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Vaccine
. 2023 Sep 1;S0264-410X(23)00954-4.
doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.08.022. Online ahead of print. Timeline kinetics of protective immunity to SARS-CoV-2 upon primary vaccination and humoral response to variants after booster dose
Maria da Penha Gomes Gouvea 1 , Ketty Lysie Libardi Lira Machado 2 , Yasmin Gurtler Pinheiro de Oliveira 1 , Isac Ribeiro Moulaz 3 , Allan Gonçalves Henriques 3 , Thayná Martins Gouveia 3 , Beatriz Paoli Thompson 3 , Karen Evelin Monlevade Lança 3 , Sabrina de Souza Ramos 3 , Gabriela Curto Cristianes Lacerda 3 , João Pedro Gonçalves Lenzi 3 , Felipe de Castro Pimentel 3 , João Pedro Moraes Miossi 3 , Matheus Leite Rassele 3 , Luiz Antônio Bastos Camacho 4 , Daniel Antunes Maciel Villela 5 , Sheila Maria Barbosa de Lima 6 , Adriana de Souza Azevedo 6 , Ingrid Siciliano Horbach 6 , Mia Ferreira de Araújo 7 , Luis Fernando Lopez Tort 7 , Any Caroline Alves de Oliveira 7 , Marilda Mendonça Siqueira 7 , Cristiana Couto Garcia 8 , Ismael Artur da Costa-Rocha 9 , Ana Carolina Campi-Azevedo 9 , Vanessa Peruhype-Magalhães 9 , Vanézia Gonçalves da Silva 1 , Samira Tatiyama Miyamoto 3 , Rosilene Nilo Dos Santos Fantoni 3 , Lauro Ferreira Pinto-Neto 10 , Carla Magda Domingues 11 , Nésio Fernandes de Medeiros Junior 12 , Ana Paula Burian 13 , Andréa Teixeira-Carvalho 9 , Licia Maria Henrique Mota 14 , José Geraldo Mill 1 , Olindo Assis Martins-Filho 15 , Valéria Valim 16
Affiliations
New variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have emerged, imposing the need for periodic booster doses. However, whether booster doses should be applied to the entire population or groups, and the booster doses interval, remains unclear. In this study, we evaluated humoral reactivity kinetics from before the first dose to 180 days after the third booster dose in different schedules in a well-controlled health worker cohort. Among the 2,506 employees, the first 500 vaccinated health workers were invited to participate. The third booster dose was administered 8 months after the first dose. Among the invited participants, 470 were included in the study; 258 received inactivated vaccine CoronaVac (VAC group) and 212 received viral vector vaccine ChAdOx1 (AZV group). The groups were homogeneous in terms of age and sex. 347 participants were followed up after the booster dose with AZV or BNT162b2 (Pfizer, BNT group): 63 with VAC/AZV, 117 with VAC/BNT, 72 with the AZV/AZV and 95 with AZV/BNT schedules. Blood samples were collected immediately before, 28 days after each dose and 180 days after the primary vaccination and booster dose. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were measured by chemiluminescence and plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT). Plasma immune mediators were quantified using a multiplex immunoassay. Geometric mean of antibodies increased 28 days after the second dose with 100 % seroconversion rate in both groups and decreased 180 days after the first dose. In the baseline-seropositive VAC group, the levels of plasma immune mediators increased after the second dose. Booster dose was applied at 4-6 months after the primary vaccination. Heterologous booster in VAC or AZV primary vaccinees were effective maintaining the titers of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies even after 6 months of follow-up. The heterologous schedule induced higher and stable antibody reactivity, even after 180 days, protecting to ancestral (Wuhan), Delta, and Omicron variants.
Keywords: BNT162b2; Booster dose; COVID-19; ChAdOx1 nCov-19; CoronaVac; Vaccine.
. 2023 Sep 1;S0264-410X(23)00954-4.
doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.08.022. Online ahead of print. Timeline kinetics of protective immunity to SARS-CoV-2 upon primary vaccination and humoral response to variants after booster dose
Maria da Penha Gomes Gouvea 1 , Ketty Lysie Libardi Lira Machado 2 , Yasmin Gurtler Pinheiro de Oliveira 1 , Isac Ribeiro Moulaz 3 , Allan Gonçalves Henriques 3 , Thayná Martins Gouveia 3 , Beatriz Paoli Thompson 3 , Karen Evelin Monlevade Lança 3 , Sabrina de Souza Ramos 3 , Gabriela Curto Cristianes Lacerda 3 , João Pedro Gonçalves Lenzi 3 , Felipe de Castro Pimentel 3 , João Pedro Moraes Miossi 3 , Matheus Leite Rassele 3 , Luiz Antônio Bastos Camacho 4 , Daniel Antunes Maciel Villela 5 , Sheila Maria Barbosa de Lima 6 , Adriana de Souza Azevedo 6 , Ingrid Siciliano Horbach 6 , Mia Ferreira de Araújo 7 , Luis Fernando Lopez Tort 7 , Any Caroline Alves de Oliveira 7 , Marilda Mendonça Siqueira 7 , Cristiana Couto Garcia 8 , Ismael Artur da Costa-Rocha 9 , Ana Carolina Campi-Azevedo 9 , Vanessa Peruhype-Magalhães 9 , Vanézia Gonçalves da Silva 1 , Samira Tatiyama Miyamoto 3 , Rosilene Nilo Dos Santos Fantoni 3 , Lauro Ferreira Pinto-Neto 10 , Carla Magda Domingues 11 , Nésio Fernandes de Medeiros Junior 12 , Ana Paula Burian 13 , Andréa Teixeira-Carvalho 9 , Licia Maria Henrique Mota 14 , José Geraldo Mill 1 , Olindo Assis Martins-Filho 15 , Valéria Valim 16
Affiliations
- PMID: 37661534
- DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.08.022
New variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have emerged, imposing the need for periodic booster doses. However, whether booster doses should be applied to the entire population or groups, and the booster doses interval, remains unclear. In this study, we evaluated humoral reactivity kinetics from before the first dose to 180 days after the third booster dose in different schedules in a well-controlled health worker cohort. Among the 2,506 employees, the first 500 vaccinated health workers were invited to participate. The third booster dose was administered 8 months after the first dose. Among the invited participants, 470 were included in the study; 258 received inactivated vaccine CoronaVac (VAC group) and 212 received viral vector vaccine ChAdOx1 (AZV group). The groups were homogeneous in terms of age and sex. 347 participants were followed up after the booster dose with AZV or BNT162b2 (Pfizer, BNT group): 63 with VAC/AZV, 117 with VAC/BNT, 72 with the AZV/AZV and 95 with AZV/BNT schedules. Blood samples were collected immediately before, 28 days after each dose and 180 days after the primary vaccination and booster dose. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were measured by chemiluminescence and plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT). Plasma immune mediators were quantified using a multiplex immunoassay. Geometric mean of antibodies increased 28 days after the second dose with 100 % seroconversion rate in both groups and decreased 180 days after the first dose. In the baseline-seropositive VAC group, the levels of plasma immune mediators increased after the second dose. Booster dose was applied at 4-6 months after the primary vaccination. Heterologous booster in VAC or AZV primary vaccinees were effective maintaining the titers of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies even after 6 months of follow-up. The heterologous schedule induced higher and stable antibody reactivity, even after 180 days, protecting to ancestral (Wuhan), Delta, and Omicron variants.
Keywords: BNT162b2; Booster dose; COVID-19; ChAdOx1 nCov-19; CoronaVac; Vaccine.