NPJ Vaccines . Immunogenicity of standard, high-dose, MF59-adjuvanted, and recombinant-HA seasonal influenza vaccination in older adults

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NPJ Vaccines


. 2021 Feb 16;6(1):25.
doi: 10.1038/s41541-021-00289-5.
Immunogenicity of standard, high-dose, MF59-adjuvanted, and recombinant-HA seasonal influenza vaccination in older adults


Athena P Y Li ¹ , Carolyn A Cohen ¹ , Nancy H L Leung ² , Vicky J Fang ² , Shivaprakash Gangappa ³ , Suryaprakash Sambhara ³ , Min Z Levine ³ , A Danielle Iuliano ³ , Ranawaka A P M Perera ² , Dennis K M Ip ² , J S Malik Peiris ^{1 2} , Mark G Thompson ³ , Benjamin J Cowling ² , Sophie A Valkenburg ⁴



Affiliations

• PMID: 33594050
• DOI: 10.1038/s41541-021-00289-5

Free article

Abstract

The vaccine efficacy of standard-dose seasonal inactivated influenza vaccines (S-IIV) can be improved by the use of vaccines with higher antigen content or adjuvants. We conducted a randomized controlled trial in older adults to compare cellular and antibody responses of S-IIV versus enhanced vaccines (eIIV): MF59-adjuvanted (A-eIIV), high-dose (H-eIIV), and recombinant-hemagglutinin (HA) (R-eIIV). All vaccines induced comparable H3-HA-specific IgG and elevated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity at day 30 post vaccination. H3-HA-specific ADCC responses were greatest following H-eIIV. Only A-eIIV increased H3-HA-IgG avidity, HA-stalk IgG and ADCC activity. eIIVs also increased polyfunctional CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses, while cellular immune responses were skewed toward single-cytokine-producing T cells among S-IIV subjects. Our study provides further immunological evidence for the preferential use of eIIVs in older adults as each vaccine platform had an advantage over the standard-dose vaccine in terms of NK cell activation, HA-stalk antibodies, and T cell responses.