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Front Immunol
. 2024 Mar 18:15:1285278.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1285278. eCollection 2024. Profiling antibody epitopes induced by mRNA-1273 vaccination and boosters
Bethany Girard 1 , Elisabeth Baum-Jones 2 , Rebecca L Best 2 , Thomas W Campbell 2 , Jack Coupart 2 , Kyla Dangerfield 2 , Abhilash Dhal 2 , Michael Jhatro 2 , Brian Martinez 2 , Jack Reifert 2 , John Shon 2 , Minlu Zhang 2 , Rebecca Waitz 2 , Spyros Chalkias 1 , Darin K Edwards 1 , Maha Maglinao 1 , Robert Paris 1 , Rolando Pajon 1
Affiliations
Background: Characterizing the antibody epitope profiles of messenger RNA (mRNA)-based vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 can aid in elucidating the mechanisms underlying the antibody-mediated immune responses elicited by these vaccines.
Methods: This study investigated the distinct antibody epitopes toward the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein targeted after a two-dose primary series of mRNA-1273 followed by a booster dose of mRNA-1273 or a variant-updated vaccine among serum samples from clinical trial adult participants.
Results: Multiple S-specific epitopes were targeted after primary vaccination; while signal decreased over time, a booster dose after >6 months largely revived waning antibody signals. Epitope identity also changed after booster vaccination in some subjects, with four new S-specific epitopes detected with stronger signals after boosting than with primary vaccination. Notably, the strength of antibody responses after booster vaccination differed by the exact vaccine formulation, with variant-updated mRNA-1273.211 and mRNA-1273.617.2 booster formulations inducing significantly stronger S-specific signals than a mRNA-1273 booster.
Conclusion: Overall, these results identify key S-specific epitopes targeted by antibodies induced by mRNA-1273 primary and variant-updated booster vaccination.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; antibody profile; dosing regimen; mRNA-1273.
. 2024 Mar 18:15:1285278.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1285278. eCollection 2024. Profiling antibody epitopes induced by mRNA-1273 vaccination and boosters
Bethany Girard 1 , Elisabeth Baum-Jones 2 , Rebecca L Best 2 , Thomas W Campbell 2 , Jack Coupart 2 , Kyla Dangerfield 2 , Abhilash Dhal 2 , Michael Jhatro 2 , Brian Martinez 2 , Jack Reifert 2 , John Shon 2 , Minlu Zhang 2 , Rebecca Waitz 2 , Spyros Chalkias 1 , Darin K Edwards 1 , Maha Maglinao 1 , Robert Paris 1 , Rolando Pajon 1
Affiliations
- PMID: 38562934
- PMCID: PMC10983613
- DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1285278
Background: Characterizing the antibody epitope profiles of messenger RNA (mRNA)-based vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 can aid in elucidating the mechanisms underlying the antibody-mediated immune responses elicited by these vaccines.
Methods: This study investigated the distinct antibody epitopes toward the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein targeted after a two-dose primary series of mRNA-1273 followed by a booster dose of mRNA-1273 or a variant-updated vaccine among serum samples from clinical trial adult participants.
Results: Multiple S-specific epitopes were targeted after primary vaccination; while signal decreased over time, a booster dose after >6 months largely revived waning antibody signals. Epitope identity also changed after booster vaccination in some subjects, with four new S-specific epitopes detected with stronger signals after boosting than with primary vaccination. Notably, the strength of antibody responses after booster vaccination differed by the exact vaccine formulation, with variant-updated mRNA-1273.211 and mRNA-1273.617.2 booster formulations inducing significantly stronger S-specific signals than a mRNA-1273 booster.
Conclusion: Overall, these results identify key S-specific epitopes targeted by antibodies induced by mRNA-1273 primary and variant-updated booster vaccination.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; antibody profile; dosing regimen; mRNA-1273.