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J Virol. Contributions of the Avian Influenza Virus HA, NA and M2 Surface Proteins to the Induction of Neutralizing Antibodies and Protective Immunity.
J Virol. 2009 Dec 23. [Epub ahead of print]
Contributions of the Avian Influenza Virus HA, NA and M2 Surface Proteins to the Induction of Neutralizing Antibodies and Protective Immunity.
Nayak B, Kumar S, Dinapoli JM, Paldurai A, Perez DR, Collins PL, Samal SK. - Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA; Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA.
Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) subtype H5N1 causes severe disease and mortality in poultry. Increased transmission of H5N1 HPAIV from birds to humans is a serious threat to public health. We evaluated the individual contributions of each of the three HPAIV surface proteins, namely the hemagglutinin (HA), the neuraminidase (NA) and the M2 protein, to the induction of HPAIV-neutralizing serum antibodies and protective immunity in chickens. Using reverse genetics, three recombinant Newcastle disease viruses (rNDVs) were engineered each expressing the HA, NA or M2 protein of H5N1 HPAIV. Chickens were immunized with NDVs expressing single antigen (HA, NA and M2), or two antigens (HA+NA, HA+M2 and NA+M2), or three antigens (HA+NA+M2). Immunization with HA or NA induced high titers of HPAIV-neutralizing serum antibodies, with the response to HA being greater, thus identifying HA and NA as independent neutralization antigens. M2 did not induce a detectable neutralizing serum antibody response, and inclusion of M2 with HA or NA reduced the magnitude of the response. Immunization with HA alone or in combination with NA induced complete protection against HPAIV challenge. Immunization with NA alone or in combination with M2 did not prevent death following challenge, but extended the time period of death. Immunization with M2 alone had no effect on morbidity or mortality. Thus, there was no indication that M2 is immunogenic or protective. Furthermore, inclusion of NA in addition to HA in a vaccine preparation for chickens may not enhance the high level of protection provided by HA.
PMID: 20032181 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Contributions of the Avian Influenza Virus HA, NA and M2 Surface Proteins to the Induction of Neutralizing Antibodies and Protective Immunity.
Nayak B, Kumar S, Dinapoli JM, Paldurai A, Perez DR, Collins PL, Samal SK. - Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA; Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA.
Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) subtype H5N1 causes severe disease and mortality in poultry. Increased transmission of H5N1 HPAIV from birds to humans is a serious threat to public health. We evaluated the individual contributions of each of the three HPAIV surface proteins, namely the hemagglutinin (HA), the neuraminidase (NA) and the M2 protein, to the induction of HPAIV-neutralizing serum antibodies and protective immunity in chickens. Using reverse genetics, three recombinant Newcastle disease viruses (rNDVs) were engineered each expressing the HA, NA or M2 protein of H5N1 HPAIV. Chickens were immunized with NDVs expressing single antigen (HA, NA and M2), or two antigens (HA+NA, HA+M2 and NA+M2), or three antigens (HA+NA+M2). Immunization with HA or NA induced high titers of HPAIV-neutralizing serum antibodies, with the response to HA being greater, thus identifying HA and NA as independent neutralization antigens. M2 did not induce a detectable neutralizing serum antibody response, and inclusion of M2 with HA or NA reduced the magnitude of the response. Immunization with HA alone or in combination with NA induced complete protection against HPAIV challenge. Immunization with NA alone or in combination with M2 did not prevent death following challenge, but extended the time period of death. Immunization with M2 alone had no effect on morbidity or mortality. Thus, there was no indication that M2 is immunogenic or protective. Furthermore, inclusion of NA in addition to HA in a vaccine preparation for chickens may not enhance the high level of protection provided by HA.
PMID: 20032181 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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