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12 September 2024
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aohep.2024.101566
Edgar Denova-Gutiérrez a, Berenice Rivera-Paredez b, Amado D. Quezada-Sánchez c, Brianda I. Armenta-Guirado d, Paloma Muñoz-Aguirre e, Yvonne N. Flores f g h, Rafael Velázquez-Cruz i, Jorge Salmerón b e
ABSTRACT
Introduction and Objectives
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common clinical condition and an important public health problem. Some epidemiological studies have suggested that soft drinks (SD) intake is associated with NAFLD. However, the evidence is inconsistent. Our objective was to assess the association between SD consumption and the risk of NAFLD in the Mexican adult population.
Materials and Methods
A total of 1,759 participants from the Health Workers Cohort Study (HWCS) were included in the analyses. SD intake was measured using a validated food frequency questionnaire. We classified SD consumption as follows: a) less than 1 serving per week, b) 1 to less than 3.5 servings per week, and c) 3.5 or more servings per week. Hepatic steatosis index (HSI) was calculated based on sex, BMI, and blood transaminase levels, and was categorized as NAFLD ≥ 36. To assess the relation between SD and NAFLD, we followed two approaches: fixed effects logistic regression and generalized estimating equations.
Results
After adjusting for demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and dietary intake, the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for NAFLD were 1.26 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.55) for 1 to less than 3.5 servings per week and 1.42 (95% CI: 1.15, 1.74) for ≥3.5 servings/week category in both sexes. When stratifying the analysis by sex, we observed that the association was greater in men than in women.
Conclusions
The results from our prospective study indicate that SD consumption is associated with an increased risk of NAFLD.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aohep.2024.101566
Edgar Denova-Gutiérrez a, Berenice Rivera-Paredez b, Amado D. Quezada-Sánchez c, Brianda I. Armenta-Guirado d, Paloma Muñoz-Aguirre e, Yvonne N. Flores f g h, Rafael Velázquez-Cruz i, Jorge Salmerón b e
ABSTRACT
Introduction and Objectives
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common clinical condition and an important public health problem. Some epidemiological studies have suggested that soft drinks (SD) intake is associated with NAFLD. However, the evidence is inconsistent. Our objective was to assess the association between SD consumption and the risk of NAFLD in the Mexican adult population.
Materials and Methods
A total of 1,759 participants from the Health Workers Cohort Study (HWCS) were included in the analyses. SD intake was measured using a validated food frequency questionnaire. We classified SD consumption as follows: a) less than 1 serving per week, b) 1 to less than 3.5 servings per week, and c) 3.5 or more servings per week. Hepatic steatosis index (HSI) was calculated based on sex, BMI, and blood transaminase levels, and was categorized as NAFLD ≥ 36. To assess the relation between SD and NAFLD, we followed two approaches: fixed effects logistic regression and generalized estimating equations.
Results
After adjusting for demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and dietary intake, the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for NAFLD were 1.26 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.55) for 1 to less than 3.5 servings per week and 1.42 (95% CI: 1.15, 1.74) for ≥3.5 servings/week category in both sexes. When stratifying the analysis by sex, we observed that the association was greater in men than in women.
Conclusions
The results from our prospective study indicate that SD consumption is associated with an increased risk of NAFLD.
