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Bolivia: New case of flu A-H1N1 questions efficacy of vaccine

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  • Bolivia: New case of flu A-H1N1 questions efficacy of vaccine

    A new case of flu A-H1N1, which appeared in a nurse of the Maternal - infantile Hospital of the National Box of Health (CNS), immunized against this virus, questions the efficacy of the vaccine against this illness. Yesterday in this hospital one proceeded to the fumigation of the ambiences, as one more of the measurements that were assumed after be known that two nurses contracted the influenza, one of them that had received the vaccine and other one not. “ On having had knowledge of two cases of flu A-H1N1 in our center, we have taken the pertinent measures that it would be the environmental disinfection and previously the measurements of mechanical protection like they are the use of barbijos and the hand wash, which we have been always handling ”, reported the person in charge of service of operating theatre, Carmen Hinojosa Fernández. It indicated that in accordance with the evolution of every patient, the doctors have proceeded to give the corresponding discharge and the rest of the patients, they have been transferred to other rooms of the hospital. “ We do not know where it has been the initial contagion of the personnel that regrettably has suffered the flu A-H1N1 and we have been notified of this by the Departmental Service of Health (Sedate), and we have taken the pertinent measures, both with the personnel and with the ambience ”,
    he said. It showed that scarcely they received the laboratory result (hisopado), the nurses were dismissed. It affirmed that there does not exist the possibility that any child or mother has been infected by the virus, because the forecasts of the case took. It indicated that one of them received the vaccine and other one not because when the campaign of vaccination was realized it was away on holiday. “ This is what alarms us, because theoretically for what we wait after a vaccination is that already the illness is not acquired but regrettably one of the nurses who has been vaccinated has contracted the illness ”, it pointed out, Carmen Hinojosa. With regard to the efficacy of the vaccine, it recounted that “ he would not risk saying to me that it is ineffective, but if we analyze coldly we would have to say that yes, because this person has been vaccinated and contracted the illness ”, it supported. The environmental disinfection has developed yesterday from 9:00, activity that was coordinated by the personnel of the Head offices.

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  • #2
    Re: Bolivia: New case of flu A-H1N1 questions efficacy of vaccine

    It is not clear if the above mentioned case of influenza was actually caused by H1N1 (2009) or a seasonal strain such as A(H3N2) or influenza B.

    However, even the case, this does not mean that trivalent seasonal vaccine is not effective against the vast majority of H1N1 (2009) strains that are currently circulating in the world.

    It was estimated that the monovalent pandemic H1N1 (2009) vaccine was effective in more than 50% of the cases.

    Some instances of vaccine failure can happen for different causes, for example individual weak immune response, or even because of an infection by an escape variant.

    There are two recent World Health Organization pieces:

    Influenza update 118 (October 8 2010)

    Source: http://www.who.int/csr/disease/influ.../en/index.html

    Source at FT: http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/sho...38&postcount=1

    [...]

    Southern hemisphere temperate countries

    The winter influenza transmission season of the temperate countries of the southern hemisphere is now waning in most areas. The most common virus types associated with the influenza season of 2010 in the temperate southern hemisphere have varied greatly depending on the location.

    In Australia, influenza-like illness (ILI) activity, hospital, and intensive care unit admissions related to influenza in Australian sentinel hospitals have all decreased in the past week.

    The H1N1 (2009) influenza virus is still the most frequently detected virus in Australia, with a lower number of influenza type B and A(H3N2) viruses.

    Rates of ILI activity in New Zealand are below the baseline level for the second week with a low rate of influenza virus detection. The most common influenza virus found this season in New Zealand is H1N1 (2009) with very few other subtypes detected.

    In the southern cone of South America, overall respiratory disease activity is decreasing, with a mixed picture of influenza viruses.

    In Chile the seasonal outbreak arrived at a later time than normal and respiratory disease activity is still high but decreasing, indicating that the peak activity has passed. Reported cases of severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) caused by influenza have decreased the last weeks, and emergency consultations for pneumonia have also declined. Although some regions of the country have experienced higher ILI activity this year than during last year's outbreak of H1N1 (2009), at a national level overall activity has been much lower. The most frequently detected virus in Chile this season has been A(H3N2) with co-circulation of smaller numbers of H1N1 (2009) and even fewer influenza type B viruses.

    The influenza season in South Africa has peaked and is declining; influenza type B was the predominant virus of the season co-circulating with H1N1 (2009) and A(H3N2). The median age of influenza cases in South Africa was lower for those with H1N1 (2009) and influenza B infections than for those with influenza A(H3N2).
    [...]

    From Weekly Epidemiological Record:

    Source: http://www.who.int/wer/2010/wer8541.pdf
    Source at FT: http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/sho...99&postcount=1

    [...]
    Antigenic and genetic characteristics of recent isolates

    Influenza A(H1N1) viruses

    The vast majority of A(H1N1) viruses detected worldwide during this period were pandemic A(H1N1); only a small number of seasonal A(H1N1) viruses were confirmed.

    Haemagglutination inhibition (HI) tests using postinfection ferret antisera indicated that pandemic A(H1N1) viruses remained antigenically homogeneous and closely related to the vaccine virus A/California/7/2009.

    Sequence analysis of pandemic A(H1N1) viruses indicated increasing genetic heterogeneity.

    A small number of viruses showed reductions in reactivity in HI assays with some ferret antisera raised against a panel of representative viruses including the vaccine virus, but they did not form distinct genetic subclades.

    The small number of seasonal A(H1N1) viruses, from China, were generally antigenically and genetically closely related to A/Brisbane/59/2007.

    [...]
    -
    -----

    Comment


    • #3
      Re: Bolivia: New case of flu A-H1N1 questions efficacy of vaccine

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      There is room for error in vaccines

      ? Maternal and Child Hospital closed until Monday October 18

      Thursday 14 of octube 2010 - Oruro - Regional
      THE NATION

      The possibility that a person is immunized against a disease is not 100% worldwide have an efficiency of 84% to 90%, with a margin of 10%, despite being immunized a person can contract a disease.

      This problem was evident in the Maternal and Child Hospital in the presence of two nurses who tested positive to influenza A-H1N1, considering that one of them were immunized against the disease.

      "We can not dismiss that the vaccine is not effective because the large number of people who had contacts in different health centers have not contracted the disease, such practices occur because they are viral vaccines, but they help to lower the intensity of the disease, "said the head of the Department of Health Services (Headquarters), Ernesto Vasquez.

      TEMPORARY CLOSURE

      In order to safeguard the health of the public sector authorities determined the temporary closure of Mother and Child Hospital, until Monday 18 October.

      Comment


      • #4
        Re: Bolivia: New case of flu A-H1N1 questions efficacy of vaccine

        No vaccines have an efficacy of 100%; even the monovalent vaccine for pandemic H1N1 (2009) influenza has demonstrated to achieve protection in more than 50% of recipients, a level considered satisfactory when compared with the previous seasonal formulations.

        The late southern hemisphere 2010 winter season could raise suspect about the emergence of an escape variant, although so far no data is available to substantiate this theory.

        Individual health condition could explain sporadic vaccine failure; however, kept in mind the most recent papers about Australian and New Zealander drifted strains, a virological evaluation performed by national and supernational health authorities is anticipated.

        The Euro Surveillance paper(*) suggested that the post-infection human sera collected for study demonstrated a reduction of around 50% in inhibition of the drift variant, but ferrets antisera assays doesn't supported a dramatic antigenic change.

        (*) Barr IG, Cui L, Komadina N, Lee RT, Lin RT, Deng Y, Caldwell N, Shaw R, Maurer-Stroh S. A new pandemic influenza A(H1N1) genetic variant predominated in the winter 2010 influenza season in Australia, New Zealand and Singapore. Euro Surveill. 2010;15(42):pii=19692. Available online: http://www.eurosurveillance.org/View...rticleId=19692

        On FT: http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/sho...07&postcount=1

        Comment

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