Influenza Other Respir Viruses . Antibody titres elicited by the 2018 seasonal inactivated influenza vaccine decline by 3 months post-vaccination but persist for at least 6 months

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Influenza Other Respir Viruses


. 2022 Nov 30.
doi: 10.1111/irv.13072. Online ahead of print.
Antibody titres elicited by the 2018 seasonal inactivated influenza vaccine decline by 3 months post-vaccination but persist for at least 6 months


Francesca L Mordant ¹ , Olivia H Price ² , Rajeev Rudraraju ¹ , Monica A Slavin ^{3 4 5 6} , Caroline Marshall ^{6 7} , Leon J Worth ^{3 4 8} , Heidi Peck ² , Ian G Barr ^{1 2} , Sheena G Sullivan ^{2 6} , Kanta Subbarao ^{1 2}



Affiliations

• PMID: 36451293
• DOI: 10.1111/irv.13072

Free article

Abstract

Background: In Australia, seasonal inactivated influenza vaccine is typically offered in April. However, the onset, peak and end of a typical influenza season vary, and optimal timing for vaccination remains unclear. Here, we investigated vaccine-induced antibody response kinetics over 6 months in different age groups.
Methods: We conducted a prospective serosurvey among 71 adults aged 18-50 years, 15 community-dwelling ('healthy') and 16 aged-care facility resident ('frail') older adults aged ≥65 years who received the 2018 southern hemisphere vaccines. Sera were collected at baseline, and 1, 2, 4, and 6 months post-vaccination. Antibody titres were measured by haemagglutination inhibition or microneutralisation assays. Geometric mean titres were estimated using random effects regression modelling and superimposed on 2014-2018 influenza season epidemic curves.
Results: Antibody titres peaked 1.2-1.3 months post-vaccination for all viruses, declined by 3 months post-vaccination but, notably, persisted above baseline after 6 months in all age groups by 1.3- to 1.5-fold against A(H1N1)pdm09, 1.7- to 2-fold against A(H3N2), 1.7- to 2.1-fold against B/Yamagata and 1.8-fold against B/Victoria. Antibody kinetics were similar among different age groups. Antibody responses were poor against cell-culture grown compared to egg-grown viruses.
Conclusions: These results suggest subtype-specific antibody-mediated protection persists for at least 6 months, which corresponds to the duration of a typical influenza season.

Keywords: antibody; influenza; kinetics; serosurvey; vaccine.