Mpox in the United States and Around the World: Current Situation - January 16, 2025

[sharon sanders]

January 16, 2025

Mpox in the United States and Around the World: Current Situation

What to know

• There are two types of the virus that causes mpox, clade I and clade II. Both types spread the same way and can be prevented using the same methods.
• There have been cases or outbreaks of clade I mpox in several countries in Central and Eastern Africa.
• There have also been several travel-associated clade I mpox cases reported in countries in other parts of Africa, Europe, Asia, and North America.
• CDC is working with public health partners in the United States and throughout Africa to monitor for mpox cases and increase surveillance capacity, in addition to other activities.
• Clade II mpox cases continue to spread at low levels in many countries around the world.

Current situation

In the United States

• The first case of clade I mpox in the United States was confirmed in California in November 2024 following the patient's travel to an affected area. The patient has recovered, and no additional cases were reported.
• The second case of clade I mpox in the United States was confirmed in Georgia on January 14, 2025, in a traveler from a country experiencing sustained mpox transmission. The patient is in isolation and is recovering, and no additional cases have been reported.
• CDC assessed the risk to the United States overall population and specific populations within the United States posed by the clade I mpox outbreak as low.
• Clade II mpox is still circulating at low levels.
• Children have historically gotten mpox in endemic areas in Western and Central Africa, and in this outbreak the high number of children with mpox reported in likely reflects spread within households. Based on what we know right now, we don't expect to see the same sort of risk in children if mpox were introduced in the United States for reasons including different household makeup and size, access to disinfecting products, and improved access to medical care.

Clade I Mpox Outbreak Originating in Central Africa
Ongoing Clade II Mpox Global Outbreak


Across the globe

• There are outbreaks of clade I mpox in Central and Eastern Africa.
  • Clade I has two subclades, clade Ia and clade Ib.
  • In Central Africa, people have gotten clade Ia mpox through contact with infected dead or live wild animals, household transmission, or patient care; a high proportion of cases have been reported in children younger than 15 years of age.
  • Subclade Ib was recently identified in eastern DRC and has been spread through intimate and adult sexual contact between different demographics, including heterosexual spread with sex trade workers. So far, clade Ib has a lower case-fatality rate than clade Ia mpox.
• Sustained and local person-to-person spread of clade I mpox has taken place in some non-endemic countries through sexual contact, day-to-day household contact, and within the healthcare setting in the absence of personal protective equipment.
• he countries of Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Rwanda, and Uganda are experiencing sustained human-to-human transmission of the virus; there is also evidence of sustained transmission in Central African Republic (CAR) and Republic of the Congo (ROC).
• Countries reporting travel-associated cases of clade I mpox include Belgium, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Oman, Pakistan, Sweden, Thailand, the United Kingdom, the United States, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.
• The ongoing global outbreak of clade II mpox has caused more than 100,000 cases in 122 total countries, including 115 countries where mpox was not previously reported. The outbreak is caused by the subclade IIb.
• Historically, only Cameroon in West Africa had cases of both clade I and clade II mpox, as both clades are endemic, but in different parts of the country.

Global mpox cases: data dashboard and map

• Cases
• Deaths

Data as of: 16-Jan-25

Confirmed* mpox cases since January 1, 2024**


24,872

Total clade I and clade II mpox cases

13,123

Cases in locations*** with only clade I mpox

6,739

Cases in locations with only clade II mpox

5,003

Cases in locations with both clade I and clade II mpox


Locations*** with mpox cases since January 1, 2024


81

Total locations

9

Locations with only clade I mpox

62

Locations with only clade II mpox

7

Locations with both clade I and clade II mpox Skip Over Map Container

• 0
• 1 to 10
• 11 to 25
• 26 to 100
• 101 to 500
• > 500

/wcms/vizdata/mpox/MPX-Cases-Deaths-by-Country-Clade.csv (Go to Table) Skip Data Table
Data Table Download Data (CSV) Skipped data table.
*Confirmed case numbers differ from suspected cases, which have not been through laboratory testing to confirm or exclude mpox.


** Case data reported in humans to WHO since January 1, 2024, are provided for situational awareness and subject to change. Confirmed cases include those laboratory-confirmed as monkeypox virus and may include cases only confirmed as orthopoxvirus. For more information and additional limitations, see WHO-reported data at 2022-24 Mpox (Monkeypox) Outbreak: Global Trends (shinyapps.io). 


***Locations include countries, territories, and other areas.
Notes: Case data reported in humans to WHO since January 1, 2024, are provided for situational awareness and subject to change. Confirmed cases include those laboratory-confirmed as monkeypox virus and may include cases only confirmed as orthopoxvirus. For more information and additional limitations, see WHO-reported data at 2022-24 Mpox (Monkeypox) Outbreak: Global Trends (shinyapps.io).

Source: 2022-24 Mpox Outbreak: Global Trends. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2024. Available online: https://worldhealthorg.shinyapps.io/mpx_global/ (last cited: August 27, 2024)

What CDC is doing


In Africa

• CDC and in-country partners across Africa work together on disease surveillance, laboratory capacity-building, strengthening local workforce capacity, case investigation, strengthening case management, infection prevention and control, and vaccine strategy and planning.
• CDC is providing support to governmental, multilateral, and non-governmental public health partners in DRC and around the region.
• CDC is collaborating with governmental and civil society partners in affected countries to collect and analyze case data, and to identify how mpox is spreading.
• CDC trained nearly 100 field epidemiologists in the DRC and continues to provide key support for many who are still working in priority health zones. These CDC-trained epidemiologists are playing a key role in DRC efforts to detect cases, trace and monitor contacts, and increase community awareness of mpox, while also collecting and sending specimens to labs for testing, and training healthcare workers to do the same.
• CDC staff in DRC provide technical assistance and CDC provides funding through cooperative agreements to the DRC Ministry of Health and leading USG implementing partners such as the World Health Organization, AFENET, Gavi and the International Organization for Migration (IOM).
• CDC and USAID are coordinating technical assistance in response to urgent needs identified by national governments and local partners in the areas of laboratory, surveillance, risk communication and community engagement, case management, infection prevention and control, psychosocial support, and vaccine planning.
• The USG is also working closely with several other countries in the region to assist with monitoring the situation as new information becomes available.

In the United States

• CDC works closely with state, tribal, local, and territorial public health departments to provide recommendations for clinical management, diagnosis, and prevention of mpox cases in the U.S.
• CDC continually increases capacity in communities across the United States for early detection of mpox through existing surveillance systems, including wastewater testing.
• CDC raises awareness for healthcare providers, including the latest guidance for considering mpox as a possible diagnosis in certain patients.
• CDC has information and recommendations for members of the public, including those traveling to Central or Eastern Africa: Travel Health Notice and Health Alert Network advisory.
• CDC works with researchers and partner organizations to increase health equity around mpox and ensure that the populations most affected by mpox have access to the mpox vaccine.
• CDC conducts assessments to determine the risks of mpox to the people in the United States.

Resources

• December 2024 Travel Health Notice: Clade I Mpox in Central and Eastern Africa
• August 2024 Travel Health Notice: Mpox in DRC and Neighboring Countries
• Mpox in the Democratic Republic of the Congo – Level 2 – Level 2 – Practice Enhanced Precautions – Travel Health Notices
• Mpox Wastewater Data | National Wastewater Surveillance System
• Health Alert Network (HAN) - 00519 | First Case of Clade I Mpox Diagnosed in the United States
• Health Alert Network (HAN) - 00516 | Prevention Strategies for Mpox, including Vaccinating People at Risk via Sexual Exposure, for U.S. Travelers Visiting Countries with Clade I Mpox Outbreaks
• Health Alert Network (HAN) – 00513 | Mpox Caused by Human-to-Human Transmission of Monkeypox Virus in the Democratic Republic of the Congo with Spread to Neighboring Countries (cdc.gov)
• Health Alert Network (HAN) – 00501 | Mpox Caused by Human-to-Human Transmission of Monkeypox Virus with Geographic Spread in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Publications

• The CDC Domestic Mpox Response — United States, 2022–2023
• U.S. Preparedness and Response to Increasing Clade I Mpox Cases in the Democratic Republic of the Congo — United States, 2024
• Monkeypox Virus Infections After 2 Preexposure Doses of JYNNEOS Vaccine — United States, May 2022–May 2024
• Notes from the Field: Clade II Mpox Surveillance Update — United States, October 2023–April 2024
• Early Release - The Rise of Mpox in a Post-Smallpox World - Volume 31, Number 1—January 2025 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC

On This Page

• Current situation
• Mpox Cases dashboard and map
• What CDC is doing
• Resources

Related Pages

• U.S. Case Data
• About
• Signs and Symptoms
• Outbreaks
• How It Spreads

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U.S. Case Data
Sources

https://www.cdc.gov/mpox/situation-summary/index.html