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J Med Virol
. 2024 Sep;96(9):e29871.
doi: 10.1002/jmv.29871. N121T and N121S substitutions on the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein impact on serum neutralization
Van Thi Lo 1 , Hyun A Lim 1 , Seong Sik Jang 1 , Min Chan Kim 1 , Alain Chrysler Chamfort 1 , Ha Yeon Kim 1 , Da Young Mun 1 , Min Chang Kang 1 , Han Byul Lee 1 , Sunjoo Kim 2 , Younghee Lee 1 , Sangkyu Park 1 , Sun-Woo Yoon 3 , Hye Kwon Kim 1
Affiliations
The N121 site on the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 is associated with heme and its metabolite, biliverdin, which can affect antibody binding. Both N121T and N121S substitutions have been observed in natural conditions and in a hamster model of dual infection with SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza A virus. Serum pseudotype neutralization assays against HIV-1 particles carrying wild-type, N121T, and N121S spikes with immune mouse and human sera revealed that N121T and N121S mutations had a greater impact on serum neutralization than biliverdin treatment. Although N121T and N121S substitutions are not currently major SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, this study could provide fundamental information to prepare for potential future mutations at the N121 site of SARS-CoV-2.
Keywords: N121S; N121T; NTD; SARS‐CoV‐2; biliverdin; neutralizing.
. 2024 Sep;96(9):e29871.
doi: 10.1002/jmv.29871. N121T and N121S substitutions on the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein impact on serum neutralization
Van Thi Lo 1 , Hyun A Lim 1 , Seong Sik Jang 1 , Min Chan Kim 1 , Alain Chrysler Chamfort 1 , Ha Yeon Kim 1 , Da Young Mun 1 , Min Chang Kang 1 , Han Byul Lee 1 , Sunjoo Kim 2 , Younghee Lee 1 , Sangkyu Park 1 , Sun-Woo Yoon 3 , Hye Kwon Kim 1
Affiliations
- PMID: 39221474
- DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29871
The N121 site on the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 is associated with heme and its metabolite, biliverdin, which can affect antibody binding. Both N121T and N121S substitutions have been observed in natural conditions and in a hamster model of dual infection with SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza A virus. Serum pseudotype neutralization assays against HIV-1 particles carrying wild-type, N121T, and N121S spikes with immune mouse and human sera revealed that N121T and N121S mutations had a greater impact on serum neutralization than biliverdin treatment. Although N121T and N121S substitutions are not currently major SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, this study could provide fundamental information to prepare for potential future mutations at the N121 site of SARS-CoV-2.
Keywords: N121S; N121T; NTD; SARS‐CoV‐2; biliverdin; neutralizing.