World J Clin Cases . One disease, many faces-typical and atypical presentations of SARS-CoV-2 infection-related COVID-19 disease

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World J Clin Cases


. 2020 Sep 26;8(18):3956-3970.
doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i18.3956.
One disease, many faces-typical and atypical presentations of SARS-CoV-2 infection-related COVID-19 disease


Cyriac Abby Philips ¹ , Narain Mohan ² , Rizwan Ahamed ³ , Sandeep Kumbar ³ , Sasidharan Rajesh ⁴ , Tom George ⁴ , Meera Mohanan ⁵ , Philip Augustine ³



Affiliations

• PMID: 33024752
• PMCID: PMC7520786
• DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i18.3956

Abstract

Since the appearance of the novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2) and related coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China in December 2019, a very high number of small and large patient series have been published in literature from around the world. Even though the classical presentation of COVID-19 is one with respiratory symptoms with or without pneumonia that can be self-limiting or evolve into severe respiratory distress syndrome with multiple organ failure, and secondary bacterial sepsis, a large body of evidence suggests a plethora of other types of clinical presentation. In this exhaustive review, we reviewed all of the published literature on COVID-19 to identify different types of clinical presentations affecting various organ systems, to provide an in-depth analysis that may prove useful for clinicians and health-workers on the frontline, battling the severe pandemic.

Keywords: Adult respiratory distress syndrome; COVID-19; Centers for disease control; SARS-CoV-2; Sepsis; World Health Organization.