Open Forum Infect Dis . Clinical Cutaneous Features of Patients Infected With SARS-CoV-2 Hospitalized for Pneumonia: A Cross-sectional Study

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Open Forum Infect Dis


. 2020 Oct 18;7(11):ofaa394.
doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofaa394. eCollection 2020 Nov.
Clinical Cutaneous Features of Patients Infected With SARS-CoV-2 Hospitalized for Pneumonia: A Cross-sectional Study


H?l?ne Mascitti ¹ , Benjamin Bonsang ² , Aur?lien Dinh ¹ , Florence Assan ¹ , V?ronique Perronne ¹ , Thibault Leblanc ¹ , Clara Duran ¹ , Fr?d?rique Bouchand ³ , Morgan Matt ¹ , Aur?lie Le Gal ¹ , Julia N'guyen Van Thanh ¹ , Aymeric Lanore ¹ , Louis Jacob ¹ , Nicolas Kiavue ¹ , Soline Sim?on ¹ , Simon Bessis ¹ , Pierre de Truchis ¹ , St?phanie Landowski ¹ , Benjamin Davido ¹ , Fr?d?rique Moreau ⁴ , Marie-Anne Rameix-Welti ⁴ , Elyanne Gault ⁴ , Jean-Louis Gaillard ⁴ , Anne-Laure Roux ⁴ , Val?rie Sivadon-Tardy ⁴ , Elsa Salomon ⁴ , Faten El Sayed ⁴ , Robert Carlier ⁵ , Jean-Fran?ois Emile ² , Christian Perronne ¹ , Isabelle Bourgault-Villada ⁶



Affiliations

• PMID: 33204745
• PMCID: PMC7650967
• DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofaa394

Abstract

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of a current pandemic worldwide. This virus can reach all organs and disturbs the immune system, leading to a cytokine storm in severe forms. We aimed to report cutaneous features among coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) hospitalized patients.
Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study on 1 given day among all patients hospitalized in acute care for COVID-19 and included all patients with cutaneous features. Follow-up 48 hours later was obtained.
Results: Among 59 adult patients hospitalized on the day of the study in an infectious diseases ward for SARS-CoV-2 infection who were confirmed by molecular assay and/or radiological findings (computed tomography scan), 40 were included. Several cutaneous manifestations were found: macular exanthema (80%), face edema (32%), livedo (13%), urticarial rash (8%), purpura (5%), oral lichenoid lesions (33%), and conjunctivitis (18%). Cutaneous biopsy was performed in 17 patients. Histological findings showed mast cell hyperplasia (100%), superficial perivascular infiltrate of lymphocytes (94%), and superficial edema (47%) consistent with capillary leak.
Conclusions: Various dermatological signs can be encountered during COVID-19. A macular rash was the most frequent. All cutaneous features could be related to a vascular leak process.

Keywords: COVID-19; dermatology; exanthema; pandemics; pneumonia.