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Mount Merapi Eruptions - 347 deaths - Thousands displaced

Re: Mount Merapi Eruptions - 122 deaths - 150 injured - 160,000 internal refugees

Re: Mount Merapi Eruptions - 122 deaths - 150 injured - 160,000 internal refugees

After viewing that video, all I can think of is the expression "Trail of tears", from the historical displacement of American Natives - way too sad.

.
 
Re: Mount Merapi Eruptions - 122 deaths - 150 injured - 160,000 internal refugees

Re: Mount Merapi Eruptions - 122 deaths - 150 injured - 160,000 internal refugees

Looking at the characteristics of nearby historic Indonesian volcanic eruptions, I found:

TAMPORA (1815):
- 83,000 people died - mostly from hot gases
- ash spread in a 25 mile radius

KRAKATOA (1883):
- pyroclastic flows reached adjacent coastlines
- Sebesi Island (15 miles NE of Krakatoa) was hit with a pyroclastic flow prior to tsunami waves
- about 2000 corpses on Sumatra were severely burned from pyroclastic flows reaching their shores
- high temperature pyro flows traveled 40 km over water (water accelerated the flow)
- low temperature pyro flows traveled reached boats 80 km away
- one survivor in Ketimbang, Sumatra described her skin falling off from burns. That village may be modern Kalumbayan - 37 miles away.

We could speculate that a safety zone of 25-40 miles might be necessary for Merapi eruption.

.
 
Re: Mount Merapi Eruptions - 122 deaths - 150 injured - 160,000 internal refugees

Re: Mount Merapi Eruptions - 122 deaths - 150 injured - 160,000 internal refugees

That would encompass Yogyakarta, a city of some 3 million persons.
 
Re: Mount Merapi Eruptions - 122 deaths - 150 injured - 160,000 internal refugees

Re: Mount Merapi Eruptions - 122 deaths - 150 injured - 160,000 internal refugees

As of now, both Singapore and Malaysia Airlines have cancelled flights in and out of Jakarta. US President Obama is due to visit Jakarta in the next few days!

add Lufthansa to this list.

.
 
Last edited:
Re: Mount Merapi Eruptions - 138 deaths - 150 injured - 160,000 internal refugees

Re: Mount Merapi Eruptions - 138 deaths - 150 injured - 160,000 internal refugees

Volcano death toll rises to 138

(UKPA) – 3 hours ago

The number of people killed by an Indonesian volcano that burst back to life two weeks ago climbed to 138, hospital officials have said.

-------------------------------

Airlines make Indonesia a no-fly zone after Mount Merapi's worst eruption yet

Read more

Three airlines have temporarily cancelled flights to Indonesia after another eruption of the Mount Merapi volcano.

Malaysia Airlines, Lufthansa and Singapore Airlines have all scrapped flights to Jakarta because of the continued volcanic activity in Indonesia.

The flight cancellations come after Mount Merapi's worst eruption in a century sent the death toll rising to 138.
 
Re: Mount Merapi Eruptions - 138 deaths - many injured - 160,000 internal refugees

Re: Mount Merapi Eruptions - 138 deaths - many injured - 160,000 internal refugees

Mount Merapi ash threatens world's oldest Buddhist temple


Jakarta
- Acid in the volcanic ash that has rained down on Java island since Mount Merapi erupted last week may damage the world's oldest Buddhist temple - a major Indonesian tourist destination - an official said Saturday.

Ash up to 3-centimetres deep has covered the Borobudur temple, and the acidity could erode the temple's stones, said Marsis Sutopo, head of the Borobudur Heritage Conservation.

'The volcanic ash must be cleaned because it can accelerate the decay of the temple's stones,' Sutopo was quoted as saying by the state-run Antara news agency.

'In the next few days we'll do the technical evaluation for the cleaning process,' he added.

Pujo Suwarno, head of Borobudur's tourism park, said the temple was again closed down for visitors temporarily after volcanic ash covered the temple following the Merapi volcano's powerful eruptions on Friday.

He said when the clean up is completed the visitors would be allowed to visit the temple early next week - but they still not be permitted to climb to the temple.

http://www.monstersandcritics.com/n...hreatens-world-s-oldest-Buddhist-temple-Extra

_______________________________________________________

from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borobudur

Evidence suggests Borobudur was abandoned following the 14th-century.....

.....Borobudur lay hidden for centuries under layers of volcanic ash and jungle growth......Somewhere between 928 and 1006, the center of power moved to the East Java region and a series of volcanic eruptions took place.....

.
 
Re: Mount Merapi Eruptions - 138 deaths - many injured - 160,000 internal refugees

Re: Mount Merapi Eruptions - 138 deaths - many injured - 160,000 internal refugees

Indonesia's volcano toll climbs to 135, evacuation underway<!-- end_t -->​

English.news.cn 2010-11-07 20:12:48​

Excerpt:

Recuers found more bodies on Sunday and still could not reach some houses as it was still dangerous, said Marsono.

Many residence living in risky zone of 20 kms refused to leave their homes by the reason to look after their belonging and considered that the ash still far from them, and many others evacuees returned to the zone to take care of their cattles, said Marsono. "Many of them still stay in the dangerous zone, we must persuade them to leave, and even force them to exit from the zone. Many others returned to their homes too," he said.

Although Indonesian President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono has said that the government would purchase all their cattle, most of the villagers in the area live from milking cow.

There were 289,612 people taking shelter by Sunday, the agency said.

The agency has said that there are 1.3 million people living in the risky zone of 20 km from the mount.

http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/world/2010-11/07/c_13595465.htm
 
Mount Merapi Eruptions - 156 deaths - many injured - Estimated 200,000 people displaced

Mount Merapi Eruptions - 156 deaths - many injured - Estimated 200,000 people displaced

Indonesian volcano spews more scorching ash; death toll reaches 156

<!--startclickprintexclude--><!--endclickprintexclude-->From Kathy Quiano, CNN<SCRIPT type=text/javascript>cnnAuthor = "From Kathy Quiano, CNN";</SCRIPT>
<SCRIPT type=text/javascript>if(location.hostname.indexOf( 'edition.' ) > -1) {document.write('November 7, 2010 -- Updated 1304 GMT (2104 HKT)');} else {document.write('November 7, 2010 8:04 a.m. EST');}</SCRIPT>November 7, 2010 8:04 a.m. ESTNovember 7, 2010 8:04 a.m. ESTNovember 7, 2010 -- Updated 1304 GMT (2104 HKT)


Jakarta, Indonesia (CNN) -- The death toll from recent eruptions at Indonesia's Mount Merapi continues to rise as the volcano spewed hot ash clouds and gas on Sunday.

At least 156 people have died since Merapi started erupting on October 26, said Sigit, a doctor at Sardjito Hospital in Yogyakarta. Many Indonesians go by one name.

Ash columns reached as high as 6 kilometers (3.7 miles), according to the Indonesian Volcanology and Geological Disaster Mitigation Agency.
...

Data from the Indonesian Volcanology Technology Development and Assessment Agency indicated that a hot ash cloud that had hit a village near the crater was around 450-600 degrees Celsius (842-1,112 degrees Fahrenheit).
...

Relief agencies such as Plan Indonesia estimate about 200,000 people have been displaced.

Full text + video:

http://edition.cnn.com/2010/WORLD/asiapcf/11/07/indonesia.volcano/
 
Re: Mount Merapi Eruptions - 156 deaths - many injured - Estimated 300,000 people displaced

Re: Mount Merapi Eruptions - 156 deaths - many injured - Estimated 300,000 people displaced

Link leads to more stories and to video's

Merapi eruptions displace almost 300,000

Mon Nov 8, 2010

Almost 300,000 people have now been displaced from their homes after almost two weeks of eruptions from Indonesia's Merapi volcano in central Java.

The death toll passed 130 at the weekend as the eruption, which is the worst for Mount Merapi since the 1870s, caused the cancellation of most international flights into the country and caused chaos for domestic flights.

Heavy ash has closed airports in Yogyakarta, Solo and Bandung in central Java.

The government has issued a 20-kilometre exclusion zone around Mount Merapi, where most of those who have died have been suffocated by ash and poisonous gases or burnt alive by pyroclastic flows.

However, the devastation covers many hundreds of square kilometres of surrounding countryside where ash as thick as sand and fine as cement powder has created a filthy gray wasteland.

Those who have stayed behind have to cover their faces with paper masks or respirators to breathe.

The clinging ash has caused roofs to collapse and snapped branches from trees.

On the outskirts of Yogyakarta the huge, multi-storeyed Maguwoharjo Stadium has become a temporary shelter for tens of thousands of those driven from their homes.

Read more
 
Re: Mount Merapi Eruptions - 156 deaths - many injured - Estimated 300,000 people displaced

Re: Mount Merapi Eruptions - 156 deaths - many injured - Estimated 300,000 people displaced

Volcano Eruptions Will Not Stop Obama Visit to Indonesia

<!-- Removed the byline section from editorials & rewards articles -->Brian Padden | Jakarta <!-- VOA iNews -->08 November 2010

Despite speculation that the latest eruptions from the Merapi volcano in Indonesia might cause President Obama to cancel his visit to Jakarta November 9 and 10, American officials say the trip will proceed as planned.
...

International carriers like Air Emirates, Singapore Air and Lufthansa have all resumed flights to Jakarta. Chris Davies, a meteorologist with the Darwin Volcanic Ash Advisory Center, advises airlines about the risk of ash in the atmosphere from volcanic eruptions in the region. He says conditions over Jakarta have improved.

"We have advisories out at the moment, but not to the same extent as it was over the weekend," Davies said. "We currently have ash affecting central parts of Java, mostly in the vicinity of Merapi itself, up to about 10 kilometers in height."

Davies says the winds have changed and are moving the ash southwest, away from the Indonesian capital and out to the Indian ocean.

[...]

http://www.voanews.com/english/news...Stop-Obama-Visit-to-Indonesia--106875769.html
 
Re: Mount Merapi Eruptions - 156 deaths - many injured - Estimated 300,000 people displaced

Re: Mount Merapi Eruptions - 156 deaths - many injured - Estimated 300,000 people displaced

INDONESIA: How to mark out a volcano danger zone

​

Photo: OCHA​


YOGYAKARTA, 8 November 2010 (IRIN) - Demarcating the danger zone around an active volcano in Indonesia is far from an exact science, says the government volcanologist responsible for issuing alerts since the 25 October eruption of Mt Merapi in Central Java, which led to the evacuation of nearly 200,000 people.

The most recent explosion at midnight on 5 November nearly doubled the number of deaths linked to the eruption, the extent of the no-go zone surrounding the mountain, as well as the number of people displaced.

The evacuation zone expanded from 10km around the summit on 25 October to 15km on 3 November to the current 20km.

?Everyone is an expert when a volcano erupts and I do not want to be swayed by criticism in the media,? government volcanologist Surono, who like many Indonesians uses a single name, told IRIN from Yogyakarta, about 30km form Merapi. Yogyakarta is where government disaster officials, regional medical staff, dozens of NGOs and 250 rescue workers are monitoring the volcano.

Below are parameters Surono considers before issuing volcano alerts:
...

Read more:

http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportID=91013
 
Re: Mount Merapi Eruptions - 156 deaths - many injured - Estimated 300,000 people displaced

Re: Mount Merapi Eruptions - 156 deaths - many injured - Estimated 300,000 people displaced

Indonesian to English translation (Google)

Merapi Eruption Larger Than 1872

Reuters - Wednesday, 10 NovemberKirimKirim via YMCetak.

<CITE class=caption>Letusan Merapi Lebih Besar Dibanding 1872</CITE>



Yogyakarta (ANTARA) - The eruption of Mount Merapi in 2010 is greater than the eruption of the volcano more than 100 years ago or in 1872.

"If the index is measured by the eruption, the eruption in 2010 was greater than the Merapi eruption ever recorded in history that in 1872," said Chief Hall Kegunungapian Investigation and Technology Development (BPPTK) Subandriyo Yogyakarta in Yogyakarta, on Tuesday.

According to him, one of the indicators used to determine the index of the eruption is from the amount of volcanic material that has been leveled.

At the eruption of 1872, the amount of volcanic material ejected by the eruption of Mount Merapi during the process of reaching 100 million cubic meters.

In the meantime, until now the amount of volcanic material that has been spewed out since the eruption of Mount Merapi on 26 October until now estimated to have reached about 140 million cubic meters of volcanic and seismic activity is not stopped.

"Most of the volcanic material that leads to Kali Gendol and are now part of the river has been filled by volcanic material," he said.

Therefore, he continued, the threat of lava flooding in a number of rivers that disgorge at Mount Merapi is still very possible to happen.

BPPTK, he continued, trying to do the monitoring of the air with aerial photographs, but it still continues to conduct an analysis of the results of the photo.

"There are a few obstacles before the commencement of aerial photographs, the column of smoke was still thick enough to obstruct the view to see the peak of Merapi," he said.

Based on the results of the monitoring until at 12.00, still there was an earthquake tremor in a row that indicates a magma activity in the body of the mountain.

The Center for Volcanology and Geological Disaster Mitigation Surono said, there are a few volcanology and geological experts from foreign countries who want to help monitoring the activity of Merapi.

"We invite only. Merapi is a laboratory of the world, so anyone can conduct an investigation, let alone the Merapi eruption did not happen once a year," he said.

A number of volcanology and geology experts said foreign originated from Japan, the United States and France.

Meanwhile, the head of National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB) Syamsul Maarif appealed to people still follow government instructions to be on the safe radius of 20 kilometers (km) from the peak of Mount Merapi.

Moreover, people also asked not to move at a distance of 500 meters from each side of the river, especially the river that tipped at Mount Merapi to avoid the danger of cold lava...

http://id.news.yahoo.com/antr/20101109/tpl-letusan-merapi-lebih-besar-dibanding-cc08abe.html
 
Re: Mount Merapi Eruptions - 191 deaths - many injured - Estimated 300,000 people displaced

Re: Mount Merapi Eruptions - 191 deaths - many injured - Estimated 300,000 people displaced

Mount Merapi claims more lives

Flights cancelled because of ash

Last Updated: Wednesday, November 10, 2010 | 8:29 AM ET

The Associated Press

The number of people killed by Mount Merapi, a volatile volcano that has been spewing ash and gas for two weeks, has climbed to 191, according to Indonesian officials.
...

U.S. President Barack Obama cut short his visit to Indonesia and some international airlines again cancelled flights over concerns about air safety.

Mount Merapi, hundreds of kilometres east of Jakarta, has spewed massive clouds of ash and gas high into the air, causing travel chaos and at times forcing two nearby airports to shut down.

Full text:
http://www.cbc.ca/world/story/2010/11/10/indonesia-volcano-plane.html
 
Re: Mount Merapi Eruptions - 191 deaths - many injured - Estimated 300,000 people displaced

Re: Mount Merapi Eruptions - 191 deaths - many injured - Estimated 300,000 people displaced

300,000 DISPLACED AFTER VOLCANO WREAKS HAVOC IN INDONESIA

11 Nov 2010

128947947413__main.jpg


- snip -

There is widespread concern that the volcano, near Yogyakarta, will re-erupt.

More than 190 lives have already been claimed, and with the possibility of another eruption on the way thousands continue to flee. Displacement camps designed to accommodate 40,000 people are packed with over 300,000. The over-crowded sites are laden with ash and fear; families have been forced to abandon their homes, crops and livestock with many cramming themselves into mosques, schools and other makeshift shelters.

With unsanitary conditions posing a dangerous health risk, Action Against Hunger's primary concern is to reduce the risk of epidemics by distributing safe drinking water and ensuring basic sanitation. There have already been reported cases of diarrhoea - which can lead to dehydration, malnutrition, or ultimately, death if uncontrolled - so providing hygiene materials, water supplies and latrines is vital.

Action Against Hunger is distributing 1,000 hygiene kits, purified water and jerry cans so the displaced can collect water from tanks within the camps. Emergency latrines have also been installed.

"We are facing two major problems," says Fabrice Carbonne, Asian Programme Manager for Action Against Hunger, "first, the sheer amount of people spread across different areas; there are more than 70 camps in total, making the rescue operation very complex. The situation is also in constant flux as the evacuation perimeters surrounding the volcano continues to burgeon. Nobody knows how far or how long it will continue to spread."

Read more
 
Re: Mount Merapi Eruptions - 194 deaths - 500 hospitalised - Estimated 370,000 people displaced

Re: Mount Merapi Eruptions - 194 deaths - 500 hospitalised - Estimated 370,000 people displaced

machinetranslated

Victims Killed The eruption of Mount Merapi Being 194

merapi-10-nov-2010.jpg



Tribunnews.com - Thursday, November 11, 2010

JAKARTA - From the Mount Merapi volcano first erupted October 26 to date 11 November 2010, has killed 194 people and displaced 360,557 in DIY and Central Java.

Based on data obtained from the National Agency for Disaster reduction (BNPB) today can be specified that the highest death toll in the Yogyakarta Sleman district with a total 163 people. People who died in Sleman resulting heat burns due to cloud or as many as 141 of wedhus trash and non burns 22 people.

Meanwhile, in Central Java, five residents of Klaten died of burns and as many as 26 others died of non-injury burns . Apart from that, at this time, 498 people hospitalized in a number of hospitals both in Central Java and Yogyakarta. While the 370,028 refugees scattered in 687 evacuation points.

Berdasarlan report from the Head of Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation (PVMBG) until this afternoon, visual observations describe a roar audible with weak intensity and ash rain with a light intensity-dense observed in the Southwest sector to the Western Sea.

Smoke seen with high 800 meters from the summit of Mount Merapi leaning towards the west to West Laut.Teramati avalanches toward Kali Gendol with sliding distance of 1 km at 10:35 pm.

From the CCTV installed in the pure-bred, it is observed awanpanas with sliding distance of 3 km to the direction of Kali Gendol at 5:20 pm. Observed column of white smoke brownish strong pressure.
 
Re: Mount Merapi Eruptions - 194 deaths - 500 hospitalised - Estimated 370,000 people displaced

Re: Mount Merapi Eruptions - 194 deaths - 500 hospitalised - Estimated 370,000 people displaced

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Eruption at Mount Merapi, Indonesia


merapiso2_omi_2010312.png

merapiso2_omi_2010312_palette.png

acquired November 4 - 8, 2010
download Google Earth file (18 KB, KML) acquired November 4 - 8, 2010
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In late October and early November 2010, eruptions at Indonesia?s Mount Merapi produced ash plumes, lahars, and pyroclastic flows. The volcano also released sulfur dioxide, a colorless gas that can harm human health and cool Earth's climate.

This image shows concentrations of sulfur dioxide on November 4?8, 2010, as observed by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on NASA?s Aura spacecraft. Sulfur dioxide is measured here in Dobson Units: The greatest concentrations appear in dark red-brown; the lowest in light peach.

Typically used to measure ozone, the Dobson Unit is the number of molecules of gas that would be required to create a layer 0.01 millimeters thick at a temperature of 0 degrees Celsius and a pressure of 1 atmosphere (the air pressure at the surface of the Earth).

On November 9, 2010, the Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre in Darwin, Australia, reported a sulfur dioxide cloud over the Indian Ocean between 40,000 and 50,000 feet (12,000 and 15,000 meters), in the upper troposphere.

The effects of sulfur dioxide vary depending on the amount emitted, the latitude where the emission occurs, the altitude where the gas is concentrated, and regional wind and weather patterns. At ground level, sulfur dioxide irritates human skin, eyes, and the upper respiratory tract.

At higher altitudes, sulfur dioxide can undergo a series of chemical reactions affecting the environment. For instance, by reacting with water vapor, sulfur dioxide can create sulfate ions, precursors to sulfuric acid.

Besides elevating the risk of acid rain, the ions can also react to form particles that reflect sunlight.

If a volcano near the equator injects a sufficient quantity of sulfur dioxide into the stratosphere, the resulting chemical reactions can create reflective aerosols that linger for months or even years, cooling climate by reflecting sunlight. At just 7.5 degrees south of the equator, Mount Merapi is positioned to have such an impact. But as of early November, Merapi had emitted just 1 percent of what was released by Mount Pinatubo in 1991. That eruption had a measurable effect on global temperatures, said OMI scientist Simon Carn from Michigan Technological University.

For more information on aerosols and their effect on our planet, see the Earth Observatory fact sheet Aerosols: Tiny Particles, Big Impact.

  1. References
  2. Darwin Volcanic Ash Advisory Center. (2010, November 9). Volcanic ash advisory: Merapi. Accessed November 9, 2010.
  3. Klemetti, E. (2010, November 8). Merapi update for 11/8/2010: Death toll climbs as activity calms. Eruptions. Accessed November 9, 2010.
  4. Volcanic Hazards Program. (2010, June 11). Volcanic gases and their effects. U.S. Geological Survey. Accessed November 9, 2010.
NASA Earth Observatory image created by Jesse Allen, using OMI data provided courtesy of Simon Carn, Department of Geological and Mining Engineering and Sciences, Michigan Technical University. Caption by Michon Scott.


<DL class=details><DT>Instrument: <DD>Aura - OMI </DD></DL>http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/view.php?id=46881
 
Re: Mount Merapi Eruptions - 194 deaths - 500 hospitalised - Estimated 370,000 people displaced

Re: Mount Merapi Eruptions - 194 deaths - 500 hospitalised - Estimated 370,000 people displaced

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Eruption at Mount Merapi, Indonesia



download large image (290 KB, JPEG) acquired November 10, 2010
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A thick plume of ash rose from the Merapi Volcano on November 10, 2010, when the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on NASA?s Terra satellite captured this photo-like image. The image provides the most cloud-free satellite view of the eruption to date. A dark brown streak down the southern face of the volcano is ash and other volcanic material deposited by a pyroclastic flow or lahar.

Read more:
http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/view.php?id=46928
 
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