FAO AI Bulletin

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All posts in this thread are from http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/subjects/en/health/diseases-cards/avian_update.html




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Avian Influenza - FAO Situation Summary ​

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</td> </tr> <tr width="100" valign="top"> <td>Summary of situation: 27 January 2004 - Issue 1
</td></tr> <tr width="100" valign="top"> <td class="bodytext">Vietnam, Japan and Thailand have officially reported highly pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) to the Office International des Epizooties (OIE) in domestic poultry. A migrating wild bird was also found positive to HPAI (H5N1) in Hong Kong SAR and officially declared to OIE.
Low pathogenic strain of avian influenza virus was identified in Tapei China (H5N2).
In Pakistan, Avian Influenza (Type H7 and H9) was reported. Some 5 millions birds are estimated to have died since end of November. Slaughter of infected flocks is advocated but locally produced formalin vaccine is also being produced.
In South Korea, a report mentioned that the bird flu virus discovered was different from the one that killed six people in Vietnam. CDC (US) said that the H5N1 strain had a different genetic sequence and therefore is believed to come from a different source. The human bird flu cases were reported in South Korea (less pathogenic strain for humans ?).
There are ongoing rumours of HPAI in China.
There are some concerns in Bangladesh where 14 children have died after possible contacts with poultry. The symptoms included high fever, headache, tendency to vomit, diarrhea and loss of consciousness. "Dr Jahangir Hossain of the International Center for Diarrhea Diseases Research did not rule out the possibility of contraction from local poultry or other farm animals, but ruled out malaria, meningitis or encephalitis." Samples were sent to CDC.
</td></tr> <tr width="100" valign="top"> <td align="center">Countries affected as of 27/01/2004 - Official notification to OIE
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</td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td> <table align="center" bgcolor="#999999" border="0" bordercolor="#999999" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="1" width="350"> <tbody><tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="menulinks_tab_col" width="25%">country
</td> <td class="menulinks_tab_col">date reported
</td> <td class="menulinks_tab_col">species
</td> <td class="menulinks_tab_col">virus type
</td> <td class="menulinks_tab_col">humans affected
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Vietnam
</td> <td class="bodytext">8/01/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">domestic poultry
</td> <td class="bodytext">H5N1
</td> <td class="bodytext">yes
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Thailand
</td> <td class="bodytext">23/01/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">domestic poultry
</td> <td class="bodytext">H5N1
</td> <td class="bodytext">yes
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Japan
</td> <td class="bodytext">12/01/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">domestic poultry
</td> <td class="bodytext">H5
</td> <td class="bodytext">no
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Taipei, China
</td> <td class="bodytext">20/01/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">domestic poultry
</td> <td class="bodytext">H5N2
</td> <td class="bodytext">no
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Hong Kong, SAR
</td> <td class="bodytext">26/01/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">wild bird
</td> <td class="bodytext">H5N1
</td> <td class="bodytext">no

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</td> </tr> <tr width="100" valign="top"> <td align="left">Other Issues: Trade
</td></tr> <tr width="100" valign="top"> <td class="bodytext">Some facts about Thailand:
The 4th largest poultry exporter, after the US, Brazil, and the EU. Approximately 40 percent it's estimated production of 1.5 million tonnes is exported. These exports of over 500,000 tonnes are valued at approximately US$1 billion.
The largest markets for Thai poultry exports (which mainly consist of uncooked processed chicken products and boneless skinless breast meat) are Japan and the EU (50 percent and 35 percent respectively of total exports).
Thailand supplies approximately 25 percent of EU imports of poultry meat from third countries (estimated at 172,000 tonnes in 2002 out of total EU imports of 700,000 tonnes). The largest EU importers of Thai chicken meat are the UK, Germand, and the Netherlands. Thailand supplied approximately 16, 10, and 19 percent of their respective imports (including intra-trade).
Chicken prices are down slightly this year in the EU. While a ban on Thai chicken will leave a deficit in the market for white meat going into processing, it is likely that the Brazilians, a competitive producer of similar type of product, will move to supply the gap.
In the Japanese market, domestic poultry supplies are dropping as AI infected flocks are disposed of and imports are banned from Thailand (Thailand accounts for thirty percent of Japanese poultry imports). Meanwhile, a ban on US and Canadian beef due to BSE will push prices of all meats higher.
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[MHSC]

Re: FAO AI Bulletin

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Avian Influenza - FAO Situation Summary ​

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</td> </tr> <tr width="100" valign="top"> <td>Summary of situation: 29 January 2004 - Issue 2
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext"> As of 30/1/2004 and according to different media reports, HPAI has been reported in Vietnam, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Japan, Korea, Indonesia and China.
Chinese Government announced on 28/01/2004 the presence of H5N1 in the Southern part of the country.
In Taiwan Province of China, HPAI (H5N1) was isolated from smuggled duck in Quemoy Island in December 2003 (an island of the Taiwan, Province of China close to the mainland).
OIE official notification (HPAI - H5N1): Vietnam, Japan and Thailand, and Hong-Kong SAR (only in a wild bird found positive); Korea (H5N1/different genetic sequence), and Pakistan (H7).
In Thailand, death of wild birds in the sanctuary park is also observed.
Other strains:
In Taiwan Province of China, avian influenza virus was identified in southern counties (H5N2, low pathogenic strain). The use of smuggled vaccine is suspected as the cause.
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</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Under investigation / rumours and suspicions:
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext"> In Bangladesh, death of several thousand chickens near Dhaka in the past week was reported, about 12 000 chickens died in the Bhogra, Khuda Boromi, Mariali, and Noujor areas. Vaccine is suspected to be the cause of the deaths (vaccine against Ranikhet Disease Virus). Under investigation.
Children deaths were reported in Bangladesh, the most affected area being Goalundo, 67km west of the Bangladeshi capital Dhaka. Dr Tapash Ahmed (who is treating patients in the worst-hit area) was reported as saying: "I can categorically say there is no link with this disease and bird flu. We are quite sure that it is viral encephalitis (inflammation of the brain), but we don't know what strain it is due to lack equipment." A ministry statement said urine and blood samples from the sick had been sent to the US for tests. The results are expected within a fortnight.
In Saudi Arabia, death of several thousand chickens was reported in Al- Ehsaa and Riyadh area. In recent months similar cases were seen in some of western, central, and eastern areas resulted in 40 - 60% losses. An isolated case of avian influenza suspected in one poultry farms in the Eastern Province.
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</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Control strategies currently in implementation (summary in the table below):
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext">Countries that are planning/starting mass slaughter of poultry are: Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia, Pakistan, China (mainland), Taipei China
Vaccination has been started/ordered in: China (south), Taipei China, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Pakistan.
Table: Control strategies currently in implementation

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Control strategies currently in implementation​

</td> </tr> <tr><td class="bodytext"> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext"> <table align="center" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <td class="graysidebar">Country
</td> <td class="graysidebar">Control measures
</td> <td class="graysidebar">
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Korea
</td> <td class="bodytext">- Stamping out
- Movement control
- No vaccination
- Surveillance
</td> <td class="bodytext">- Import ban
- Quarantine
- Screening
- Disinfection
- Zoning
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Vietnam
</td> <td class="bodytext">- Modified stamping out
- Movement control
</td> <td class="bodytext">- Quarantine
- Screening
- Control of wildlife reservoirs
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Japan
</td> <td class="bodytext">- stamping out
- Movement control
- No vaccination
- Surveillance
</td> <td class="bodytext">- Import ban
- Quarantine
- Disinfection
- Screening
</td> </tr><tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Taiwan Province of China
</td> <td class="bodytext">- Stamping out
</td> <td class="bodytext">- Import ban
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Thailand
</td> <td class="bodytext">- Stamping out
- Movement control
- No Vaccination
</td> <td class="bodytext">- Quarantine
- Screening
- Zoning
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Cambodia
</td> <td class="bodytext">- Stamping out
- Movement control
</td> <td class="bodytext">- Disinfection
- Quarantine
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Hong Kong, SAR
</td> <td class="bodytext">- Vaccination
- Surveillance
</td> <td class="bodytext">- Import ban
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">China
</td> <td class="bodytext">- Stamping out
- Vaccination
</td> <td class="bodytext">- Import ban
- Disinfection
- Market control
- Quarantine
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Lao, PDR
</td> <td class="bodytext">- Stamping out
- Movement control
- Surveillance
</td> <td class="bodytext">- Import ban
- Quarantine
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Pakistan
</td> <td class="bodytext">- Stamping out
- Movement control
- Vaccination
</td> <td class="bodytext">- Import ban
- Quarantine
- Zoning
- Control wild reservoirs
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Indonesia
</td> <td class="bodytext">- Stamping out
- vaccination planned
- surveillance
</td> <td class="bodytext">
</td></tr> </tbody></table> Source of information: OIE official reports, press releases, media reports, gphin.
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</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext">Table: Countries Affected as of 29/01/2004

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Countries affected (as of 29/01/2004)​

</td> </tr> <tr><td class="bodytext"> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext"> <table align="center" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" width="600"> <tbody><tr> <td class="graysidebar">Country
</td> <td class="graysidebar">date reported
</td> <td class="graysidebar">source*
</td> <td class="graysidebar">type
</td> <td class="graysidebar">Animals affected
</td> <td class="graysidebar">Humans affected
</td> <td class="graysidebar">comments
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Korea
</td> <td class="bodytext">15/12/2003
</td> <td class="bodytext">OIE
</td> <td class="bodytext">H5N1
</td> <td class="bodytext">broilers and ducks
</td> <td class="bodytext">no
</td> <td class="bodytext">Since 13/12, 16 additional chicken farms were hit by the disease (January 2004)
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Vietnam
</td> <td class="bodytext">8/01/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">OIE
</td> <td class="bodytext">H5 (N1)
</td> <td class="bodytext">Broilers
</td> <td class="bodytext">yes
</td> <td class="bodytext">28 provinces affected so far
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Japan
</td> <td class="bodytext">12/01/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">OIE
</td> <td class="bodytext">H5
</td> <td class="bodytext">Layers
</td> <td class="bodytext">no
</td> <td class="bodytext">under control
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Taiwan, Province of China
</td> <td class="bodytext">20/01/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">OIE
</td> <td class="bodytext">H5N2
</td> <td class="bodytext">Layers, native chickens
</td> <td class="bodytext">no
</td> <td class="bodytext">Changhwa , Chiayi and Tainan Prefectures, low pathogenic
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Thailand
</td> <td class="bodytext">23/01/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">OIE
</td> <td class="bodytext">H5 (N1)
</td> <td class="bodytext">Layers
</td> <td class="bodytext">yes
</td> <td class="bodytext">31 provinces affected in total
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Cambodia
</td> <td class="bodytext">24/01/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">OIE
</td> <td class="bodytext">H5
</td> <td class="bodytext">Layers
</td> <td class="bodytext">no
</td> <td class="bodytext">
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Hong Kong, SAR
</td> <td class="bodytext">26/01/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">OIE
</td> <td class="bodytext">H5N1
</td> <td class="bodytext">Peregrine falcon
</td> <td class="bodytext">no
</td> <td class="bodytext">wild birds
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">China
</td> <td class="bodytext">26/01/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">gphin, announcement from the Chinese government
</td> <td class="bodytext">H5N1
</td> <td class="bodytext">duck and chicken
</td> <td class="bodytext">no
</td> <td class="bodytext">Guangxi autonomous region, Hunan and Hubei provinces. 23 + 6 people under health surveillance.
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Lao, PDR
</td> <td class="bodytext">27/01/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">OIE
</td> <td class="bodytext">H5
</td> <td class="bodytext">layers
</td> <td class="bodytext">no
</td> <td class="bodytext">
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Pakistan
</td> <td class="bodytext">28/01/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">OIE
</td> <td class="bodytext">H7(&H9?)
</td> <td class="bodytext">layers
</td> <td class="bodytext">no
</td> <td class="bodytext">
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Indonesia
</td> <td class="bodytext">29/01/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">OIE
</td> <td class="bodytext">H5N1
</td> <td class="bodytext">Chickens
</td> <td class="bodytext">suspected
</td> <td class="bodytext">chicken have been dying since August (Bogor, Sukabumi and Bekasi)
</td></tr> </tbody></table> * Official (OIE) and non official Information (ProMed, press agencies, tracking systems?)
** Gphin: Global Public Health Intelligence Network (Health Canada)
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</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Actions taken - follow-up
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext">Expert consultation (control strategies) - planned on Tuesday 3rd February and Wednesday morning.
FAO is requesting its Regional Representatives/contacts in Myanmar, Saudi Arabia, Bangladesh, Indonesia for further information on poultry deaths
A request for further information has also been sent to the Permanent representative of China.
Technical Cooperation projects in the pipeline:
Animal Health Service (AGAH), Technical Cooperation Programme Service (TCOT) and Emergency Operations Service (TCEO) have jointly worked on a project model for countries requesting assistance to address the emergency situation resulting from the avian flu epidemic.
At this stage we expect at least six requests for assistance, but the number of countries may further increase.
This project model foresees some standard inputs (experts, materials, equipment, training, general operating expenses, etc.), which could be adjusted in a flexible manner to the actual needs. This would enables the Organization to make an immediate commitment, while allowing country-specific adjustments to be made at a later date to take account of specific local needs, as well as commitments by other donors.
At least one regional Technical Cooperation Programme (TCP) is also in preparation and will focus on regional networking and epidemiology.
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[MHSC]

Re: FAO AI Bulletin

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Avian Influenza - FAO Situation Summary ​

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</td> </tr> <tr width="100" valign="top"> <td>Summary of situation: 02 February 2004 (Issue No.3)
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext"> As of 2/2/2004 and according to different media reports, Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) - H5N1 has been reported in Vietnam, Thailand, Cambodia, Lao PDR, Japan, Korea, Indonesia and China.
Chinese Government announced the presence of HPAI (H5N1) in the country on 28/01/2004, and now it is suspected to have spread into its Southern and Central part. On 01/02/2004, five new suspected cases are reported in Yongkang City (Zhejiang Province) Yichang City (Hubei Province), Chenggong County (Yunnan Province), Pingyu County (Henan Province) and the No 12 Farming Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region).
In Taiwan Province of China, HPAI (H5N1) was isolated from smuggled red-faced ducks in Quemoy Island in 21/12/2003. The ducks were found floating in the ocean off Quemoy by the coast guard. According to the genetic sequencing tests carried out by the Animal Health Research Institute, the virus shows 96 percent match with the virus found in Vietnam.
OIE official notification on HPAI: [H5N1]Vietnam, Japan, Thailand, Cambodia, China, Indonesia and Hong Kong SAR (only in a wild bird found positive); Korea (H5N1/different genetic sequence); Lao PDR (H5:N yet not known); [H7]Pakistan.
Death of wild birds in the sanctuary park is also observed in Thailand.
Other strains:
In Taiwan Province of China, avian influenza virus was identified in southern counties (H5N2, low pathogenic strain). The use of smuggled vaccine is suspected as the cause.
Pakistan declared the presence of HPAI (H7) around Karachi on 28/01/2004. Inactivated vaccine has been used to control the disease.
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</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Under investigation / rumours and suspicions:
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext"> Vaccination against Ranikhet Disease is suspected as the cause of chicken death near Dhaka, Bangladesh (see previous issue). Investigation was carried out by national authorities and HPAI was ruled out as the possible cause of the deaths.
Children deaths reported in Bangladesh near Dhaka (see issue No. 1). Samples were sent to CDC/USA for tests and the result shows it is closely related to the Nipah and Hendra viruses that cause encephalitis.
In Saudi Arabia, death of several thousand chickens was reported in Al-Ehsaa and Riyadh area. Further information is required.
In Nepal 23 people have died due to the outbreak of an unusual respiratory disease in remote districts of Bajura and Jajarkot. Situation under investigation.
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</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Control strategies currently in implementation (summary in the table below):
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext">Countries that are planning/starting mass slaughter of poultry are: Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia, Pakistan, China, Taiwan Province of China
Vaccination has been started/ordered in: China (Central & Southern), Taiwan Province of China, Hong Kong SAR, Indonesia, and Pakistan.
Table: Number of birds dead/slaughtered and its percentage to the total population and to the GDP by country

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Number of birds dead/slaughtered and its percentage to the total population and to the GDP by country​

</td> </tr> <tr><td class="bodytext"> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext"> <table align="center" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <td class="graysidebar">
</td> <td class="graysidebar">Bird Culled
(million birds)
</td> <td class="graysidebar">Poultry bird stock
(million birds)
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Vietnam
</td> <td class="bodytext">8
</td> <td class="bodytext">223
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Thailand
</td> <td class="bodytext">25.9
</td> <td class="bodytext">150
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Rep. of Korea
</td> <td class="bodytext">2.5
</td> <td class="bodytext">115
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Taiwan Province of China
</td> <td class="bodytext">0.055
</td> <td class="bodytext">134
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Japan
</td> <td class="bodytext">0.035
</td> <td class="bodytext">283
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Indonesia
</td> <td class="bodytext">4.7
</td> <td class="bodytext">900
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Cambodia
</td> <td class="bodytext">Na
</td> <td class="bodytext">23
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">China
</td> <td class="bodytext">Na
</td> <td class="bodytext">4,662
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Lao PDR
</td> <td class="bodytext">Na
</td> <td class="bodytext">17
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Pakistan
</td> <td class="bodytext">4
</td> <td class="bodytext">157
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Total
</td> <td class="bodytext">45.19
</td> <td class="bodytext">6.664
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Table: Control strategies currently in implementation
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</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext">Table: Countries Affected as of 02/02/2004

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Countries affected (as of 02/02/2004)​

</td> </tr> <tr><td class="bodytext"> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext"> <table align="center" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" width="600"> <tbody><tr> <td class="graysidebar">Country
</td> <td class="graysidebar">date reported
</td> <td class="graysidebar">source*
</td> <td class="graysidebar">type
</td> <td class="graysidebar">Animals affected
</td> <td class="graysidebar">Humans affected
</td> <td class="graysidebar">comments
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Korea
</td> <td class="bodytext">15/12/2003
</td> <td class="bodytext">OIE
</td> <td class="bodytext">H5N1
</td> <td class="bodytext">broilers, ducks and quail
</td> <td class="bodytext">no
</td> <td class="bodytext">
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Vietnam
</td> <td class="bodytext">8/01/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">OIE
</td> <td class="bodytext">H5N1
</td> <td class="bodytext">Broilers
</td> <td class="bodytext">yes
</td> <td class="bodytext">> 40 provinces
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Japan
</td> <td class="bodytext">12/01/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">OIE
</td> <td class="bodytext">H5N1
</td> <td class="bodytext">Layers
</td> <td class="bodytext">no
</td> <td class="bodytext">under control
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Taiwan Province of China
</td> <td class="bodytext">20/01/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">OIE
</td> <td class="bodytext">H5N2
</td> <td class="bodytext">Layers, native chickens, duck
</td> <td class="bodytext">no
</td> <td class="bodytext">low pathogenic
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Thailand
</td> <td class="bodytext">23/01/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">OIE
</td> <td class="bodytext">H5 (N1)
</td> <td class="bodytext">Layers
</td> <td class="bodytext">yes
</td> <td class="bodytext">32 provinces
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Cambodia
</td> <td class="bodytext">24/01/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">OIE
</td> <td class="bodytext">H5N1
</td> <td class="bodytext">Layers
</td> <td class="bodytext">no
</td> <td class="bodytext">
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Hong Kong, SAR
</td> <td class="bodytext">26/01/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">OIE
</td> <td class="bodytext">H5N1
</td> <td class="bodytext">Peregrine falcon
</td> <td class="bodytext">no
</td> <td class="bodytext">wild birds
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">China
</td> <td class="bodytext">26/01/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">gphin and Chinese government
</td> <td class="bodytext">H5N1
</td> <td class="bodytext">duck and chicken
</td> <td class="bodytext">no
</td> <td class="bodytext">Guangxi autonomous region, Hunan and Hubei provinces (confirmed); Anhui, Shanghai and Guangdong (suspected)
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Lao, PDR
</td> <td class="bodytext">27/01/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">OIE
</td> <td class="bodytext">H5N1
</td> <td class="bodytext">layers
</td> <td class="bodytext">no
</td> <td class="bodytext">
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Pakistan
</td> <td class="bodytext">28/01/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">OIE
</td> <td class="bodytext">H7
</td> <td class="bodytext">layers
</td> <td class="bodytext">no
</td> <td class="bodytext">
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Indonesia
</td> <td class="bodytext">29/01/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">OIE
</td> <td class="bodytext">H5N1
</td> <td class="bodytext">Chickens
</td> <td class="bodytext">suspected
</td> <td class="bodytext">chicken have been dying since August
</td></tr> </tbody></table> *Official (OIE) and non official Information (ProMed, press agencies, tracking systems.)
** Gphin: Global Public Health Intelligence Network (Health Canada)
</td></tr></tbody></table>

</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>

</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Actions taken - follow-up
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext">Expert consultation (control strategies) taking place 3-4 February 2004 at the FAO Headquaters
The expected outcome will be a series of documents that provide aspects of Epidemiology, Vaccination, Slaughter/Disposal/ Food Safety, Protection, and Recovery guidelines to tackle Avian Influenza.
Joint FAO/OIE/WHO regional meeting in Bangkok (end of February)
A joint FAO/OIE/WHO regional meeting is planned in Bangkok to strengthen the coordination of control programmes implemented.
Joint FAO/OIE/WHO tripartite meeting scheduled for 4-5 February 2004, FAO Headquarters
The technical consultation above-mentioned will be followed by the yearly tripartite FAO/OIE/WHO meeting which will focus on the joint FAO/OIE initiative called "The Global Framework for the Control of Transboundary Diseases (GF-TADs)".
Messages sent to FAORs/contacts in Myanmar, Saudi Arabia, Bangladesh and East Timor for further information on poultry deaths.
Technical Cooperation Programme (TCP) projects in the pipeline:
FAO is preparing Technical Cooperation Projects (TCPs) for countries requesting assistance to curb the spread of HPAI as well as a regional TCP that will focus on emergency control of the disease, regional networking and epidemiology.
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Avian Influenza - FAO Situation Summary ​

</td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>

</td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>

</td> </tr> <tr width="100" valign="top"> <td>Summary of situation: 08 February 2004 (Issue No.4)
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext"> According to different media reports, HPAI - H5N1 has been reported in Viet Nam, Thailand, Cambodia, Lao PDR, Japan, Korea, Indonesia and China.
China: On 08/02/2004, Xishan district of Kunming City (Yunnan province), Xigu district of Lanzhou City (Gansu province). The previously reported suspected cases in Ezhou City (Hubei province), Pingyu county (Henan province), Guangde County, Yushan District of Ma'anshan City, Jieshou City, and Yingzhou District of Fuyang City (Anhui Province) and Qingyunpu district of Nanchang City and Guixi City (Jiangxi Province) are confirmed as H5N1 by the National AI Reference Lab. The total numbers of confirmed /suspected outbreaks are now 31.
Viet Nam: new cases were reported in North, Central and South Viet Nam on 04/02/2004. The Ministry of Health informed that 2 additional cases were confirmed.
Thailand: The government reported on 04/02/2004 two more human cases suspected, while ruling out on previously suspected case.
Cambodia: Two outbreaks of bird flu have been reported in the suburbs of Phnom Penh on 05/02/2004 as well as a third one at the Tamao Zoo (47 kms south of the capital).
South Korea: Ducks at two farms in Asan, Chungchong-namdo province (90 Km south of Seoul) were confirmed to have been infected.
Other strains:
In Taiwan Province of China, eight more farms found to be affected with avian influenza virus (H5N2, low pathogenic strain). Outbreaks are found in its Northern, Central and Southern counties.
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>

</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Under investigation / rumours and suspicions / other information:
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext"> China: Death of wild finches were observed near Shanghai in the city of Tai Zho, Jiangsu Province.
Thailand: Dead birds found at Dusit Zoo were tested at Mahidol University, and the early lab tests detected the H5 strain in crows, but did not reveal whether it is N1 strain. Tests were also conducted on city birds, on 06/02/2004, including pigeons and sparrows at Sanam Luang national park where 20 dead birds found.
Nepal: More than 200 chickens died in the past 10 days in Bara district.
India: In Dhubri district, lower Assam, about 1,000 poultry birds had died since January but none of the villages reported deaths in one day or in a large batch. A survey was conducted in 29 villages and the results determined the cause of the deaths due to coccidiosis, chronic respiratory disease and bacilliary white diarrhoea.
Malaysia: A chicken breeder in Kuala Sedaka has been dumping chicken carcasses from his farm into Sungai Sedaka River.

</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>

</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Control strategies currently in implementation (summary in the table below):
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext">Countries that are planning/starting mass slaughter of poultry are: Thailand, Viet Nam, Indonesia, Pakistan, China, Taiwan Province of China
Vaccination has been started/ordered in: China (Central & Southern), Taiwan province of China, Hong Kong SAR, Indonesia, and Pakistan.
Vehicle control at major route started in China.
Thailand will report the country's updated situation everyday in response to the call for global cooperation in stopping the spread of the avian influenza, including transparent reports on situations made by the FAO/OIE/WHO Technical Consultation on the Control of Avian Influenza.
Table: Control strategies currently in implementation
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>

</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext">Table: Countries Affected as of 02/02/2004
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>

</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Actions taken - follow-up
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext">FAO/OIE/WHO Technical Consultation on the Control of Avian Influenza 3 - 4 February 2004, Conclusions and recommendations
On 5 February 2004, the Office International des Epizooties (OIE), the World Health Organization (WHO) with the assistance of some 25 experts from different organizations, institutes, and governments made a series of recommendations regarding HPAI control after the two-day meeting. The recommendations are as follows:
1. Animal and human health and rural livelihoods be taken into consideration when developing control and restructuring programmes.
2. Public education and veterinary training, and national and regional capacity building be an important part of the development of long term surveillance and control of HPAI and other priority diseases.
3. Control programs be immediately intensified and monitored
4. Each country establish a co-ordination centre such as a national avian influenza task force, to which medical and veterinary authorities report and discuss surveillance and control information
5. Measures including stamping-out, elevated biosecurity, vaccination and monitoring are important tools in control and eradication of infection in poultry.
6. Improvement of surveillance and transparent and timely reporting of infection by the Veterinary Administration be required at national, regional and international levels.
7. Extensive international coordination should be established for short and long term control of influenza viruses of human and animal health significance.
8. Donor support be urgently requested for control programmes that include relevant technical and institutional capacity building.
9. A Regional Emergency Meeting in the Asian Region be convened to support uptake and implementation of the recommendations, with FAO taking a lead role in co-ordination of field programmes, and in co-operation with OIE and WHO.
10. Collaborative research efforts, with interdisciplinary, international partnerships be supported to address the gaps in knowledge and tools required in the control of human and animal infection with avian influenza viruses, particularly in the area of vaccines, diagnostic tests, and epidemiology, particularly the role of domestic and wild animal hosts.
Technical meeting:
Joint FAO/OIE/WHO tripartite meeting - 4-5 February 2004, FAO Headquarters
- The yearly tripartite FAO/OIE/WHO meeting focused on "The Global Framework for the Control of Transboundary Diseases (GF-TADs)", the joint FAO/OIE initiative.
Joint FAO/OIE/WHO regional meeting in Bangkok (26-28 February)
- A joint FAO/OIE/WHO regional meeting is planned in Bangkok to strengthen the coordination of control programmes.
Technical Cooperation Programme (TCP) projects:
FAO Technical Cooperation Projects (TCP) for Viet Nam, Cambodia, Lao PDR, Indonesia, China and Pakistan has been approved. In response to the request for assistance to control the spread of HPAI, Regional TCPs are in preparation and will focus on emergency control of the disease, regional networking, epidemiology and rehabilitation.
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Avian Influenza - FAO Situation Summary ​

</td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>

</td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>

</td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Summary of situation: 14 February 2004 (Issue No.5)
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext"> As of 14/02/2004, HPAI - H5N1 has been reported in Viet Nam, Thailand, Cambodia, Lao PDR, Japan, Korea, Indonesia and China. The number of countries affected remains the same since the last update.
China: As of 14/02/2004, China reported 46 cases in 14 provinces (33 confirmed cases and 13 suspected). The most recent suspicions were reported on 11/02/2004 in seven new Chinese regions located in Hubei, Hunan and Guangdong provinces.
The epidemic in China is not yet under control and the disease is still spreading to new areas. On 10/02/2004, HPAI was reported in Tianjin municipality, Jinnan district in North-Eastern China (see map below), threatening neighbouring provinces which have not yet detected the disease. It is therefore imperative that control measures including movement management, quarantine and animal culling are applied strictly, especially in these areas of high human and animal density.
Wild birds have also begun to return to Southeast Asia and South China as the weather gets warmer, which could increase the likelihood of disease spreading.
"The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture issued an emergency notice Monday requiring authorities concerned to monitor the habits and habitats of migratory birds to prevent the spread of bird flu.
The notice says a more thorough mechanism of monitoring and examination must be established and more detailed information about migratory birds, including breeds, habitat and habits must be gathered. It asks medical staff to disinfect the habitats of the migratory birds, collect their excrement and sanitize it.
Poultry raisers are reminded to segregate flocks from wild birds and government departments to promote publicity campaigns in rural areas". (china view, www.xinhuanet.com XINHUA online).
The data from official and non official sources collected so far have been entered into the FAO/EMPRES information system (EMPRES-i) for further analysis and mapping. Although the dataset is still incomplete (no or few data for Viet Nam, Lao PDR, Cambodia and Indonesia) and likely does not reflect the true incidence of the disease, more than 75 disease outbreaks with epidemiological details have been entered and processed. A tentative analysis of the situation will be given in the next AIDEnews issue (V. Martin).
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>

</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Under investigation / rumours and suspicions / other information:
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext"> Saudi Arabia: Chicken deaths have been reported in the province of Rania where 50 chickens have died in a farm. No official information received concerning this rumour. (11/02/04 - source: gphin)
Yemen:A large number of chickens died in the county of El-Lehia, province of El-Hadeeda. The villagers fear that it could be Avian Influenza. Situation under investigation. (11/02/04 - source: gphin)
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>

</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Control strategies currently in implementation (summary in the table below):
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext">Countries that are planning/starting mass slaughter of poultry are: Thailand, Viet Nam, Indonesia, Pakistan, China, Taiwan Province of China.
¢ Vaccination has been started/ordered in: China (Central & Southern), Taiwan province of China, Hong Kong SAR, Indonesia, and Pakistan.
Vehicle control at major route started in China.
Table: Control strategies currently in implementation
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>

</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext">Table: Countries Affected as of 14/02/2004

<table align="center" bgcolor="white" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="600"><tbody><tr valign="top"><td class="menulinks_tab_col">

Countries affected (as of 14/02/2004)​

</td> </tr> <tr><td class="bodytext"> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext"> <table align="center" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" width="600"> <tbody><tr> <td class="graysidebar">Country
</td> <td class="graysidebar">date declared to OIE
</td> <td class="graysidebar">type
</td> <td class="graysidebar">Animals affected
</td> <td class="graysidebar">Humans affected
</td> <td class="graysidebar" colspan="2">Additional information
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="graysidebar" colspan="5">
</td> <td class="graysidebar">info.
</td> <td class="graysidebar">Source^*
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Korea
</td> <td class="bodytext">17/12/2003
</td> <td class="bodytext">H5N1
</td> <td class="bodytext">Layers, ducks
</td> <td class="bodytext">no
</td> <td class="bodytext">No outbreaks since 05/02/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">Government
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Viet Nam
</td> <td class="bodytext">8/01/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">H5N1
</td> <td class="bodytext">Broilers
</td> <td class="bodytext">yes
</td> <td class="bodytext">57 provinces affected
</td> <td class="bodytext">gphin^**
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Japan
</td> <td class="bodytext">12/01/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">H5N1
</td> <td class="bodytext">Layers
</td> <td class="bodytext">no
</td> <td class="bodytext">under control
</td> <td class="bodytext">announcement
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Taiwan Province of China
</td> <td class="bodytext">20/01/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">H5N2
</td> <td class="bodytext">Layers, native chickens, duck, pheasant
</td> <td class="bodytext">no
</td> <td class="bodytext">low pathogenic
</td> <td class="bodytext">gphin
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Thailand
</td> <td class="bodytext">23/01/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">H5 (N1)
</td> <td class="bodytext">Layers
</td> <td class="bodytext">yes
</td> <td class="bodytext">5 infected areas in 1 province and 158 control areas in 39 provinces
</td> <td class="bodytext">gphin, Thai governmnet
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Cambodia
</td> <td class="bodytext">24/01/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">H5N1
</td> <td class="bodytext">Layers, duck
</td> <td class="bodytext">no
</td> <td class="bodytext">
</td> <td class="bodytext">Government
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Hong Kong, SAR
</td> <td class="bodytext">26/01/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">H5N1
</td> <td class="bodytext">Peregrine falcon
</td> <td class="bodytext">no
</td> <td class="bodytext">wild birds
</td> <td class="bodytext">gphin
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Lao, PDR
</td> <td class="bodytext">27/01/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">H5N1
</td> <td class="bodytext">layers
</td> <td class="bodytext">no
</td> <td class="bodytext">
</td> <td class="bodytext">
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Pakistan
</td> <td class="bodytext">28/01/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">H7
</td> <td class="bodytext">layers
</td> <td class="bodytext">no
</td> <td class="bodytext">
</td> <td class="bodytext">
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">Indonesia
</td> <td class="bodytext">06/02/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">H5N1
</td> <td class="bodytext">Chickens, duck and quail
</td> <td class="bodytext">no
</td> <td class="bodytext">chicken have been dying since August
</td> <td class="bodytext">gphin
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">China
</td> <td class="bodytext">06/02/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">H5N1
</td> <td class="bodytext">duck, chicken and black swan
</td> <td class="bodytext">no
</td> <td class="bodytext">46 cases in 14 provinces
</td><td class="bodytext">Chinese government
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="bodytext">United States of America
</td> <td class="bodytext">11/02/04
</td> <td class="bodytext">H7
</td> <td class="bodytext">Chickens
</td> <td class="bodytext">no
</td> <td class="bodytext">low pathogenic, under control. Further studies being conducted
</td> <td class="bodytext">FAO-LO
</td> </tr> </tbody></table> *Official (OIE) and non official Information (ProMed, press agencies, tracking systems.)
** Gphin: Global Public Health Intelligence Network (Health Canada)
</td></tr></tbody></table>



</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>

</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Actions taken - follow-up
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext">FAO/OIE/WHO Technical Consultation on the Control of Avian Influenza 3 - 4 February 2004 Conclusions and recommendations
On 5 February 2004, the Office International des Epizooties (OIE), the World Health Organization (WHO) with the assistance of some 25 experts from different organizations, institutes, and governments made a series of recommendations regarding HPAI control after the two-day meeting. The full text, including: Current situation; Origins of the epidemic; Control and Eradication Strategies; Human Health issues including Food Safety; Rehabilitation; re-stocking, reorganisation of the sector and the recommendation is available on FAO website:
www.fao.org/newsroom/common/ecg/36647_en_experts.pdf
Technical meeting:
Joint FAO/OIE/WHO tripartite meeting - 4-5 February 2004, FAO Headquarters - focused on "The Global Framework for the Control of Transboundary Diseases (GF-TADs)", the joint FAO/OIE initiative. The Avian Influenza crisis was on top of the agenda of the meeting.
OIE/FAO Emergency Regional Meeting on Avian Influenza Control in Animals in Asia (26-28 February)
- A joint FAO/OIE meeting in collaboration with WHO is to be held in Bangkok to discuss on situation in the area; strategies for control programmes; regional, international coordination; impact assessments on social, economical and policy issues; rehabilitation and restocking.
Technical Cooperation Programme (TCP) projects:
FAO Technical Cooperation Projects (TCP) for Viet Nam, Cambodia, Lao PDR, Indonesia, China and Pakistan has been approved. Regional TCPs are also in preparation and will focus on emergency control of the disease, regional networking, epidemiology and rehabilitation.
</td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>

</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Field Reports
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext">Viet Nam
From: Patrice Gautier, Country Representative for Viet Nam VETERINAIRES SANS FRONTIERES (VSF is working right now in two provinces in the North and South, with possible rapid extension due to the Avian Influenza crisis)
The impact on smallholders will depend on the different production systems and sizes of flocks.
1. Middle sized farms (between 100 - 5,000 animals), family managed, are the hardest hit. Either they are affected by the loss of their flock or affected indirectly by strong sanitary measures (culling with very low compensation and/or prohibition of access to the markets).
2. The large majority of the Vietnamese farmers are with small flock (15-20 birds), these farmers are very to extremely poor but they also have other small sources of incomes.
2.a. their direct loss is on average 1,5 USD per bird x 20 = 35 USD.
2.b. their birds are not affected but due to market closures or culling it doesn't hit them too hard, they usually consume the meat or share with neighbours.
China
(Watt Poultry Global E-News [wattpoultry@wattnet.com])
Poultry markets were closed in Shanghai as the city banned the trade and slaughter of poultry to curb the spread of bird flu.
The industry and commerce department has examined 721 farm agricultural markets and seized 97 kilograms of dead poultry since the municipal government issued a notice banning the poultry trade. A total of 690 poultry markets have been closed.
The government notice has been put on every market in the city and detailed account records and quarantine serial numbers of poultry were required to secure the sources.
Hong Kong banned local farms from supplying chickens to markets and halted all poultry imports from China last Friday after Beijing said more provinces were suffering suspected outbreaks of bird flu, an epidemic racing through much of Asia.
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Re: FAO AI Bulletin

<table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="1" width="100%"><tbody><tr bgcolor="#870000" valign="top"><td class="bodytext_caption" colspan="2">

Avian Influenza - FAO Situation Summary ​

</td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>

</td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>

</td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Summary of situation: 23 February 2004 (Issue No.6)
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext"> As of 23/02/04, HPAI - H5N1 has been reported in Viet Nam, Thailand, Cambodia, Lao PDR, Japan, Republic of Korea, Indonesia and China. The number of countries affected remains the same since the last update.
China: On 19/02/04, H5N1 was confirmed in Jilin province which is adjacent to the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. As of 23/02/04, China reported HP Avian Influenza in 16 provinces (48 confirmed, 1 suspected and 3 negative). As of 17/02/04, 144,440 birds infected, 127,648 died and 5,227,800 were culled. Vaccination has been undertaken on >9,634,700 birds so far. (Source: FAO and government website).
In Lhasa, Tibet province, 5,000 chickens died on 24/01/04. Samples were sent for testing, and H5N1 was confirmed. It is reported that this batch of chickens came from the Lanzhou city, Gansu Province where avian influenza case was suspected on 3/2/04. (source: gphin)
Isolation measures have been lifted in Dingdang Town, Long 'an County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, where the China's first HPAI appeared on 23/01/04 and announced on 22/02/04 morning.
Thailand: On 16/02/04, Nine more outbreaks were reported to be found. Within 10,300 samples of the second round testing, 10 provinces were found positive, of which 9 provinces (including Uttaradit and Chon Buri provinces) in the red (infected) areas and 1 province (Roi-Et) formally regarded as the yellow (investigating) areas. Chickens within 1 km radius of the outbreaks in red zone; 5 km radius in yellow zone are to be killed within 72 hours. Kasetsart University's animal hospital laboratory confirmed the presence of the H5N1 virus in a cat.
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>

</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Under investigation / rumours and suspicions / other information:
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext"> India: The sudden death of about 300 chickens in Orissa's Bolangir district were observed within two days. Official Veterinary experts said the mass death was not caused by bird flu, but caused by chronic respiratory disease from practices of unhygienic conditions. Nevertheless, samples had been sent to the high security animal diseases laboratory at Bhopal. (18/02/04 - source: gphin)
Saudi Arabia: 50 chickens found dead in a farm in the Rania province. No official information available.
(11/02/04 - source: gphin)
Yemen: A large number of chickens died in the El-Lehia county in El-Hadeeda province (under investigation).
(11/02/04 - source: gphin)
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>

</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Control strategies currently in implementation (summary in the table below):
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext">Countries that are planning/starting mass slaughter of poultry are: Thailand, Viet Nam, Indonesia, Pakistan, China, Taiwan Province of China
Vaccination has been started/ordered in: China (Central & Southern areas), Taiwan province of China, Hong Kong SAR, Indonesia, and Pakistan.
Table: Control strategies currently in implementation
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>

</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext">Table: Countries Affected as of 23/02/2004

<table align="center" bgcolor="white" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="600"><tbody><tr valign="top"><td class="menulinks_tab_col">

Countries affected (as of 23/02/2004)​

</td> </tr> <tr><td class="sidelinks_regular"> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td> <table align="center" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" width="600"> <tbody><tr> <td class="graysidebar">Country
</td> <td class="graysidebar">date declared to OIE
</td> <td class="graysidebar">type
</td> <td class="graysidebar">Animals affected
</td> <td class="graysidebar">Humans affected
</td> <td class="graysidebar" colspan="2">Additional information
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="graysidebar" colspan="5">
</td> <td class="graysidebar">info.
</td> <td class="graysidebar">Source¹
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Republic of Korea
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">17/12/2003
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H5N1
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">layers, ducks
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">No outbreaks since 05/02/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Government
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Viet Nam
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">8/01/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H5N1
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Broilers
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">yes
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">57 provinces affected
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">gphin²
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Japan
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">12/01/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H5N1
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Layers, Pet, Chicken
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">2^nd outbreak found
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">FAO; Government³
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Taiwan Province of China
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">20/01/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H5N2
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Layers, native chicken, duck, pheasant
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">low pathogenic
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">gphin
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Thailand
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">23/01/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H5 (N1)
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Layers, stork
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">yes
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">14 infected areas in 9 province and 163 control areas in 40 provinces
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">gphin; FAO; Thai governmnet
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Cambodia
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">24/01/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H5N1
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Layers, duck
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Suspected (ProMed 20.02.04)
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">FAO; Government
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Hong Kong, SAR
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">26/01/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H5N1
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Peregrine falcon
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">wild birds
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">gphin
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Lao, PDR
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">27/01/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H5
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">layers
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Samples sent for Pasteur Institute, Viet Nam to type N
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">FAO; Government
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Pakistan
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">28/01/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H7
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">layers
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Indonesia
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">06/02/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H5N1
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Chickens, duck and quail
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">chicken have been dying since August
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">gphin
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">China
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">06/02/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H5N1
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">duck, chicken and black swan
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">16 provinces
</td><td class="sidelinks_regular">FAO; Government
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular" rowspan="2">United States of America
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">11/02/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H7
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Chickens
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Low pathogenic, under control; conducting studies
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">FAO-Liaison office in Washington D.C.
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">24/02/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H5N2
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Chickens
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">High pathogenic, conducting studies
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">gphin, Texas Animal Health Commission website
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Canada
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">19/02/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H7
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Chickens
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Testing
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">gphin
</td> </tr> </tbody></table>
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular"> 1) Official (OIE) and non official Information (ProMed, press agencies, FAO tracking systems.)
2) Gphin: Global Public Health Intelligence Network (Health Canada)
3) FAO; government: FAO representative in concurrence with Government sources
</td></tr> </tbody></table>



</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>

</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext">Table: Situation in the neighbouring countries at risk

<table align="center" bgcolor="white" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="600"><tbody><tr valign="top"><td class="menulinks_tab_col">

Situation in the neighbouring countries at risk​

</td> </tr> <tr><td class="sidelinks_regular"> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td> <table align="center" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" width="600"> <tbody><tr> <td class="graysidebar">Country
</td> <td class="graysidebar">Update
</td> <td class="graysidebar">Situation
</td> <td class="graysidebar">Source
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Myanmar
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">17/02/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">No outbreak
Surveillance, Import ban, Awareness campaign
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">FAO Representative Myanmar
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Bangladesh
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">10/02/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">No outbreak reported
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">FAO Representative Bangladesh
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Bhutan
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">12/02/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">No outbreak reported
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">FAO Representative Bhutan
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Nepal
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">10/02/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">No outbreak reported
Contingency planning
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">FAO Representative Nepal
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Sri Lanka
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">02/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">No outbreak reported
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Government
</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table>

</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>

</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Actions taken - follow-up
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext">FAO/OIE/WHO Technical Consultation on the Control of Avian Influenza 3 - 4 February 2004 Conclusions and recommendations
Series of recommendations regarding HPAI control were made after the two-day meeting of experts. The full text, including: Current situation; Origins of the epidemic; Control and Eradication Strategies; Human Health issues including Food Safety; Rehabilitation; re-stocking, reorganisation of the sector and the recommendation is available on FAO website:
www.fao.org/newsroom/common/ecg/36647_en_experts.pdf
FAO/OIE Emergency Regional Meeting on Avian Influenza Control in Animals in Asia (26-28 February)
- A joint FAO/OIE meeting in collaboration with WHO and the Department of Livestock Development, Thailand, is to be held in Bangkok 26-28 February, 2004, to discuss on situation in the area; strategies for control programmes; regional, international coordination; impact assessments on social, economical and policy issues and, rehabilitation and restocking issues.
Technical Cooperation Programme (TCP) projects:
FAO Technical Cooperation Projects (TCP) for Viet Nam, Cambodia, Lao PDR, Indonesia, China and Pakistan are operational. One Regional TCP is operational and three more are under preparation and will focus on emergency control of the disease, regional networking (laboratories and epidemiological units), epidemiological understanding of the crisis, and rehabilitation.
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<table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="1" width="100%"><tbody><tr bgcolor="#870000" valign="top"><td class="bodytext_caption" colspan="2">

Avian Influenza - FAO Situation Summary ​

</td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>

</td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>

</td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Summary of situation: 03 March 2004 (Issue No.7)
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext"> As of 03/03/04, HPAI - H5N1 has been reported in Viet Nam, Thailand, Cambodia, Lao PDR, Japan, Republic of Korea, Indonesia and China. The number of countries affected remains the same since the last update.
China: As of 03/03/04, China reported HP Avian Influenza in 16 provinces (49 confirmed and 3 negative). Since 17/02/04, there is no new report of suspected case. As of 27/02/04, 144,440 birds were infected, 127,648 died and 5,227,800 were culled. Vaccination has been undertaken on more than 9,634,700 birds so far. (Source: FAO and government website) Lifting of isolation measures have started on 22/02/04 after 21 days of isolation (Source: government website).
Lao PDR: H5N1 infection was confirmed. The outbreaks were reported in Vientiane area, Champassak, Savannakhet, Luang Nam Tha and Bokeo so far. (24/02/04 - source: FAORAP and government)
Japan: The third H5N1 outbreak of avian influenza appeared to have caused the death of 67,000 chicken in the Kyoto prefecture. The outbreak was not reported to the local veterinary authorities for a week, and during the period the mortality increased rapidly. The forth outbreak is suspected in Shimane prefecture, total 74 young chickens out of 420 have died during 29/01-2/03/04. The final diagnosis will be available on 04/03/04 (27/02-02/03/04 - source: gphin, Japanese newspaper websites).
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext">Preliminary analysis
As mentioned in a previous issue, data from official and non-official sources on avian influenza outbreaks have been entered in the EMPRES-i database for processing and analysis. The preliminary results presented below are focussing on China where the most accurate data could be obtained (geographical locations, number of animals affected, laboratory confirmation). The analysis will be extended to neighbouring countries when additional data are made available from national Veterinary Services.
Extract from "A preliminary GIS analysis on Avian Influenza (EMPRES group)"
(Its understood that this work needs ground-truth validation)
Map: poultry density (spatial resolution: 0.08 degree) and outbreak locations (as of 02/03/2004)
The poultry density map was used to derive the average density of poultry at outbreak sites. Before processing the data, the outbreak location map was converted into a raster map and the resolution of the poultry density map was rescaled to a lower resolution (final resolution: 0.25 degree). This way, the average poultry density calculated in affected areas could take into consideration the lack of accuracy of geographically referenced outbreaks (coordinates obtained from the National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA) database and therefore not from the most accurate source, i.e. Global Positioning System (GPS) units) and also provide a better estimate of poultry density at this lower resolution.
In affected areas, the average poultry density is 2414.4 animals per square kilometres. The results obtained at outbreak location site were compared to a sample of randomly selected non-affected areas (250 locations) where the poultry density was found to be 1384.08 animals per square kilometres. These two results obtained were found to be statistically different.
Graph: distribution of outbreaks in China according to poultry density (derived from poultry density and outbreak location maps)

The distribution of outbreaks according to poultry density is also shown in the graph. It can be highlighted that more than 80 % of the outbreaks are observed in area where the density is below 5000 animals per square kilometres and more than 40% fall in the range [100-5000].
It must be noted that this work will be completed in the next issue and other geographical parameters and potential risk indicators (human density, pig density, road and river networks) will be further analysed and discussed.
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>

</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Under investigation / rumours and suspicions / other information:
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext"> India: The sudden death of pigeons observed in Kamakhya Hindu temple in Guwahati, state of Assam. It was reported that around 1,500 of an estimated 5,000 pigeons start rolling their heads, fall to the ground and died within a week. (26/02/04 - source: gphin)
Trinidad and Tobago: On 25/02/04, an outbreak of a bird disease reported at a farm in Cunipia. FAO sent request for further information through the regional/country offices network. Samples were sent to UK for diagnosis, and the result revealed the first discovery of Infectious Laryngotrachetis (ILT) into the country. (25/02/04 - source: gphin)
Japan:Genome analysis revealed all of the 8 segments of the isolates from the first and the second outbreak were bird origin and were different from the H5N1 virus isolated from human in Hong Kong and Viet Nam (source: Bangkok meeting report)
Republic of Korea: CDC confirmed on 25/02/04 that the avian infection in Republic of Korea is not the same H5N1 strain that has killed millions of birds in Asia (26/02/04 - source: gphin).
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>

</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Control strategies currently in implementation (summary in the table below):
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext">Vaccination has been started/ordered in: China (Central & Southern areas), Taiwan province of China, Hong Kong SAR, Indonesia, and Pakistan: and planned in Myanmar (source: reported during the regional meeting).
Table: Control strategies currently in implementation
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>

</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext">Table: Countries Affected as of 03/03/2004

<table align="center" bgcolor="white" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="600"><tbody><tr valign="top"><td class="menulinks_tab_col">

Countries affected (as of 03/03/2004)​

</td> </tr> <tr><td class="sidelinks_regular"> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td> <table align="center" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" width="600"> <tbody><tr> <td class="graysidebar">Country
</td> <td class="graysidebar">date declared to OIE
</td> <td class="graysidebar">type
</td> <td class="graysidebar">Animals affected
</td> <td class="graysidebar">Humans affected
</td> <td class="graysidebar" colspan="2">Additional information
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="graysidebar" colspan="5">
</td> <td class="graysidebar">info.
</td> <td class="graysidebar">Source¹
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Republic of Korea
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">17/12/2003
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H5N1
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">layers, ducks
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">No outbreaks since 05/02/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Government
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Viet Nam
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">8/01/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H5N1
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Chicken, quail, duck, muscovik duck
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">yes
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">57 provinces affected
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">gphin²
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Japan
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">12/01/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H5N1
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Chicken
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Third outbreak confirmed, fourth suspected
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">FAO; Government³
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Taiwan Province of China
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">20/01/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H5N2
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">chicken, duck, pheasant
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">low pathogenic
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">gphin; meeting report
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Thailand
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">23/01/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H5 (N1)
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Virus isolation: chicken, duck, goose, quail, turkey, stork
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">yes
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">14 infected areas in 9 province and 163 control areas in 40 provinces
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">gphin; FAO; Thai governmnet
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Cambodia
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">24/01/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H5N1
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Chicken, duck, goose, turkey, guinea fowl, wild bird
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Samples typed in the Pasteur Institute in Cambodia
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">FAO; Government
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Hong Kong, SAR
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">26/01/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H5N1
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Peregrine falcon
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">gphin
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Lao, PDR
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">27/01/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H5N1
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Chicken, duck and quail
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">FAO; Government
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Pakistan
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">28/01/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H7
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">layers
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Indonesia
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">06/02/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H5N1
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Chickens, duck and quail
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">chicken have been dying since August
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">gphin
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">China
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">06/02/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H5N1
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Virus isolation: chicken, duck, goose, quail, pigeon , pheasant, black swan
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">16 provinces
</td><td class="sidelinks_regular">FAO; Government
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular" rowspan="2">United States of America
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">11/02/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H7
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Chickens
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Low pathogenic, under control; conducting studies
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">FAO-Liaison office in Washington D.C.
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H5N2
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Chickens
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">High pathogenic, conducting studies
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Texas Animal Health Commission and USDA website
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Canada
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">19/02/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H7N3
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Chickens
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">gphin
</td> </tr> </tbody></table>
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular"> 1) Official (OIE) and non official Information (ProMed, press agencies, FAO tracking systems.)
2) Gphin: Global Public Health Intelligence Network (Health Canada)
3) FAO; government: FAO representative in concurrence with Government sources
</td></tr> </tbody></table>



</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>

</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext">Table: Situation in the neighbouring countries at risk

<table align="center" bgcolor="white" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="600"><tbody><tr valign="top"><td class="menulinks_tab_col">

Situation in the neighbouring countries at risk​

</td> </tr> <tr><td class="sidelinks_regular"> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td> <table align="center" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" width="600"> <tbody><tr> <td class="graysidebar">Country
</td> <td class="graysidebar">Update
</td> <td class="graysidebar">Situation
</td> <td class="graysidebar">Source
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Myanmar
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">27/02/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">No outbreak reported
import ban, surveillance, border check post; awareness campaign; vaccination on breeders planned
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">FAO Representative Myanmar; Government
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Bangladesh
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">27/02/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">No outbreak reported
import ban on poultry, poultry products & biologics; border control; monitoring; daily reporting; quarantine newly introduced birds; public awareness; biosecurity measures at farm
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">FAO Representative Bangladesh; Government
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Bhutan
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">12/02/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">No outbreak reported
import ban on poultry and poultry products; vigilance at entry points; risk assessment; biosecurity
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">FAO Representative Bhutan
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Nepal
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">10/02/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">No outbreak reported
import ban; active surveillance; cash prize for first reporter; public awareness; contingency planning
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">FAO Representative Nepal
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Brunei Darussalam
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">27/02/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">No outbreak reported
import suspension on poultry and its products; border controls; risk assessment; import live day old chick or fertilised eggs with official certificate; temporally suspension on open live bird market
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Government
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">India
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">27/02/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">No outbreak reported
imports ban; border check post; monitoring
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Government
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Malaysia
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">27/02/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">No outbreak reported
import ban; border control; active surveillance; mortality threshold (3%)
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Government
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Philippines
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">27/02/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">No outbreak reported
Import ban; monitoring; serological surveillance in high risk areas; coastal monitoring of smuggling; wild bird survey
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Government
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Singapore
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">27/02/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">No outbreak reported
Import ban on live poultry, poultry products, eggs and birds; active surveillance of imported poultry, its products, captive birds and migratory birds; biosecurity and inspection of farms
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Government
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Sri Lanka
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">27/02/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">No outbreak reported
Import suspension on poultry, its products, its by-products and feed; live parents bird quarantine (30 days); public awareness
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Government
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Timor-Leste
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">27/02/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">No outbreak reported
import ban; samples tested negative
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Government
</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table>

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Re: FAO AI Bulletin

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Avian Influenza - FAO Situation Summary ​

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</td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Summary of situation: 12 March 2004 (Issue No.8)
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China: China has reported HP Avian Influenza in 16 provinces (49 confirmed and 3 negative). No new suspected cases have been reported since 17/02/04. Lifting of isolation measures began on 22/02/04 after 21 days of isolation (Source: FAO and government website).
Taiwan province of China: A new outbreak was reported in the southern Pingtung County on 01/03/04, where 12,000 chickens were culled. Migratory birds or vehicles moving between farms are suspected as the source of infection (source: gphin, yahoo news/AFP).
Japan: he third H5N1 outbreak (Tanba, Kyoto prefecture) has spread to a poultry farm within the same town. Crows found dead at the infected farm and within the movement control area (Tanba town), and in Ibaraki city (Osaka prefecture) - a distance of 30 km from Tanba' tested positive to H5N1 (Tanba) and H5 (Ibaraki) respectively. (4 -11/03/04 - source: gphin, Japanese government and newspaper websites).
Indonesia: The number of districts and municipalities infected has increased to 80 from as reported last week. Large areas in Sumatra and Kalimantan are suspected for the disease. Similarly, high mortality in poultry, have been reported on some other islands such as Lombok, Sumbawa, Flores. The death toll of chickens has been estimated at 6.2 million as of the end of February. This figure excludes those chickens that were culled (source: FAO).
Thailand: H5N1 case was confirmed in a chicken from Chiang Rai on 26/02/04, and the disease is also suspected in Nakhon Ratchasima and Maha Sarakham. Deaths in 200 chickens were also reported in Chiang Mai on 11/03/04. (source: gphin, FAO)
Viet Nam: Ban on movement and sales of poultry has been lifted in Hanoi city. The government authorities announced that affected localities can declare themselves free of the disease if they have no new infections for 30 days and if they meet strict disinfection and hygiene conditions. (source: FAO, newspaper websites)
United States of America: Avian influenza (H7) was found in a commercial chicken farm on Maryland's Eastern Shore on 06/03/04. (source: Maryland Department of Agriculture News Release, FAO liaison office in Washington D.C.)
Canada: Of the outbreak announced on 23/02/04 in Fraser Valley, British Columbia, tests indicate both low and high pathogenic forms of the H7N3 virus were present on the same farm. On 09/03/04, a second farm (about 3 km from the first outbreak) was placed under quarantine after initial provincial tests indicated the possible presence of influenza virus. Samples are being sent to the National Centre for Foreign Animal Diseases in Winnipeg. (source: FAO liaison office in Washington D.C.)
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Under investigation / rumours and suspicions / other information:
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext"> Mongolia: 17 birds including 5 crows have been found dead around Erdenetsagaan soum county of Suhbaatar aymag province, eastern Mongolia. Under investigation (11/03/04 - source: gphin)
India: he sudden death of pigeons observed in Kamakhya Hindu temple in Guwahati, state of Assam. Further information has been requested. (26/02/04 - source: gphin)
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</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Control strategies currently in implementation (summary in the table below):
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext">Vaccination has been started/ordered in: China (Central & Southern areas), Hong Kong SAR, Indonesia, and Pakistan. Preventive vaccination is planned in Myanmar (source: reported during the regional meeting).
Table: Control strategies currently in implementation
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</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext">Table: Countries Affected as of 12/03/2004

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Countries affected (as of 12/03/2004)​

</td> </tr> <tr><td class="sidelinks_regular"> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td> <table align="center" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" width="600"> <tbody><tr> <td class="graysidebar">Country
</td> <td class="graysidebar">date declared to OIE
</td> <td class="graysidebar">type
</td> <td class="graysidebar">Animals affected
</td> <td class="graysidebar">Humans affected
</td> <td class="graysidebar" colspan="2">Additional information
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="graysidebar" colspan="5">
</td> <td class="graysidebar">info.
</td> <td class="graysidebar">Source¹
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Republic of Korea
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">17/12/2003
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H5N1
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">layers, ducks
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">No outbreaks since 05/02/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Government
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Viet Nam
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">8/01/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H5N1
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Chicken, quail, duck, muscovik duck
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">yes
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">57 provinces affected
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">gphin²
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Japan
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">12/01/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H5N1
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Chicken, crow
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Fourth outbreak confirmed
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">FAO; Government³
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Taiwan Province of China
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">20/01/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H5N2
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">chicken, duck, pheasant
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">low pathogenic, new prefecture affected
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">gphin; meeting report
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Thailand
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">23/01/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H5N1
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Virus isolation: chicken, duck, goose, quail, turkey, stork
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">yes
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Reported in 3 provinces so far (Vientiane, Savannkhet, Champasak)
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">gphin; FAO; Thai governmnet
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Cambodia
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">24/01/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H5N1
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Chicken, duck, goose, turkey, guinea fowl, wild bird
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">FAO; Government
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Hong Kong, SAR
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">26/01/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H5N1
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Peregrine falcon
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">gphin
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Lao, PDR
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">27/01/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H5N1
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Chicken, duck and quail
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
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</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">FAO; Government
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Pakistan
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">28/01/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H7N3
H9N2
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">layers
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Only H7 is currently considered High Pathogenic
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">FAO; Government
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Indonesia
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">06/02/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H5N1
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Chickens, duck and quail
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">chicken have been dying since August
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">gphin; FAO; Government
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">China
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">06/02/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H5N1
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Virus isolation: chicken, duck, goose, quail, pigeon , pheasant, black swan
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">16 provinces
</td><td class="sidelinks_regular">FAO; Government
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular" rowspan="3">United States of America
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">11/02/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H7
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Chickens
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Low pathogenic
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Delaware Department of Agriculture Statement; FAO
</td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">23/02/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H5N2
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Chickens
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">High pathogenic
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Texas Animal Health Commission and USDA website
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H7
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Chickens
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Conducting study
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Maryland Department of Agriculture News Release
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular" rowspan="2">Canada
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">19/02/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H7N3
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Chickens
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Low Pathogenic
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">gphin
</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular">09/03/04
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">H7N3
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">Chickens
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">no
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">High Pathogenic
</td> <td class="sidelinks_regular">gphin
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</td> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#ffffff"> <td class="sidelinks_regular"> 1) Official (OIE) and non official Information (ProMed, press agencies, FAO tracking systems.)
2) Gphin: Global Public Health Intelligence Network (Health Canada)
3) FAO; government: FAO representative in concurrence with Government sources
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</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Actions taken - follow-up
</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="bodytext">China-ASEAN Special Meeting on HPAI Control.
Beijing, 2 March 2004
The Government of the People's Republic of China called for a meeting in Beijing on Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Control on 2 March, 2004. The meeting was attended by Ministers, Senior Officers and Experts from China, ten ASEAN countries, FAO, OIE and WHO. The Government of People's Republic of China proposed to develop collaboration between China and ASEAN (of Southeast Asian Nations) countries in order to improve the efficiency of the control of this transboundary disease, which is also a threat to the Public Health. The commitment of all Governments of the Region is one of the key for the success to combat the disease in the countries which are affected and to strengthen the surveillance and the prevention measures in the non-infected countries. Delegates of ASEAN countries and China presented the current situation. Speeches by FAO, OIE and WHO delegates were made as well as proposals on concrete measures on information exchange and on joint prevention control of epidemics and technical cooperation. After one day of work and debate the following joint press statement has been released:
Joint Press Statement: China-ASEAN Special Meeting on HPAI Control
March 2nd, 2004, Beijing, China
The China-ASEAN Special Meeting on HPAI Control was held in Beijing,China on 2 March 2004. The Deputy Prime Minister of Thailand, the Minister of Animal Husbandry & Fisheries of Myanmar, Vice-Ministers and senior officials for agriculture and health, and experts from China and 10 ASEAN countries, as well as officials from ASEAN Secretariat, UN Food and Agriculture Organization, World Health Organization and World Organization for Animal Health participated in the Meeting. Representatives from Hong Kong and Macao Special Administrative Regions of China attended the meeting as members of the Chinese delegation.

Acknowledging that the outbreak of HPAI in many countries in Asia since last December has caused negative impact on the region's agriculture, poultry industry and foreign trade, as well as on human health, and has become a major concern to the region and the international community; Recognizing the trans-boundary nature of the disease, its threat to public health, and the need for China and ASEAN to cooperate on HPAI prevention and control so as to minimize losses; Stressing that the disease must be tackled under strong leadership, with political commitment, and through inter-agency cooperation and partnership at both national and regional levels; After a review of the current situation of HPAI and in-depth discussions on the preventive and control measures, the meeting agreed that collective efforts be made in the region to effectively address the challenge of HPAI through the following measures;

1. Provide access to and exchange of information and experience on HPAI status, prevention and control between China and ASEAN through the ASEAN disease surveillance network, the ASEAN plus three SARS focal point network and the proposed regional veterinary network in order to work towards creating an early warning system for epidemic recognition and control;

2. Enhance cooperation among inspection and quarantine agencies for border management in China and ASEAN countries to prevent the spread of the disease and minimize its impact on health and trade;

3. Propose the establishment of a China-ASEAN cooperation mechanism for public health, through regular meetings of agricultural or health ministers and their senior officials, and the convening of joint meetings of the health and agricultural ministers as appropriate;

4. Operationalize the "China-ASEAN Fund for Public Health" to finance relevant cooperation between China and ASEAN in addressing regional public health crisis;

5. Strengthen extensive cooperation and exchanges with other countries, regional and international organizations, such as WHO, FAO, OIE on HPAI prevention and control;

6. Exchange HPAI expert teams and organize joint technical training courses on HPAI-related technologies and methodologies to include among others laboratory management, diagnosis and testing, emergency response measures and quality of vaccines in compliance with OIE international standards; and

7. China and ASEAN will mutually provide, within their respective capacity, bilateral financial, material and technical assistance to countries in the region hit and at risk to be infected by HPAI. In this regard, National Reference laboratory of China will share experience and offer technical cooperation with diagnostic laboratories of ASEAN countries in term of diagnostic technology.
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Re: FAO AI Bulletin

Avian Influenza - FAO Situation Summary ​

Issue 9