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India - Nipah cluster in Kozhikode, Kerala - Six confirmed cases (two fatal), several suspected cases under investigation - September 11, 2023+

Mary Wilson

Well-known member
September 11, 2023 11:06 pm | Updated 11:10 pm IST
- Thiruvananthapuram
THE HINDU BUREAU

The Health department has sounded a health alert in Kozhikode district, following the reporting of two unnatural deaths following fever at a private hospital, an official release issued by the office of the Health Minister said here late on Monday.

The deaths are suspected to be due to Nipah Virus (NiV) and the relatives of one of the deceased are said to be in intensive care, the statement said. ...

https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/nipah-alert-in-kozhikode-again/article67296656.ece
 
India: Two die of fever in Kozhikode (Kerala Atate); Nipah suspected

Source: https://www.newindianexpress.com/st...ver-in-kozhikode-nipah-suspected-2613930.html


Two die of fever in Kozhikode; Nipah suspected
The second case was reported in 2019 at Ernakulam and later Nipah was reported again in 2021 in Kozhikode when a 12-year-old died of encephalitis.
Published: 12th September 2023 06:44 AM | Last Updated: 12th September 2023 11:36 AM | A+A A-

By Express News Service

KOZHIKODE: The State Health Department issued a high alert in Kozhikode district after two deaths were suspected to be caused by the deadly Nipah virus infection. The officials have declared the deaths to be unnatural. The two have been identified as people hailing from Ayanchery and Maruthonkara regions in the Kuttiyadi and Nadappuram constituencies respectively.

After the incident, the district administration announced a holiday in these regions on Tuesday. An alert has been issued to the public to stay cautious and calm and not get panicked with the situation. The deceased were undergoing treatment for fever at a private hospital in the district.

According to the officials from the health department one of the relatives of the deceased has been admitted to the hospital at the intensive care unit. Three persons from a family are in isolation at a private hospital in the city.

Blood samples from the deceased and from those admitted to the hospital have been sent to the National Institute of Virology in Pune and the results are expected by Tuesday noon. Health Minister Veena George has convened a meeting in Kozhikode to assess the situation.​..


 
Source: https://indianexpress.com/article/i...ients-respiratory-symptoms-kozhikode-8936974/

Early diagnosis difficult as Nipah patients showing respiratory symptoms this time, says Kozhikode doctor
In the outbreak in Kerala in 2018, when 17 people had died, and in two cases seen in subsequent years, patients were showing symptoms of encephalitis, says Dr A S Anoop Kumar
Written by Shaju Philip
Thiruvananthapuram | Updated: September 12, 2023 21:04 IST

Clinical symptoms seen in people who contracted the Nipah virus in Kozhikode, where two people have died and four others are undergoing treatment, are different this time from the symptoms seen in previous outbreaks, said the doctor leading the team treating the four patients.

Dr A S Anoop Kumar, the director of critical care medicine at Aster MIMS hospital in Kozhikode, said all the cases seen this year mainly show symptoms of respiratory infection. This, he said, makes early diagnosis difficult as many people contract viral fever and influenza, which have similar symptoms, during the rainy season.

In the outbreak in Kerala in 2018, when 17 people had died, and in two cases seen in subsequent years, patients were showing symptoms of encephalitis, he said. This time, however, such neurological symptoms were not seen in patients.​..

 
India's Kerala state closes schools, banks in seven villages due to Nipah deaths

13 Sep 2023 04:22PM

NEW DELHI: India's southern state of Kerala shut some schools, offices and public transport, authorities said on Wednesday (Sep 13), as they scrambled to rein in the spread of the rare and deadly brain-damaging Nipah virus that has killed two people.

An adult and a child are still infected in hospital, and more than 130 people have been tested for the virus, spread via direct contact with the bodily fluids of infected bats, pigs or people, a state health official said. ...

"Public movement has been restricted in parts of the state to contain the medical crisis." ...

https://www.channelnewsasia.com/asi...schools-banks-offices-close-infection-3766881
 
Looks like 4 confirmed cases so far, two alive in hospital and two deceased. According to the article above, that's an index case (deceased), his daughter (ill), a "brother-in-law" (ill), and a hospital contact patient (deceased). Probably two generations of cases given the long incubation period. I think the 9-year old mentioned above has to be the daughter of the index case, unless it's the brother-in-law in the form of a younger brother of his wife.
 
Union Minister of State for Health and Family Welfare, Dr. Bharati Pravin Pawar reviews steps taken on containment of Nipah Virus Outbreak in Kozhikode, Kerala

Visits ICMR-NIV Institute in Pune to take stock of preparations

High-level Central and ICMR teams equipped with BSL-3 labs have reached Kozhikode for on-ground testing



Posted On: 14 SEP 2023 7:02PM by PIB Delhi

Union Minister of State for Health and Family Welfare, Dr. Bharati Pravin Pawar reviewed steps taken for containment of Nipah virus outbreak in Kozhikode, Kerala, from the Indian Council of Medical Research – National Institute of Virology (ICMR-NIV), in Pune today.

After undertaking the review, Dr Pawar stated that “the Govt of India under the leadership of Hon’ble Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi and under the guidance of Hon’ble Health Minister Dr Mansukh Mandaviya is monitoring the situation and necessary steps for prevention of spread are being taken”.

Dr Pawar said that under the guidance of Union Health Minister Dr Mansukh Mandaviya, high level teams from the Centre and ICMR-NIV with mobile units equipped with BSL-3 laboratories have already reached Kozhikode and will be doing on-ground testing. She also declared that the affected gram panchayats in the Kozhikode area have been declared as quarantine zones. A multi-disciplinary team led by Dr Mala Chhabra has been deputed by Union Health Ministry to support the state in public health measures to deal with this outbreak.

image0028LQB.jpg


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The Union Minister assured that that the Union Health Ministry and the ICMR-NIV is monitoring the issue on a daily basis and all possible arrangements are being made by the central government to deal with the viral outbreak.

****

MV

HFW/MoS reviews steps taken on Nipah Virus/14[SUP]th[/SUP] Sept 2023/1


https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1957437
 
'Avoid travelling to Kerala': Karnataka issues health advisory after one more Nipah virus case reported Kozhikode

The total number of active cases of the Nipah virus has gone up to six in Kerala with two deaths recorded in the southern state

FP Staff Last Updated:September 15, 2023 11:58:22 IST​

snip

The total number of active cases of the Nipah virus has gone up to six in Kerala with two deaths recorded in the southern state.

In the circular, the Karnataka Health Department advised district authorities to “Set up check posts for fever surveillance at points of entry from Karnataka to Kerala. Intensify fever surveillance in bordering districts such as Chamarajanagar, Mysore, Kodagu, and Dakshin Kannada.”

snip

In addition to this, the Karnataka Health Department has advised people to avoid unnecessary travel from Karnataka to affected areas in Kerala.

more... https://www.firstpost.com/india/avo...h-virus-case-reported-kozhikode-13125812.html
 
CDC information page on Nipah:



Signs and Symptoms

Print
Infection with Nipah virus (NiV) can cause mild to severe disease, including swelling of the brain (encephalitis) and potentially death.

Symptoms typically appear in 4-14 days following exposure to the virus. The illness initially presents as 3-14 days of fever and headache, and often includes signs of respiratory illness, such as cough, sore throat, and difficulty breathing. A phase of brain swelling (encephalitis) may follow, where symptoms can include drowsiness, disorientation, and mental confusion, which can rapidly progress to coma within 24-48 hours.

Symptoms may initially include one or several of the following:
  • Fever
  • Headache
  • Cough
  • Sore throat
  • Difficulty breathing
  • Vomiting
Severe symptoms may follow, such as:
  • Disorientation, drowsiness, or confusion
  • Seizures
  • Coma
  • Brain swelling (encephalitis)
Death may occur in 40-75% of cases. Long-term side effects in survivors of Nipah virus infection have been noted, including persistent convulsions and personality changes.

Infections that lead to symptoms and sometimes death much later after exposure (known as dormant or latent infections) have also been reported months and even years after exposure.

Page last reviewed: October 6, 2020​

https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/nipah/symptoms/index.html
 
Kerala govt working to identify area, source of first Nipah case


The man who has been identified as the index case died on August 30 and it was only much later it was found that he was infected with Nipah.

Published: 16th September 2023 03:27 PM | Last Updated: 16th September 2023 03:34 PM


snip

The government was also focusing on completing contact tracing in respect of the sixth person who was confirmed, on Friday, to have been infected by the virus, the minister told reporters here.

more...https://www.newindianexpress.com/st...-area-source-of-first-nipah-case-2615498.html

​​​​​​​
 
Nipah Virus: Bangladesh Variant’s Claims 90% Fatality, Reveals Top Epidemiologist

Monitor News Desk by Monitor News Desk Sep. 16, 2023 Updated 9:24 pm. IST
...
Health Minister, Veena George, revealed on September 13 that the Nipah cases detected in the state were attributed to the Bangladesh strain. Dr. Gangakhedkar explained that this strain is associated with respiratory distress syndrome, causing patients to experience breathlessness as an initial symptom, often leading to the use of ventilators.

While the Malaysian strain of Nipah is recognized for manifesting neurological symptoms, the Bangladesh strain stands out for its remarkably high fatality rate. Dr. Gangakhedkar stated that it claims the lives of approximately nine out of every ten infected individuals. In the first outbreak, 89% of the 23 infected patients succumbed to the virus.
...

https://www.thekashmirmonitor.net/n...laims-90-fatality-reveals-top-epidemiologist/
 
Translation Google

Nipah prevention activity: Central team visited Kuttyadi

r_1694847688.jpg


As part of finding the source of the Nipah virus, the central team conducted an inspection in Kuttyadi, Kozhikode. The group visited the house of a resident of Kallad in Maruthonkara panchayat who died due to Nipah. The team reached the house of the deceased person and visited the house and its surroundings, the relative's house and the fields near the house where the deceased person might have gone.

After inspecting the deceased person's house and surroundings, the team also looked at fruit trees in the nearby garden. The team visited the nearby family home and inquired about the work and other details of the deceased person before he contracted the disease.
A member of the bat survey team, scientist at National Institute of Virology Center Kerala Unit, Dr. A four-member team led by Balasubramaniam reached Kuttyadi. Hanul Thukral, M. Santhosh Kumar and Gajendrasingh are in the team. District Medical Technical Assistant, Kuttyadi Taluk Hospital Superintendent, Kuttyadi, Maruthonkara Panchayat health department staff, Asha workers etc. accompanied the team.


https://keralanews.gov.in/23524/Var...-in-chirayinkeezhu-taluk-was-inaugurated.html


-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Nipah: Health department to seek police help to find contact list of positives

r_1694709308.jpg


Health Minister Veena George in the Nipa review meeting directed to seek police help to find the contact list of those who have been confirmed with Nipah virus through mobile location. Samples of 15 people on the high-risk contact list were sent for testing on September 14. Mask made mandatory in Kozhikode district. N.I.V. Pune's mobile team is ready. Also the mobile team of Rajiv Gandhi Center for Biotechnology is also coming. Isolation wards have been set up in private hospitals as part of Plan B in case of an increase in cases. The Minister instructed KMSCL to ensure additional supply of medicines and safety materials.

The review meeting was held under the leadership of ministers Veena George and Muhammad Riaz. Minister Muhammad Riaz said that a comprehensive meeting will be held tomorrow.

Central team also visited Kozhikode. The central team evaluated the activities and expressed their satisfaction.

As part of Nipah surveillance, 234 new people were detected on September 14. A total of 950 people are now in the Nipa contact list. 213 of them are in the high risk list. 287 health workers are in the contact list. 4 people in private hospitals are in high risk category. 17 people are also under observation at Kozhikode Medical College. Collected the necessary information for the route map of the person posted on Wednesday.

The expert team, health workers and others under the community medicine department visited the field and collected the data. As part of Telemanus, health workers called high-risk individuals and ensured psychological support.

Principal Secretary, Health Department, N.H.M. Director of State Mission, Kozhikode District Collector, Director of Health Department, Director of Medical Education Department, Additional Directors, District Medical Officer, District Program Manager etc. participated in the meeting.


https://keralanews.gov.in/2569/1/Ke...-contact-list-of-Nipah-positive-patients.html
 
Translation Google

Nipah: Restrictions imposed at Beypur Harbor and Port

r_1694887918.jpg


In the case of Nipah virus reported in Kozhikode Cheruvannur, District Collector A. Geetha ordered.

Restrictions have been imposed due to the risk of infection due to the daily arrival of many people from outside the Beypur ward at the fish landing centers and harbours. Fishermen, those engaged in fishing, traders and auction participants should take precautionary measures. The restrictions will continue until the containment zone is withdrawn.

Boats are not allowed to dock or land fish at Beypur Harbor or Fish Landing Centers until further notice. Boats and boats that have gone out for fishing should be docked at Vellail Fish Landing Center or Puthappa Fish Landing Center. Fish can be landed here and the systems of these fish landing centers and harbors can be used for auctioning and trading.

The facilities at Beypur Harbor for fish trading and fish auction cannot be utilized until further orders. The necessary steps to lock them were taken by the Deputy Director of Fisheries, Asst. and the Director will accept. The Fisheries Department will take steps to inform the workers who went fishing about these matters through VHF or other communication systems.

Facilities for boats, boats and ships from Beypur to land and trade fish will be provided at Vellail Fish Landing Center and Puthappa Harbour. The District Police Chief will take necessary steps for effective implementation of the regulations. The order also said that the assistance of the Coastal Police will be utilized.


https://keralanews.gov.in/23528/Res...bor-and-port-due-to-nipah-virus-outbreak.html
 
Nipah Virus in Kerala Live Updates: 42 more samples test negative for Nipah, says Kerala health minister


No fresh positive cases of Nipah virus were reported in the state on Saturday. However, five more persons who came into contact with those infected have been placed in isolation at a Kozhikode hospital. They have only minor symptoms and all their samples will be tested, said health minister Veena George. Meanwhile, Kozhikode district collector A Geetha ordered that all educational in stitutions, including coaching and tuition centres, should transition to online teaching mode until September 23 in view of the outbreak.

more.... https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com...-symptoms-restrictions/liveblog/103704482.cms
 
Translation Google

NIPAH PREVENTION- SITUATION UNDER CONTROL IN DISTRICTS

September 18, 2023

Districts should remain vigilant

Even though no new Nipah cases are being reported in the state, districts should remain vigilant. The situation is under control. However, it should be observed constantly and action should be taken as per the protocol. Those on the contact list should remain in isolation for 21 days from the day of contact. A meeting of District Medical Officers of Kozhikode, Thrissur, Malappuram, Wayanad, Palakkad and Kannur was held.

The meeting evaluated the isolation and treatment systems of each district. Apart from Kozhikode, other districts are also working cautiously. 45 people are in quarantine in other districts. Prevention activities have been strengthened by conducting fever surveillance and expert committee meetings in the districts.

Nipah prevention activities are continuing strongly at the state level. State RRT also issued necessary guidelines. A state level control room is functioning in the health department directorate. As a part of surveillance in all districts, instructions were given to strengthen surveillance. An ambulance and isolation wards have also been set up separately in every district. E Sanjeevani telemedicine service has been strengthened. A psychosocial support team has been formed as part of Telemanus for psychological support. About 6000 people including District Surveillance Officers, Medical Officers, Nursing Officers, Health Supervisors, Health Inspectors, Paramedical Staff, Nursing Assistants etc. of all districts have been trained on Nipah disease.

https://minister-health.kerala.gov.in/നിപ-പ്രതിരോധം-ജില്ലകളിൽ/
 
Translation Google

Nipa Prevention: Special committee to coordinate activities of Forest Department

18th of September 2023

Forest and Wildlife Conservation Minister AK Saseendran has said that a special committee has been formed to coordinate the activities of the Forest Department in Nipah virus prevention activities in Kozhikode district. In the event that studies have shown the presence of Nipah virus in bats, as they are protected species under the Wildlife Protection Act, timely intervention of forest officials is required to catch the bats and take further action. Advice from bat scientists and veterinarians is also needed in this regard. The minister also informed that a special committee has been formed to coordinate such activities.

Liaise with the District Administration and Health Department, ensure all necessary co-operation from the Forest Department, assist in obtaining all permits promptly for catching and sending bats for testing, provide expert advice on measures to avoid the possibility of bat-to-human transmission of the virus, feeding habits of various species of bats, and direct or indirect contact with humans. The committee's mandate is to provide expert advice on measures to prevent exposure.Bats are not to be feared; Caution is required

The animal protection department officer said that bats are wild animals belonging to the mammal category and should not be afraid of them and caution is required.

Pteropus fruit bats/doorflies that have been found to be infected with Nipah virus have not been reported to become ill or die from Nipah virus. They are large and tend to grow in trees. When they are harmed, frightened or altered in their habitat, the stress increases the level of the virus in the body and the virus is expelled through body fluids. This can increase the spread of disease.Other bats/squirrels that are smaller and feed on small insects and lizards are found in wells, caves, low-rise buildings and under bridges. Animal protection department officer informed that bats which have been living with humans for ages can live cautiously without fear.

https://keralanews.gov.in/23531/Spe...rdinate-activities-of-Forest-Department-.html

-------------------------------------------

NIPA: 61 people tested negative

18th of September 2023

Health Minister Veena George informed that 61 people belonging to the high risk category have tested negative. The health condition of the patients currently under treatment is satisfactory. The health condition of the nine-year-old boy who is on ventilator is improving, the minister said. The minister was speaking to the media after a review meeting held at the Collectorate conference hall to review the activities in the containment zone.

The 19 core committees formed as a part of defense activities are functioning well. The central team is also testing saliva samples from the bats. Efforts are also underway to add those left out to the contact list.

The mobile tower location was checked with the help of the police to find the source of the virus in the first patient. The minister also said that the activities of the police in the containment zone as part of Nipah prevention activities are exemplary. Exemplary interaction was done from the top officials down to the lower floors.

The minister said that the police have been informed to report any unusual deaths in the district. Exemplary activities for the good of Kozhikode are seen from the public.

Public Works and Tourism Department Minister PA Muhammad Riaz said that the police department plays a very crucial role in Nipa prevention activities. The popular policing system of the government was implemented in the district in a good way. The minister appreciated the police officers of the district for their excellent involvement in Nipah prevention activities.

At present, three bridges are closed as part of the containment zone when entering Kozhikode from Malappuram district. The district administration and the police system will prepare alternative systems to access the national highway from controlled panchayats.

District Collector A Geetha, Sub Collector V Chelsasini, Assistant Collector Prateek Jain, District Superintendent of Police (Kozhikode City) Rajpal Meena, City DCP K. E Baiju and various police officers were present.

https://keralanews.gov.in/23535/-Nipah-review-meeting-Kozhikode-.html

----------------------------------------------------

NIPA: Central Animal Welfare Expert Group, Kozhikode

19th of September 2023

An online review meeting was held under the chairmanship of Animal Welfare Department Minister J Chinchu Rani regarding Nipa prevention activities in Kozhikode district. The current activities and further steps were discussed in the meeting. Central Animal Welfare Expert Group attended the meeting. Joint Commissioners in the Central Government Dr. H. R Khanna, Dr. Dr. Vijayakumar Tiotya, Principal Scientist, IC A R N I H S A D Bhopal. Ashwin Raut, SRDDL Bangalore Scientist Dr. Shankar BP is in the central group.

With the help of the Forest Department and Local Self-Government Department, the expert team started collecting samples from domestic animals, pigs and bats in Nipa-confirmed areas.

State Animal Welfare Department Secretary Dr. Dr. Pranab Jyoti, Director of Animal Husbandry Department. A Kaushik, senior official from the State Institute for Animal Diseases, . Doctors from Kerala Veterinary and Animal Science University also participated in the review meeting.


https://keralanews.gov.in/23549/Nipah:-Central-Team-of-Animal-Welfare-Experts-at-Kozhikode.html
 
Nipah virus updates: 1,233 contacts traced, 352 high-risk; 61 tested negative

BySanskriti Falor
Sep 18, 2023 05:39 PM IST
Kerala has so far confirmed a total of six cases of Nipah infection since the latest outbreak in the Kozhikode district...

​... Here are the latest updates on the virus:
  1. The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and World Health Organisation conducted studies and it was found that nine states in India have the probability of Nipah occurrence and Kerala is one among them, George said.
  2. A total of 1,233 contacts, of the people infected, have been identified and the Kerala government has categorised them as ‘high-risk’ contacts, 352, and low-risk contacts. All of them are under isolation.
  3. The state government has set up a control room to battle the virus.
  4. The Kerala government has set up 19 teams in the core committee as per the Nipah protocol, which was modified in 2021 and in 2023. While the central teams are in the field and have been surveying all the relevant locations.
  5. The results of the genomic sequencing, in order to confirm that there was no second wave of the Nipah outbreak, will be available by evening or on Tuesday, George said speaking to PTI.
  6. As per George, samples from around 36 bats have been sent to Pune's National Institute of Virology (NIV) to discover the presence of Nipah virus among mammals.
  7. The virus found in Kerala has been identified as the Indian Genotype or I-Genotype and is similar to the strain found in Bangladesh. There are two known strains of the Nipah Virus — one is Malaysian and the other from Bangladesh.
  8. While the incubation period of the Nipah virus — including containment and quarantine — is 21 days, the Kerala government has enforced a double incubation period of 42 days since the last positive case of the virus reported.
  9. George said the situation in Kerala is under control. All the new samples tested of the contacts of the infected victims — today, yesterday, and day before yesterday — have come out to be negative.
​:tiphat:https://www.hindustantimes.com/indi...d-kerala-kozhikode-101695032766270.html​​​​​​
 
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