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Parkinsonism & Related Disoreder
Volume 16, Issue 9, Pages 566-571 (November 2010)
Parkinsonism and neurological manifestations of influenza throughout the 20th and 21st centuries☆
Julia Henrya, Richard J. Smeyneb, Haeman Jangb, Bayard Millerc, Michael S. OkundCorresponding Author Informationemail address
Received 29 April 2010; received in revised form 19 June 2010; accepted 20 June 2010.
Abstract
Purpose
Given the recent paper by Jang et al. on ?A Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Influenza Virus? which reported a novel animal model of parkinsonism, we aimed to perform a complete historical review of the 20th and 21st century literature on parkinsonism and neurological manifestations of influenza.
Scope
There were at least twelve major flu pandemics reported in the literature in the 20th and 21st century. Neurological manifestations most prevalent during the pandemics included delirium, encephalitis, ocular abnormalities, amyotrophy, myelopathy, radiculopathy, ataxia and seizures. Very little parkinsonism was reported with the exception of the 1917 cases originally described by von Economo.
Conclusions
To date there have been surprisingly few cases of neurological issues inclusive of parkinsonism associated with influenza pandemics. Given the recent animal model of H5N1 influenza associated parkinsonism, the medical establishment should be prepared to evaluate for the re-emergence of parkinsonism during future outbreaks.
Volume 16, Issue 9, Pages 566-571 (November 2010)
Parkinsonism and neurological manifestations of influenza throughout the 20th and 21st centuries☆
Julia Henrya, Richard J. Smeyneb, Haeman Jangb, Bayard Millerc, Michael S. OkundCorresponding Author Informationemail address
Received 29 April 2010; received in revised form 19 June 2010; accepted 20 June 2010.
Abstract
Purpose
Given the recent paper by Jang et al. on ?A Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Influenza Virus? which reported a novel animal model of parkinsonism, we aimed to perform a complete historical review of the 20th and 21st century literature on parkinsonism and neurological manifestations of influenza.
Scope
There were at least twelve major flu pandemics reported in the literature in the 20th and 21st century. Neurological manifestations most prevalent during the pandemics included delirium, encephalitis, ocular abnormalities, amyotrophy, myelopathy, radiculopathy, ataxia and seizures. Very little parkinsonism was reported with the exception of the 1917 cases originally described by von Economo.
Conclusions
To date there have been surprisingly few cases of neurological issues inclusive of parkinsonism associated with influenza pandemics. Given the recent animal model of H5N1 influenza associated parkinsonism, the medical establishment should be prepared to evaluate for the re-emergence of parkinsonism during future outbreaks.
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