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Source: http://www.cidrap.umn.edu/news-persp...an-jul-27-2016
Drug Resistance Scan for Jul 27, 2016
CRE risk factors; Drug-resistant C coli cluster
Filed Under:
Antimicrobial Stewardship
Risk factors identified for patient-to-patient spread of dangerous superbug
A new study has determined that there are three key factors that increase the risk for patient-to-patient transmission of carbapenemase-producing carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceceae (CP-CRE), dangerous drug-resistant bacteria that tends to strike patients in hospitals and nursing homes who are on ventilators, require catheters, or are taking long courses of antibiotics.
The study, published Jul 25 in Infection Control Hospital & Epidemiology, found that 96% of patient-to-patient CP-CRE transmissions had at least one of the following risk factors:
The study was based on data from more than 3,000 adult patients screened for CP-CRE because they had been in contact with an infected patient from 2008 through 2012. Fifty-three of those patients tested positive for the pathogen.
"Identifying high-risk groups helps us to avoid excessive screening that can be risky and expensive, and to determine who should be screened and who might be a candidate for pre-emptive isolation or antibiotics," lead author Vered Schechner, MD, MSc, an infection control physician at Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, said in a news release from the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA), which publishes the journal.
The researchers also found that patients who were taking cephalosporin antibiotics were less likely to acquire the superbug than those taking other types of antibiotics. But when those patients were compared with patients receiving no antibiotics, cephalosporins did not appear to have a protective effect.
CP-CRE is a subset of CRE that produces an enzyme that breaks down carbapenems and related antimicrobials. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CP-CRE strains have been targeted for prevention because it is believed they are behind the spread of CRE infections.
Jul 25 Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol study
Jul 25 SHEA news release
Multidrug-resistant Campylobacter coli cluster reported in Canada
A team of researchers in Canada has documented a small outbreak of multidrug-resistant Campylobacter coli that occurred in Montreal in 2015.
The researchers say six men between the ages of 35 and 62 were diagnosed as having enteric C coli infections resistant to erythromycin, tetracycline, and ciproflaxin between Jan 14 and Feb 7 of 2015. The results of an epidemiologic and molecular investigation suggest the infection was sexually transmitted; the six men?whose cases were not linked to each other?were reported to be gay, and four of them reported having had unprotected sex in the week before symptom onset. Five of the men were HIV-positive. Food was not suspected to be the source of the infection.
Several of the researchers involved in the study wrote about a similar drug-resistant C coli cluster in Montreal in 2010-11. That cluster involved 10 patients and was also determined to involve sexual transmission.
The researchers say few C coli clusters have been reported, and that outbreaks caused by this Campylobacter species may be underestimated. They recommend that gay men be counseled about sexually transmitted infections, including the use of barriers during genital, oral, and anal sex.
The research was published yesterday in Emerging Infectious Diseases.
Jul 26 Emerg Infect Dis dispatch
May 2013 Emerg Infect Dis report on 2011-12 outbreak
Drug Resistance Scan for Jul 27, 2016
CRE risk factors; Drug-resistant C coli cluster
Filed Under:
Antimicrobial Stewardship
Risk factors identified for patient-to-patient spread of dangerous superbug
A new study has determined that there are three key factors that increase the risk for patient-to-patient transmission of carbapenemase-producing carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceceae (CP-CRE), dangerous drug-resistant bacteria that tends to strike patients in hospitals and nursing homes who are on ventilators, require catheters, or are taking long courses of antibiotics.
The study, published Jul 25 in Infection Control Hospital & Epidemiology, found that 96% of patient-to-patient CP-CRE transmissions had at least one of the following risk factors:
- Contact for more than 3 days with an infected individual
- Mechanical ventilation
- Infection with another multidrug-resistant organism
The study was based on data from more than 3,000 adult patients screened for CP-CRE because they had been in contact with an infected patient from 2008 through 2012. Fifty-three of those patients tested positive for the pathogen.
"Identifying high-risk groups helps us to avoid excessive screening that can be risky and expensive, and to determine who should be screened and who might be a candidate for pre-emptive isolation or antibiotics," lead author Vered Schechner, MD, MSc, an infection control physician at Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, said in a news release from the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA), which publishes the journal.
The researchers also found that patients who were taking cephalosporin antibiotics were less likely to acquire the superbug than those taking other types of antibiotics. But when those patients were compared with patients receiving no antibiotics, cephalosporins did not appear to have a protective effect.
CP-CRE is a subset of CRE that produces an enzyme that breaks down carbapenems and related antimicrobials. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CP-CRE strains have been targeted for prevention because it is believed they are behind the spread of CRE infections.
Jul 25 Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol study
Jul 25 SHEA news release
Multidrug-resistant Campylobacter coli cluster reported in Canada
A team of researchers in Canada has documented a small outbreak of multidrug-resistant Campylobacter coli that occurred in Montreal in 2015.
The researchers say six men between the ages of 35 and 62 were diagnosed as having enteric C coli infections resistant to erythromycin, tetracycline, and ciproflaxin between Jan 14 and Feb 7 of 2015. The results of an epidemiologic and molecular investigation suggest the infection was sexually transmitted; the six men?whose cases were not linked to each other?were reported to be gay, and four of them reported having had unprotected sex in the week before symptom onset. Five of the men were HIV-positive. Food was not suspected to be the source of the infection.
Several of the researchers involved in the study wrote about a similar drug-resistant C coli cluster in Montreal in 2010-11. That cluster involved 10 patients and was also determined to involve sexual transmission.
The researchers say few C coli clusters have been reported, and that outbreaks caused by this Campylobacter species may be underestimated. They recommend that gay men be counseled about sexually transmitted infections, including the use of barriers during genital, oral, and anal sex.
The research was published yesterday in Emerging Infectious Diseases.
Jul 26 Emerg Infect Dis dispatch
May 2013 Emerg Infect Dis report on 2011-12 outbreak