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Antiviral Res
. 2023 Mar 3;105556.
doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105556. Online ahead of print.
Heterologous boost with mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 Delta/Omicron variants following an inactivated whole-virus vaccine
Changrui Lu 1 , Yuntao Zhang 2 , Xiaohu Liu 3 , Fujun Hou 3 , Rujie Cai 1 , Zhibin Yu 3 , Fei Liu 1 , Guohuan Yang 1 , Jun Ding 3 , Jiang Xu 3 , Xianwu Hua 3 , Xinhua Cheng 1 , Xinping Pan 1 , Lianxiao Liu 1 , Kang Lin 1 , Zejun Wang 4 , Xinguo Li 4 , Jia Lu 4 , Qiu Zhang 4 , Yuwei Li 4 , Chunxia Hu 4 , Huifen Fan 4 , Xiaoke Liu 4 , Hui Wang 4 , Rui Jia 2 , Fangjingwei Xu 2 , Xuewei Wang 2 , Hongwei Huang 5 , Ronghua Zhao 5 , Jing Li 6 , Hang Cheng 6 , William Jia 7 , Xiaoming Yang 8
Affiliations
- PMID: 36871919
- DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105556
Abstract
The coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has mutated quickly and caused significant global damage. This study characterizes two mRNA vaccines ZSVG-02 (Delta) and ZSVG-02-O (Omicron BA.1), and associating heterologous prime-boost strategy following the prime of a most widely administrated inactivated whole-virus vaccine (BBIBP-CorV). The ZSVG-02-O induces neutralizing antibodies that effectively cross-react with Omicron subvariants. In naïve animals, ZSVG-02 or ZSVG-02-O induce humoral responses skewed to the vaccine's targeting strains, but cellular immune responses cross-react to all variants of concern (VOCs) tested. Following heterologous prime-boost regimes, animals present comparable neutralizing antibody levels and superior protection against Delta and Omicron BA.1variants. Single-boost only generated ancestral and omicron dual-responsive antibodies, probably by "recall" and "reshape" the prime immunity. New Omicron-specific antibody populations, however, appeared only following the second boost with ZSVG-02-O. Overall, our results support a heterologous boost with ZSVG-02-O, providing the best protection against current VOCs in inactivated virus vaccine-primed populations.