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Open Forum Infect Dis
. 2021 Sep 3;9(2):ofab429.
doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofab429. eCollection 2022 Feb.
Clinical and Pregnancy Outcomes of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Among Hospitalized Pregnant Women in the United States
Christina M Ackerman 1 , Jennifer L Nguyen 2 , Swapna Ambati 3 , Maya Reimbaeva 2 , Birol Emir 2 , Javier Cabrera 4 5 , Michael Benigno 2 , Deepa Malhotra 2 , Jennifer Hammond 6 , Mert Ozan Bahtiyar 1
Affiliations
- PMID: 35071680
- PMCID: PMC8522379
- DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofab429
Abstract
Background: Pregnant women with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may be at greater risk of poor maternal and pregnancy outcomes. This retrospective analysis reports clinical and pregnancy outcomes among hospitalized pregnant women with COVID-19 in the United States.
Methods: The Premier Healthcare Database-Special Release was used to examine the impact of COVID-19 among pregnant women aged 15-44 years who were hospitalized and who delivered compared with pregnant women without COVID-19. Outcomes evaluated were COVID-19 clinical progression, including the use of supplemental oxygen therapy, intensive care unit admission, critical illness, receipt of invasive mechanical ventilation/extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, maternal death, and pregnancy outcomes, including preterm delivery and stillbirth.
Results: Overall, 473 902 hospitalized pregnant women were included, 8584 (1.8%) of whom had a COVID-19 diagnosis (mean age = 28.4 [standard deviation = 6.1] years; 40% Hispanic). The risk of poor clinical and pregnancy outcomes was greater among pregnant women with COVID-19 compared with pregnant women without a COVID-19 diagnosis in 2020; the risk of poor clinical and pregnancy outcomes increased with increasing age. Hispanic and Black non-Hispanic women were consistently observed to have the highest relative risk of experiencing poor clinical or pregnancy outcomes across all age groups.
Conclusions: Overall, COVID-19 had a significant negative impact on maternal health and pregnancy outcomes. These data help inform clinical practice and counseling to pregnant women regarding the risks of COVID-19. Clinical studies evaluating the safety and efficacy of vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in pregnant women are urgently needed.
Keywords: COVID-19; clinical outcomes; hospitalization; pregnancy outcomes.