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J Biochem. 2017 Oct 3. doi: 10.1093/jb/mvx062. [Epub ahead of print]
Aureobasidium pullulans-cultured fluid induces IL-18 production, leading to Th1-polarization during influenza A virus infection.
Fujikura D1,2, Muramatsu D3, Toyomane K1, Chiba S1, Daito T4, Iwai A3, Kouwaki T5, Okamoto M5, Higashi H1, Kida H6,7, Oshiumi H4,5,8.
Author information
Abstract
Several microbial molecules with pathogen-associated molecular patterns stimulate host innate immune responses. The innate immune system plays a crucial role in activating acquired immune response via cytokine production and antigen presentation. Previous studies have shown that Aureobasidium pullulans-cultured fluid (AP-CF), which contains β-glucan, exhibits adjuvant activity and renders mice resistance to influenza A virus infection; however, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. In this study, we investigated the innate immune response to AP-CF. We found that intraperitoneal administration of AP-CF increased the serum level of IL-18 and the number of splenic IFN-γ producing CD4+ cells during influenza A virus infection. The adjuvant effect of AP-CF was distinct from that of alum, which is known to have the ability to stimulate a Th2 immune response. In addition, AP-CF injection barely increased the number of peritoneal neutrophils and inflammatory macrophages, whereas alum injection markedly increased the number of neutrophils and inflammatory macrophages, suggesting that AP-CF is a weak inducer of inflammation compared to alum. AP-CF induced IL-18 production by DC2.4 cells, a dendritic cell line, and by peritoneal exudate cells that include peritoneal macrophages. Collectively, our findings indicate that AP-CF is an adjuvant that promotes the Th1 response during influenza A virus infection.
? The Authors 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Japanese Biochemical Society. All rights reserved.
KEYWORDS:
Aureobasidium pullulans; adjuvant; infection; influenza A virus; innate immunity
PMID: 29036651 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvx062
Aureobasidium pullulans-cultured fluid induces IL-18 production, leading to Th1-polarization during influenza A virus infection.
Fujikura D1,2, Muramatsu D3, Toyomane K1, Chiba S1, Daito T4, Iwai A3, Kouwaki T5, Okamoto M5, Higashi H1, Kida H6,7, Oshiumi H4,5,8.
Author information
Abstract
Several microbial molecules with pathogen-associated molecular patterns stimulate host innate immune responses. The innate immune system plays a crucial role in activating acquired immune response via cytokine production and antigen presentation. Previous studies have shown that Aureobasidium pullulans-cultured fluid (AP-CF), which contains β-glucan, exhibits adjuvant activity and renders mice resistance to influenza A virus infection; however, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. In this study, we investigated the innate immune response to AP-CF. We found that intraperitoneal administration of AP-CF increased the serum level of IL-18 and the number of splenic IFN-γ producing CD4+ cells during influenza A virus infection. The adjuvant effect of AP-CF was distinct from that of alum, which is known to have the ability to stimulate a Th2 immune response. In addition, AP-CF injection barely increased the number of peritoneal neutrophils and inflammatory macrophages, whereas alum injection markedly increased the number of neutrophils and inflammatory macrophages, suggesting that AP-CF is a weak inducer of inflammation compared to alum. AP-CF induced IL-18 production by DC2.4 cells, a dendritic cell line, and by peritoneal exudate cells that include peritoneal macrophages. Collectively, our findings indicate that AP-CF is an adjuvant that promotes the Th1 response during influenza A virus infection.
? The Authors 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Japanese Biochemical Society. All rights reserved.
KEYWORDS:
Aureobasidium pullulans; adjuvant; infection; influenza A virus; innate immunity
PMID: 29036651 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvx062