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Immunity
. 2024 Feb 19:S1074-7613(24)00043-8.
doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.01.017. Online ahead of print. SARS-CoV-2-infection- and vaccine-induced antibody responses are long lasting with an initial waning phase followed by a stabilization phase
Komal Srivastava 1 , Juan Manuel Carreño 1 , Charles Gleason 1 , Brian Monahan 1 , Gagandeep Singh 1 , Anass Abbad 1 , Johnstone Tcheou 1 , Ariel Raskin 1 , Giulio Kleiner 1 , Harm van Bakel 2 , Emilia Mia Sordillo 3 ; PARIS Study Group 1 ; Florian Krammer 4 , Viviana Simon 5
Collaborators, Affiliations
It is thought that mRNA-based vaccine-induced immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) wanes quickly, based mostly on short-term studies. Here, we analyzed the kinetics and durability of the humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination using >8,000 longitudinal samples collected over a 3-year period in New York City. Upon primary immunization, participants with pre-existing immunity mounted higher antibody responses faster and achieved higher steady-state antibody titers than naive individuals. Antibody kinetics were characterized by two phases: an initial rapid decay, followed by a stabilization phase with very slow decay. Booster vaccination equalized the differences in antibody concentration between participants with and without hybrid immunity, but the peak antibody titers decreased with each successive antigen exposure. Breakthrough infections increased antibodies to similar titers as an additional vaccine dose in naive individuals. Our study provides strong evidence that SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses are long lasting, with initial waning followed by stabilization.
Keywords: COVID-19 vaccines; SARS-CoV-2 immunity; SARS-CoV-2 variants; antibodies; breakthrough infections; durability; hybrid immunity; longitudinal study; modeling antibody kinetics; reactogenicity.
. 2024 Feb 19:S1074-7613(24)00043-8.
doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.01.017. Online ahead of print. SARS-CoV-2-infection- and vaccine-induced antibody responses are long lasting with an initial waning phase followed by a stabilization phase
Komal Srivastava 1 , Juan Manuel Carreño 1 , Charles Gleason 1 , Brian Monahan 1 , Gagandeep Singh 1 , Anass Abbad 1 , Johnstone Tcheou 1 , Ariel Raskin 1 , Giulio Kleiner 1 , Harm van Bakel 2 , Emilia Mia Sordillo 3 ; PARIS Study Group 1 ; Florian Krammer 4 , Viviana Simon 5
Collaborators, Affiliations
- PMID: 38395697
- DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.01.017
It is thought that mRNA-based vaccine-induced immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) wanes quickly, based mostly on short-term studies. Here, we analyzed the kinetics and durability of the humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination using >8,000 longitudinal samples collected over a 3-year period in New York City. Upon primary immunization, participants with pre-existing immunity mounted higher antibody responses faster and achieved higher steady-state antibody titers than naive individuals. Antibody kinetics were characterized by two phases: an initial rapid decay, followed by a stabilization phase with very slow decay. Booster vaccination equalized the differences in antibody concentration between participants with and without hybrid immunity, but the peak antibody titers decreased with each successive antigen exposure. Breakthrough infections increased antibodies to similar titers as an additional vaccine dose in naive individuals. Our study provides strong evidence that SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses are long lasting, with initial waning followed by stabilization.
Keywords: COVID-19 vaccines; SARS-CoV-2 immunity; SARS-CoV-2 variants; antibodies; breakthrough infections; durability; hybrid immunity; longitudinal study; modeling antibody kinetics; reactogenicity.