US - 3 new outbreaks of HPAI H5N2: Lac Qui Parle and Stearns in Minnesota (turkey farms) and Laramie, Wyoming (Canada goose) OIE

[Pathfinder]

Highly pathogenic avian influenza, United States of America

Information received on 31/03/2015 from Dr John Clifford, Deputy Administrator, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, United States of America

Summary Report type Follow-up report No. 10 Date of start of the event 10/12/2014 Date of pre-confirmation of the event 15/12/2014 Report date 31/03/2015 Date submitted to OIE 31/03/2015 Reason for notification Reoccurrence of a listed disease Date of previous occurrence 2004 Manifestation of disease Clinical disease Causal agent Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus Serotype H5N2 Nature of diagnosis Laboratory (advanced) This event pertains to a defined zone within the country Related reports Immediate notification (16/12/2014) Follow-up report No. 1 (07/01/2015) Follow-up report No. 2 (13/01/2015) Follow-up report No. 3 (22/01/2015) Follow-up report No. 4 (03/02/2015) Follow-up report No. 5 (17/02/2015) Follow-up report No. 6 (24/02/2015) Follow-up report No. 7 (06/03/2015) Follow-up report No. 8 (12/03/2015) Follow-up report No. 9 (20/03/2015) Follow-up report No. 10 (31/03/2015)

New outbreaks (3)

Outbreak 1 (33) Lac Qui Parle County, Lac Qui Parle, MINNESOTA Date of start of the outbreak 23/03/2015 Outbreak status Continuing (or date resolved not provided) Epidemiological unit Farm Affected animals Species Susceptible Cases Deaths Destroyed Slaughtered Birds 65800 1600 64200 0 Affected population A commercial turkey flock.

Outbreak 2 (32) Laramie County, Laramie, WYOMING Date of start of the outbreak 25/03/2015 Outbreak status Continuing (or date resolved not provided) Epidemiological unit Not applicable Affected animals Species Susceptible Cases Deaths Destroyed Slaughtered Canada Goose:Branta canadensis(Anatidae) Affected population Wild bird surveillance.

Outbreak 3 (34) Stearns County, Stearns, MINNESOTA Date of start of the outbreak 26/03/2015 Outbreak status Continuing (or date resolved not provided) Epidemiological unit Farm Affected animals Species Susceptible Cases Deaths Destroyed Slaughtered Birds 45140 45140 0 Affected population A commercial turkey flock.

Summary of outbreaks Total outbreaks: 3 Total animals affected Species Susceptible Cases Deaths Destroyed Slaughtered Birds 110940 ** 1600 109340 0 Canada Goose:Branta canadensis(Anatidae) ** Outbreak statistics Species Apparent morbidity rate Apparent mortality rate Apparent case fatality rate Proportion susceptible animals lost* Birds ** ** ** ** Canada Goose:Branta canadensis(Anatidae) ** ** ** ** *Removed from the susceptible population through death, destruction and/or slaughter **Not calculated because of missing information

Epidemiology Source of the outbreak(s) or origin of infection Contact with wild species Epidemiological comments The USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), in conjunction with State Departments of Agriculture and Wildlife, are continuing to conduct a comprehensive epidemiological investigation and enhanced surveillance (including wild bird surveillance of hunter harvested birds) in response to the HPAI H5N8 and H5N2 wild bird related events. Novel avian influenza virus of Eurasian origin (EA-H5N8 clade 2.3.4.4) spread rapidly along wild bird migratory pathways during 2014. Introduction of this EA-H5N8 virus into the Pacific Flyway sometime during 2014 has allowed mixing with North American (AM) lineage viruses and generated new combinations with genes from both EA and AM origin (or ?reassortant? viruses) such as this EA/AM H5N2-reassortant detected in Canada and the US. These findings are not unexpected as the EA-H5N8 virus continues to circulate. The EA-H5 clade 2.3.4.4 viruses are highly pathogenic for poultry. On 27 March 2015, the USDA APHIS National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL) confirmed HPAI EA/AM H5N2 positive results from a commercial turkey flock in Lac Qui Parle County, Minnesota. Whole genome sequence from the Midwest EA/AM H5N2 HPAI isolations in Minnesota, Missouri, Arkansas, and Kansas are all >99% similar to the index isolation (A/northern pintail/Washington/40964/2014). This is the second detection of HPAI EA/AM H5N2 in Minnesota. On 28 March 2015, the USDA APHIS National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL) confirmed HPAI EA/AM H5N2 positive results from a commercial turkey flock in Stearns County, Minnesota. Whole genome sequence from the Midwest EA/AM H5N2 HPAI isolations in Minnesota, Missouri, Arkansas, and Kansas are all >99% similar to the index isolation (A/northern pintail/Washington/40964/2014). This is the third detection of HPAI EA/AM H5N2 in Minnesota.

Control measures Measures applied Stamping out Quarantine Movement control inside the country Zoning Disinfection of infected premises/establishment(s) Vaccination prohibited No treatment of affected animals Measures to be applied No other measures

Diagnostic test results Laboratory name and type Species Test Test date Result National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL) (National laboratory) Birds real-time reverse transcriptase/polymerase chain reaction (RRT-PCR) 27/03/2015 Positive National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL) (National laboratory) Birds real-time reverse transcriptase/polymerase chain reaction (RRT-PCR) 28/03/2015 Positive National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL) (National laboratory) Birds virus sequencing 27/03/2015 Positive National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL) (National laboratory) Birds virus sequencing 28/03/2015 Positive National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL) (National laboratory) Canada Goose real-time reverse transcriptase/polymerase chain reaction (RRT-PCR) 25/03/2015 Positive National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL) (National laboratory) Canada Goose virus sequencing 25/03/2015 Positive

Future Reporting The event is continuing. Weekly follow-up reports will be submitted.

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