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An Pediatr (Engl Ed)
. 2022 Dec 7;S2341-2879(22)00223-X.
doi: 10.1016/j.anpede.2022.07.006. Online ahead of print.
Vaccination against influenza: Coverage and adherence in children under 15 years with high-risk medical conditions in the Community of Madrid
Rosa S Díaz-García 1 , Amaya Sánchez-Gómez 2 , María Alejandra López-Zambrano 2 , María Dolores Esteban-Vasallo 3 , Soledad Cañellas Llabrés 2 , María Ángeles Gutiérrez Rodríguez 2 , María Dolores Lasheras Carbajo 2
Affiliations
- PMID: 36496313
- DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2022.07.006
Abstract
Introduction: Vaccination against influenza is indicated in children at risk of complications or severe disease. The objective of this study was to describe the percentage of children aged less than 15 years with risk conditions vaccinated against influenza in the Community of Madrid, and to analyze the factors associated with adherence to vaccination throughout 3 vaccination campaigns.
Materials and methods: Population-based cross-sectional observational study of children aged 6 months to 14 years with conditions that indicated influenza vaccination at the beginning of the 2018-2019 campaign. Electronic population registers were used. We described the percentage of children vaccinated in 3 consecutive campaigns, and assessed the association of adherence to vaccination with demographic and socioeconomic variables and risk conditions using bivariate and multivariate analysis.
Results: The vaccination coverage was 15.6% in the 2018-2019 campaign. The adherence to vaccination was 65.9%. The variables associated with greater adherence were age greater than 2 years, especially in the 6-10 years group (aOR = 1.63; 95% CI, 1.43-1.85) and presenting more than one risk condition, especially 3 or more diseases (aOR = 1.80; 95% CI, 1.00-3.26). Diabetes mellitus was the disease associated most strongly with adherence (aOR = 2.15; 95% CI, 1.74-2.65). Adherence was lower in the immigrant population (aOR = 0.43; 95% CI, 0.36-0.51). We found no association between vaccination adherence and sex or socioeconomic status.
Conclusions: Vaccination coverage and adherence were suboptimal. Adherence to vaccination against influenza is associated with demographic and clinical conditions. Strategies need to be established to increase vaccination in children, with greater involvement of professionals and education of parents.
Keywords: Adolescent; Adolescente; Child; Chronic disease; Cobertura de vacunación; Cross-Sectional studies; Cumplimiento y Adherencia al Tratamiento; Electronic health records; Enfermedad crónica; España; Estudios transversales; Infancia; Infant; Influenza vaccines; Registros Electrónicos de Salud; Spain; Treatment adherence and compliance; Vaccination coverage; Vacuna antigripal.