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Int J Med Sci
. 2025 Jun 9;22(12):2884-2895.
doi: 10.7150/ijms.112282. eCollection 2025. Long-term Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Omicron COVID-19 and Elevated Cardiac Biomarkers: A Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study in Shanghai, China
Shun Yao 1 , Yamei Xu 1 , Zhonglei Xie 1 2 , Shuai Yuan 1 , Junqing Gao 3 , Qianwei Chen 4 , Kailei Shi 4 , Zongjun Liu 3 , Xiaotong Cui 1 , Yanyan Wang 1 , Yu Song 1 , Xueting Han 1 , Junbo Ge 1 , Zhenju Song 5 , Jingmin Zhou 1
Affiliations
Background: The long-term cardiovascular outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 omicron-infected patients remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate acute and long-term cardiovascular risks in hospitalized omicron-infected patients with elevated cardiac biomarkers. Methods: We included 3012 patients hospitalized in Shanghai, China, between December 1, 2022, and January 31, 2023. Participants were stratified into four groups based on cardiac troponin T (cTnT) and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), all-cause death, cardiovascular death, and cardiovascular-related rehospitalization were evaluated over a 12-month follow-up. Results: Patients with elevated cTnT and high NT-proBNP had significantly higher risks of MACEs (HRadj=2.85, 95% CI 1.58-5.12), all-cause death (HRadj=5.56, 95% CI 1.51-20.52), cardiovascular death (HRadj=11.97, 95% CI 1.40-102.46), and cardiovascular-related rehospitalization (HRadj=2.38, 95% CI 1.28-4.42). The finding of Subgroup analyses indicated the risk of MACEs were independent of age, gender, hypertension, coronary artery disease, acute coronary syndrome, or heart failure. Conclusions: Elevated cTnT and NT-proBNP levels during the acute phase of omicron infection predict a substantially increased risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes within 12 months.
Keywords: N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP); Omicron variant; cardiac troponins T (cTnT); coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
. 2025 Jun 9;22(12):2884-2895.
doi: 10.7150/ijms.112282. eCollection 2025. Long-term Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Omicron COVID-19 and Elevated Cardiac Biomarkers: A Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study in Shanghai, China
Shun Yao 1 , Yamei Xu 1 , Zhonglei Xie 1 2 , Shuai Yuan 1 , Junqing Gao 3 , Qianwei Chen 4 , Kailei Shi 4 , Zongjun Liu 3 , Xiaotong Cui 1 , Yanyan Wang 1 , Yu Song 1 , Xueting Han 1 , Junbo Ge 1 , Zhenju Song 5 , Jingmin Zhou 1
Affiliations
- PMID: 40657401
- PMCID: PMC12243857
- DOI: 10.7150/ijms.112282
Background: The long-term cardiovascular outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 omicron-infected patients remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate acute and long-term cardiovascular risks in hospitalized omicron-infected patients with elevated cardiac biomarkers. Methods: We included 3012 patients hospitalized in Shanghai, China, between December 1, 2022, and January 31, 2023. Participants were stratified into four groups based on cardiac troponin T (cTnT) and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), all-cause death, cardiovascular death, and cardiovascular-related rehospitalization were evaluated over a 12-month follow-up. Results: Patients with elevated cTnT and high NT-proBNP had significantly higher risks of MACEs (HRadj=2.85, 95% CI 1.58-5.12), all-cause death (HRadj=5.56, 95% CI 1.51-20.52), cardiovascular death (HRadj=11.97, 95% CI 1.40-102.46), and cardiovascular-related rehospitalization (HRadj=2.38, 95% CI 1.28-4.42). The finding of Subgroup analyses indicated the risk of MACEs were independent of age, gender, hypertension, coronary artery disease, acute coronary syndrome, or heart failure. Conclusions: Elevated cTnT and NT-proBNP levels during the acute phase of omicron infection predict a substantially increased risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes within 12 months.
Keywords: N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP); Omicron variant; cardiac troponins T (cTnT); coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).