Virol J . Transmission and pathogenicity of canine H3N2 influenza virus in dog and guinea pig models

[tetano]

Virol J


. 2022 Oct 12;19(1):162.
doi: 10.1186/s12985-022-01888-x.
Transmission and pathogenicity of canine H3N2 influenza virus in dog and guinea pig models


Ratanaporn Tangwangvivat ^{1 2 3} , Supassama Chaiyawong ^{1 2} , Nutthawan Nonthabenjawan ^{1 2} , Kamonpan Charoenkul ^{1 2} , Taveesak Janethanakit ^{1 2} , Kitikhun Udom ^{1 2} , Sawang Kesdangsakonwut ⁴ , Rachod Tantilertcharoen ⁴ , Aunyaratana Thontiravong ^{1 5} , Alongkorn Amonsin ^{6 7}



Affiliations

• PMID: 36224594
• DOI: 10.1186/s12985-022-01888-x

Free article

Abstract

Background: Influenza A virus causes respiratory disease in many animal species as well as in humans. Due to the high human-animal interface, the monitoring of canine influenza in dogs and the study of the transmission and pathogenicity of canine influenza in animals are important.
Methods: Eight-week-old beagle dogs (Canis lupus familaris) (n = 13) were used for the intraspecies transmission model. The dogs were inoculated intranasally with 1 ml of 10⁶ EID₅₀ per ml of canine H3N2 influenza virus (A/canine/Thailand/CU-DC5299/2012) (CIV-H3N2). In addition, 4-week-old guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) (n = 20) were used for the interspecies transmission model. The guinea pigs were inoculated intranasally with 300 µl of 10⁶ EID₅₀ per ml of CIV-H3N2.
Results: For the Thai CIV-H3N2 challenged in the dog model, the incoculated and direct contact dogs developed respiratory signs at 2 dpi. The dogs shed the virus in the respiratory tract at 1 dpi and developed an H3-specific antibody against the virus at 10 dpi. Lung congestion and histopathological changes in the lung were observed. For the Thai CIV-H3N2 challenge in the guinea pig model, the incoculated, direct contact and aerosol-exposed guinea pigs developed fever at 1-2 dpi. The guinea pigs shed virus in the respiratory tract at 2 dpi and developed an H3-specific antibody against the virus at 7 dpi. Mild histopathological changes in the lung were observed.
Conclusion: The result of this study demonstrated evidence of intraspecies and interspecies transmission of CIV-H3N2 in a mammalian model.

Keywords: Canine influenza; Dog; Guinea pigs; H3N2; Pathogenicity; Transmission.