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Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles Provide Broad-Spectrum Protection against Influenza Virus Infection via Recruitment and Activation of Macrophages

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  • Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles Provide Broad-Spectrum Protection against Influenza Virus Infection via Recruitment and Activation of Macrophages

    J Innate Immun. 2019 Mar 7:1-14. doi: 10.1159/000494098. [Epub ahead of print]
    Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles Provide Broad-Spectrum Protection against Influenza Virus Infection via Recruitment and Activation of Macrophages.

    Bae EH1, Seo SH1, Kim CU1,2, Jang MS1, Song MS3, Lee TY1, Jeong YJ1, Lee MS1,4, Park JH5, Lee P1,4, Kim YS2, Kim SH6, Kim DJ7,8,9.
    Author information

    Abstract

    Influenza A virus (IAV) poses a constant worldwide threat to human health. Although conventional vaccines are available, their protective efficacy is type or strain specific, and their production is time-consuming. For the control of an influenza pandemic in particular, agents that are immediately effective against a wide range of virus variants should be developed. Although pretreatment of various Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands have already been reported to be effective in the defense against subsequent IAV infection, the efficacy was limited to specific subtypes, and safety concerns were also raised. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of an attenuated bacterial outer membrane vesicle -harboring modified lipid A moiety of lipopolysaccharide (fmOMV) against IAV infection and the underlying mechanisms. Administration of fmOMV conferred significant protection against a lethal dose of pandemic H1N1, PR8, H5N2, and highly pathogenic H5N1 viruses; this broad antiviral activity was dependent on macrophages but independent of neutrophils. fmOMV induced recruitment and activation of macrophages and elicited type I IFNs. Intriguingly, fmOMV showed a more significant protective effect than other TLR ligands tested in previous reports, without exhibiting any adverse effect. These results show the potential of fmOMV as a prophylactic agent for the defense against influenza virus infection.
    ? 2019 The Author(s) Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.


    KEYWORDS:

    Antiviral; Influenza; Macrophages; Outer membrane vesicle; Type I interferon

    PMID: 30844806 DOI: 10.1159/000494098
    Free full text

    Influenza A virus (IAV) poses a constant worldwide threat to human health. Although conventional vaccines are available, their protective efficacy is type or strain specific, and their production is time-consuming. For the control of an influenza pandemic in particular, agents that are immediately e …

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