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Cureus
. 2023 Mar 20;15(3):e36437.
doi: 10.7759/cureus.36437. eCollection 2023 Mar.
Ovarian Vein Thrombosis: A Sequela of COVID-Associated Coagulopathy
Shlok V Patel 1 , Stuti Shah 2 , Rina Patel 3 , Shriya Bavishi 2 , Yashvi Pethani 2 , Kalp Shah 4
Affiliations
- PMID: 37090373
- PMCID: PMC10115594
- DOI: 10.7759/cureus.36437
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes endothelial damage, blood stasis, and an overall state of hypercoagulability. This makes COVID a huge risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE) and arterial thromboembolism (ATE). Twenty percent of COVID-19 patients suffer from coagulation abnormalities like pulmonary embolism, myocardial infarction, stroke, deep vein thrombosis, etc. Ovarian vein thrombosis (OVT) has been previously linked to post-partum period, pregnancy, hypercoagulable state, or malignancy. We analyzed PubMed and Google Scholar databases for research and publications regarding OVT in patients with COVID-19. The search yielded nine case reports. These case reports were found to implicate COVID-associated coagulopathy (CAC) as an additional risk factor for ovarian vein thrombosis (OVT). OVT most commonly presents with abdominal pain and fever, making it difficult to diagnose, owing to the similarity in presentation with multiple other pathologies. OVT can be diagnosed radiologically with ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, or CT scan with IV contrast. CT has been used as the modality of choice for diagnosing OVT. Although rare, OVT can cause life-endangering complications by extension of thrombus into systemic veins or pulmonary artery embolization. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment are vital. There is no official guideline for the treatment of OVT post-COVID. However, the literature supports the use of apixaban or enoxaparin/acenocoumarol.
Keywords: coronavirus disease 19; covid-19; hypercoagulability; ovarian vein thrombosis; venous thromboembolism.