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Novel Coronavirus (NCoV) - Multistate - Severe respiratory syndrome (ECDC/CDTR, May 14 2013, edited)
[Source: European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), full PDF document: (LINK). Edited.]
COMMUNICABLE DISEASE THREATS REPORT
Week 19, 5-11 May 2013
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Novel Coronavirus - Multistate - Severe respiratory syndrome
Opening date: 24 September 2012 Latest update: 13 May 2013
Epidemiological summary
The first described case of novel coronavirus infection was a 60-year-old male resident of Saudi Arabia who died of severe pneumonia complicated by renal failure in June 2012. A previously unknown coronavirus isolated from this patient was identified and named Human Coronavirus-Erasmus Medical Centre (HCoV-EMC/2012). In September 2012, a second case was reported, a Qatari man, who was transferred to Europe for care. In November 2012, additional cases with similar symptomatology were diagnosed in Qatar and Saudi Arabia. These included a family cluster of three confirmed and one probable case. Subsequently, two fatal cases were confirmed retrospectively by testing stored samples from a cluster of 11 cases of lower respiratory infection linked to a hospital in Jordan in April 2012.
In February 2013, a cluster of novel coronavirus cases was reported from the United Kingdom where the index case had travelled to Pakistan and Saudi Arabia ten days before symptom onset and where contact tracing identified two secondary cases among family members without recent travel. One person died and the other had a self-limiting influenza-like illness which did not require hospitalisation. Three additional sporadic cases have been reported since February, all from Saudi Arabia and all fatal.
On 25 March 2013, Robert Koch Institute (RKI), Germany, reported the second imported case from the country. The patient, a 73 year-old male with underlying clinical conditions, had been hospitalised in the United Arab Emirates and transferred to a hospital in Germany (Munich) for specific clinical care where subsequent diagnosis of nCoV infection was confirmed. The patient died on 26 March 2013.
On 1 May 2013, the Ministry of Health in Saudi Arabia reported seven recent cases, five of which were fatal. All fatal cases were from the eastern Al Ahsa governorate.
Between 3 and 9 May 2013, the Ministry of Health in Saudi Arabia reported eight new cases, two of which were fatal. All cases originated from Al-Ahsa governorate.
On 8 May 2013, the first case in France was reported. The patient has recent travel history to the United Arab Emirates. He was hospitalised on 23 April in intensive care and placed in isolation.
In France, three probable cases are under investigation, a physician and a nurse who treated the patient, and a patient who shared a ward with the nCoV patient and has also presented symptoms which require a special infectious diseases consultation.
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ECDC assessment
The additional recent coronavirus cases reported by the Saudi Arabian authorities and the recent imported cases reported by Germany and France indicate clearly an ongoing source of infection present in the Arabian Peninsula. The recent cases of imported infections reported by the two EU countries following medical evacuation and travel are not unexpected and more cases may be identified in the EU.
Despite extensive contact tracing amongst previous contacts, only one mild symptomatic secondary case has been detected to date in the EU.
However, there is still some concern that milder cases could be present in exposed populations. Further work to document the spectrum of illness and the route of transmission is still needed.
There are no detected expanding clusters of cases to community transmission or super-spreading events (such as observed in SARS) to date. This indicates the possibility of person-to-person transmission is still limited for this virus.
Actions
ECDC will update the rapid risk assessment, and published an epi-update on 7 May (Epidemiological update ECDC). The results of an ECDC coordinated survey on laboratory capacity for testing for the novel coronavirus in Europe were published in EuroSurveillance. On 6 May, WHO posted technical guidance- infection prevention and control on their website.
ECDC is closely monitoring the situation in collaboration with WHO and the European Union Member States.
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COMMUNICABLE DISEASE THREATS REPORT
Week 19, 5-11 May 2013
(...)
Novel Coronavirus - Multistate - Severe respiratory syndrome
Opening date: 24 September 2012 Latest update: 13 May 2013
Epidemiological summary
The first described case of novel coronavirus infection was a 60-year-old male resident of Saudi Arabia who died of severe pneumonia complicated by renal failure in June 2012. A previously unknown coronavirus isolated from this patient was identified and named Human Coronavirus-Erasmus Medical Centre (HCoV-EMC/2012). In September 2012, a second case was reported, a Qatari man, who was transferred to Europe for care. In November 2012, additional cases with similar symptomatology were diagnosed in Qatar and Saudi Arabia. These included a family cluster of three confirmed and one probable case. Subsequently, two fatal cases were confirmed retrospectively by testing stored samples from a cluster of 11 cases of lower respiratory infection linked to a hospital in Jordan in April 2012.
In February 2013, a cluster of novel coronavirus cases was reported from the United Kingdom where the index case had travelled to Pakistan and Saudi Arabia ten days before symptom onset and where contact tracing identified two secondary cases among family members without recent travel. One person died and the other had a self-limiting influenza-like illness which did not require hospitalisation. Three additional sporadic cases have been reported since February, all from Saudi Arabia and all fatal.
On 25 March 2013, Robert Koch Institute (RKI), Germany, reported the second imported case from the country. The patient, a 73 year-old male with underlying clinical conditions, had been hospitalised in the United Arab Emirates and transferred to a hospital in Germany (Munich) for specific clinical care where subsequent diagnosis of nCoV infection was confirmed. The patient died on 26 March 2013.
On 1 May 2013, the Ministry of Health in Saudi Arabia reported seven recent cases, five of which were fatal. All fatal cases were from the eastern Al Ahsa governorate.
Between 3 and 9 May 2013, the Ministry of Health in Saudi Arabia reported eight new cases, two of which were fatal. All cases originated from Al-Ahsa governorate.
On 8 May 2013, the first case in France was reported. The patient has recent travel history to the United Arab Emirates. He was hospitalised on 23 April in intensive care and placed in isolation.
In France, three probable cases are under investigation, a physician and a nurse who treated the patient, and a patient who shared a ward with the nCoV patient and has also presented symptoms which require a special infectious diseases consultation.
(?)
ECDC assessment
The additional recent coronavirus cases reported by the Saudi Arabian authorities and the recent imported cases reported by Germany and France indicate clearly an ongoing source of infection present in the Arabian Peninsula. The recent cases of imported infections reported by the two EU countries following medical evacuation and travel are not unexpected and more cases may be identified in the EU.
Despite extensive contact tracing amongst previous contacts, only one mild symptomatic secondary case has been detected to date in the EU.
However, there is still some concern that milder cases could be present in exposed populations. Further work to document the spectrum of illness and the route of transmission is still needed.
There are no detected expanding clusters of cases to community transmission or super-spreading events (such as observed in SARS) to date. This indicates the possibility of person-to-person transmission is still limited for this virus.
Actions
ECDC will update the rapid risk assessment, and published an epi-update on 7 May (Epidemiological update ECDC). The results of an ECDC coordinated survey on laboratory capacity for testing for the novel coronavirus in Europe were published in EuroSurveillance. On 6 May, WHO posted technical guidance- infection prevention and control on their website.
ECDC is closely monitoring the situation in collaboration with WHO and the European Union Member States.
(?)
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