Vaccines (Basel) A Nanoparticle-Poly(I:C) Combination Adjuvant Enhances the Breadth of the Immune Response to Inactivated Influenza Virus Vaccine in Pigs

[tetano]

Vaccines (Basel)


. 2020 May 18;8(2):E229.
doi: 10.3390/vaccines8020229.
A Nanoparticle-Poly(I:C) Combination Adjuvant Enhances the Breadth of the Immune Response to Inactivated Influenza Virus Vaccine in Pigs


Sankar Renu ^{1 2} , Ninoshkaly Feliciano-Ruiz ^{1 2} , Fangjia Lu ³ , Shristi Ghimire ^{1 2} , Yi Han ^{1 2} , Jennifer Schrock ^{1 2} , Santosh Dhakal ^{1 2} , Veerupaxagouda Patil ^{1 2} , Steven Krakowka ⁴ , Harm HogenEsch ³ , Gourapura J Renukaradhya ^{1 2}



Affiliations

• PMID: 32443416
• DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8020229

Free article

Abstract

Intranasal vaccination elicits secretory IgA (SIgA) antibodies in the airways, which is required for cross-protection against influenza. To enhance the breadth of immunity induced by a killed swine influenza virus antigen (KAg) or conserved T cell and B cell peptides, we adsorbed the antigens together with the TLR3 agonist poly(I:C) electrostatically onto cationic alpha-D-glucan nanoparticles (Nano-11) resulting in Nano-11-KAg-poly(I:C) and Nano-11-peptides-poly(I:C) vaccines. In vitro, increased TNF-α and IL-1? cytokine mRNA expression was observed in Nano-11-KAg-poly(I:C)-treated porcine monocyte-derived dendritic cells. Nano-11-KAg-poly(I:C), but not Nano-11-peptides-poly(I:C), delivered intranasally in pigs induced high levels of cross-reactive virus-specific SIgA antibodies secretion in the nasal passage and lungs compared to a multivalent commercial influenza virus vaccine administered intramuscularly. The commercial and Nano-11-KAg-poly(I:C) vaccinations increased the frequency of IFNγ secreting T cells. The poly(I:C) adjuvanted Nano-11-based vaccines increased various cytokine mRNA expressions in lymph nodes compared to the commercial vaccine. In addition, Nano-11-KAg-poly(I:C) vaccine elicited high levels of virus neutralizing antibodies in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Microscopic lung lesions and challenge virus load were partially reduced in poly(I:C) adjuvanted Nano-11 and commercial influenza vaccinates. In conclusion, compared to our earlier study with Nano-11-KAg vaccine, addition of poly(I:C) to the formulation improved cross-protective antibody and cytokine response.

Keywords: Nano-11; T and B cell peptides; intranasal vaccination; mucosal immunity; pigs; poly(I:C); swine influenza virus.