters the host's innate and adaptive immune responses, allowing increased susceptibility to secondary bacterial pneumonia. Recent advances in the field have helped to define how influenza alters the immune response to bacteria through the dysregulation of phagocytes, antimicrobial peptides, and lymphocytes. Viral-induced interferons play a key role in altering the phenotype of the immune response. Potential genetic modifiers of disease will help to define additional immunologic mechanisms that predispose to viral, bacterial super-infection with the overarching goal of developing effective therapeutic strategies to prevent and treat disease.
Copyright ? 2015. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
PMID: 25723597 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]