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Clin Infect Dis. 2019 Sep 20. pii: ciz908. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciz908. [Epub ahead of print]
Baloxavir marboxil in Japanese pediatric patients with influenza: safety and clinical and virologic outcomes.
Hirotsu N1, Sakaguchi H2, Sato C2, Ishibashi T2, Baba K2, Omoto S2, Shishido T2, Tsuchiya K2, Hayden FG3, Uehara T2, Watanabe A4.
Author information
1 Hirotsu Clinic, Kanagawa, Japan. 2 Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan. 3 University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA. 4 Research Division for Development of Anti-Infective Agents, Faculty of Medical Science and Welfare, Tohoku Bunka Gakuen University, Sendai, Japan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
We assessed the safety and effectiveness of baloxavir marboxil administration in Japanese children with influenza.
METHODS:
This open-label study administered one weigth-adjusted dose of baloxavir to 107 children aged 1-11 years with laboratory-confirmed, febrile influenza virus infection of <48 hours duration.
RESULTS:
Adverse events (AEs) were reported in 34.6% of patients, most commonly vomiting (7.5%); no serious AEs or AEs causing discontinuation occurred. The median time to alleviation of influenza illness was 44.6 hours (95% confidence interval 38.9, 62.5 hours), to resolution of fever 21.4 hours, and to sustained cessation of infectious viral shedding was 24.0 hours. However, viruses with amino acid substitutions in the viral polymerase acidic protein at position I38 (PA/I38T/M) emerged in 18 of 77 (23.4%) patients. Emergence was associated with longer infectious virus detectability (median time, 180.0 hours) and time to illness alleviation (median, 79.6 vs 42.8 hours in patients without PA/I38T/M-substituted viruses). Among patients with PA/I38T/M-substituted virus emergence, those with baseline HAI antibody titer <40 experienced delay in time to illness alleviation (median, 85.4 vs 56.0 hours in patients with higher baseline HAI antibody titer).
CONCLUSION:
A single, oral dose of baloxavir marboxil was well-tolerated, and rapidly reduced viral titers, but the common emergence of PA/I38T/M-substituted viruses warrants consideration of alternative dosing regimens in young children.
? The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America.
KEYWORDS:
Antiviral; Baloxavir Marboxil; Children; Influenza; Japan
PMID: 31538644 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciz908
Baloxavir marboxil in Japanese pediatric patients with influenza: safety and clinical and virologic outcomes.
Hirotsu N1, Sakaguchi H2, Sato C2, Ishibashi T2, Baba K2, Omoto S2, Shishido T2, Tsuchiya K2, Hayden FG3, Uehara T2, Watanabe A4.
Author information
1 Hirotsu Clinic, Kanagawa, Japan. 2 Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan. 3 University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA. 4 Research Division for Development of Anti-Infective Agents, Faculty of Medical Science and Welfare, Tohoku Bunka Gakuen University, Sendai, Japan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
We assessed the safety and effectiveness of baloxavir marboxil administration in Japanese children with influenza.
METHODS:
This open-label study administered one weigth-adjusted dose of baloxavir to 107 children aged 1-11 years with laboratory-confirmed, febrile influenza virus infection of <48 hours duration.
RESULTS:
Adverse events (AEs) were reported in 34.6% of patients, most commonly vomiting (7.5%); no serious AEs or AEs causing discontinuation occurred. The median time to alleviation of influenza illness was 44.6 hours (95% confidence interval 38.9, 62.5 hours), to resolution of fever 21.4 hours, and to sustained cessation of infectious viral shedding was 24.0 hours. However, viruses with amino acid substitutions in the viral polymerase acidic protein at position I38 (PA/I38T/M) emerged in 18 of 77 (23.4%) patients. Emergence was associated with longer infectious virus detectability (median time, 180.0 hours) and time to illness alleviation (median, 79.6 vs 42.8 hours in patients without PA/I38T/M-substituted viruses). Among patients with PA/I38T/M-substituted virus emergence, those with baseline HAI antibody titer <40 experienced delay in time to illness alleviation (median, 85.4 vs 56.0 hours in patients with higher baseline HAI antibody titer).
CONCLUSION:
A single, oral dose of baloxavir marboxil was well-tolerated, and rapidly reduced viral titers, but the common emergence of PA/I38T/M-substituted viruses warrants consideration of alternative dosing regimens in young children.
? The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America.
KEYWORDS:
Antiviral; Baloxavir Marboxil; Children; Influenza; Japan
PMID: 31538644 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciz908