Indonesia - vaccine news about Bio Farma

[Pathfinder]

Translation google

Monday, 17 August 2009
VE (SI) - Indonesia is actually already have a technology and the ability to produce anti-virus H1N1 vaccine or flu pigs.

However, development still terkendala funds and the lack of sinergisitas stakeholders. "Technology is there but we terkendala funds. Price vaccine abroad reached USD10 per dose. In fact, to meet the needs of 10% people of Indonesia are expensive to reach USD200 million, or approximately Rp2 trillion, "said Deputy State Minister of Research and Technology Development Sipteknas after Amin Soebandrio scientific seminar" The Development of Vaccines The Future "in the series to HUT-119 in the Bio Farma Bandung, last week.

According to Amin, Indonesia has a H1N1 vaccine seed of the World Health Organization (WHO). However, the government want to make seeds so that the vaccine itself does not always depend on foreign countries. "It is possible vaccine seed produced in Indonesia, but the good survellaince need to identify the virus.

Because until now the virus had not yet been abroad with the same in the country, "said Amin. According to him, the making of H1N1 vaccine is made mandatory to anticipate the spread of swine flu peak. The flu is a phenomenon pig iceberg in terms of the number of sick people who have not yet compared the number of people contracting.

In the United States, the amount of the pain recorded only tens of thousands, but predicted that millions of people are contagious. Director of PT Bio Farma (Persero) Isa Mansyur, said his side need sinergisitas with the academics and the government in developing an anti-H1N1 vaccine.

"Bio Farma though the only vaccine manufacturer in Indonesia and is able to independently conduct research, but we need to work together ABG or academics, businesses, and government kandididat to produce a vaccine," he said. He cite cooperation with Bio Farma Airlangga University and Padjadjaran University in developing a vaccine or anti-virus H5N1 bird flu that has been woven a few years.

Bio Farma also need billions of chicken eggs as the media, but until now only capable of supporting facilities to meet the needs of 100,000 eggs per week. Look in the mirror on that experience, Jesus is very pessimistic that the making of anti-vaccine H1-N1 can be realized in 2010.

Moreover, Bio Farma has not obtained a guarantee from the government purchase of vaccines so that the investment was issued not futile. The government also has not give detailed answers about the amount of vaccine needed and who should be prepared. (rudini)

http://www.seputar-indonesia.com/edisicetak/content/view/263027/

[Pathfinder]

Re: Indonesia vaccine news Bio Farma

Indonesia needs help from richer countries for vaccines and vaccines production . They can not afford to purchase this vaccine at $10.00 a piece and they need money for their own vaccine company. The richer needs to help the poorer right now. This is for the sake of humanity.

[Corn]

Re: Indonesia vaccine news Bio Farma

Indonesia needs help from richer countries for vaccines and vaccines production . They can not afford to purchase this vaccine at $10.00 a piece and they need money for their own vaccine company. The richer needs to help the poorer right now. This is for the sake of humanity.

Indonesia has refused to share sequences and viral samples in show boat political fashion time and time again. Rich helping poor is a two way street.

[Roehl_JC]

Re: Indonesia vaccine news Bio Farma

BANDUNG: The government will start the construction of a factory producing influenza vaccines, with a total investment of Rp 1.3 trillion (US$130 billion), an executive said Monday The factory will be located in a complex owned by state pharmaceutical firm PT Bio Farma in Bandung.

Bio Farma director Iskandar said the Health Ministry had also built a White Leghorn chicken farm in Cisarua, West Java, to supply clean, embryonated eggs as media in which the virus strains would be grown.

He said the government would import 48,000 White Leghorn samples from Japan.

The factory, which will use Japanese technology, would need 35,000 eggs a year, he explained.

"We hope the construction of the factory can be completed in a year," he added.

He said Bio Farma had been working with the ministry, the Eijkman Institute and Airlangga University for two years in research and development.
"The research reached a clinical load stage in February and the vaccine can be used for clinical trial in the next three to six months," he said,

So far, he said Bio Farma was conducting research to produce H1N1 and H5N1 vaccines which were developed based on strains from WHO and local samples. - JP

http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2009/11/14/government-build-flu-vaccine-factory.html

comment: the mention of the cost being $130 billion US$ is obviously wrong, it's probably $130 million US$ IMHO.

[AlaskaDenise]

Re: Indonesia vaccine news Bio Farma

Asia worries over H1N1 flu vaccine production

18 May 2009 07:37:12 GMT
Source: Reuters
By Tan Ee Lyn

HONG KONG, May 18 (Reuters) -Asia has shown steely resolve in fighting the H1N1 flu virus with health checks and quarantines, but with more than 90 percent of flu vaccine production capacity located in the West, is less prepared than it wants to be.

Vaccines are a key weapon to fight any pandemic influenza virus, but the bulk of production is sited in Europe and the United States and health experts and officials in Asia find that worrying.

"Do you actually think that in a really serious pandemic that vaccines will be shipped here (to Asia)?" said a microbiologist in Hong Kong, who declined to be identified.

Even though the new H1N1 appears mild for now, countries like India and Indonesia are keenly aware of their vulnerability and have recently ordered local companies to develop H1N1 vaccines.

But Asia lacks sophisticated medical technology, experts say, and while it takes an experienced vaccine maker in the west four to six months to prepare a vaccine, Indonesian drugmaker Bio Farma said last week that it would need two years.

Lily Sulistyowati, an official with Indonesia's Ministry of Health, said that if the country failed to come up with its own vaccine, it would push the WHO to distribute stocks fairly.

"We had the experience with bird flu where we had to line up to buy Tamiflu behind other countries that didn't have any cases. Why should we line up when we have the most cases?" she said.

"We hope that won't happen again, we should be given priority if we have more cases than other countries," she told Reuters.

India has invited a number of local drugmakers to submit plans and the government will decide in the coming week which company gets to manufacture the H1N1 vaccine.

V.M. Katoch of the Indian Council of Medical Research told Reuters: "We'll do our best ... We are very confident, whatever we try to do, we do succeed."

HUGE SHORTFALL

In Geneva on Saturday, health negotiators from rich and poor countries failed to clinch a full deal on virus sharing to produce vaccines, but said they had closed gaps on some tough political issues. [ID:nT317445]

The vast majority of H1N1 cases are in Mexico and the United States but the spread of the disease to at least 39 countries led the WHO to declare a pandemic was imminent at the end of April. Its pandemic alert level is now 5 on a 6-level scale.

The WHO, whose data lags national tallies, earlier put the number of confirmed worldwide cases of the flu strain, a mix of swine, human and avian viruses, at 8,480, with 72 deaths.

Ben Cowling, public health expert at the University of Hong Kong, said it would be interesting to see whether governments in Asia forge deals with western vaccine makers.

"Many western countries have agreements with vaccine makers. That's why phase 6 alert is a big deal because it means we promise to buy vaccines from you, it gives the vaccine producers the assurance that they need (to go into production)," he said.

Nearly all of the world's flu vaccine factories - which produce 350 million doses annually - are in Europe and the United States. They can ramp up production to 500 million doses, but that's not enough for a global population of over 6 billion.

China, Japan, South Korea and Australia produce seasonal flu vaccines but these are mostly for domestic use and their combined share make up less than 10 percent of the world's total.

"We are in touch with vaccine makers and have expressed our interest to buy. But there are no details as they have not started production yet," a Hong Kong government spokeswoman said.

Some countries are relaxed as the virus appears mild so far.

Tawee Chotpitayasunondh, head of Thailand's unit for strategic planning in fighting pandemic flu, said Thailand was "thinking about vaccine' but this was not a priority.

"The priority now is how to stop the spread among people to prevent secondary spreading, that is what we are fighting now."

Major vaccine makers in the west have already obtained the new H1N1 virus samples from the WHO, but the organisation has not decided whether manufacturers should shift their production away from seasonal flu vaccines to targetting H1N1.

http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/T208264.htm

[AlaskaDenise]

Re: Indonesia vaccine news Bio Farma

Indonesia needs help from richer countries for vaccines and vaccines production . They can not afford to purchase this vaccine at $10.00 a piece and they need money for their own vaccine company. The richer needs to help the poorer right now. This is for the sake of humanity.

We were discussing this same issue back in 2006. Indonesia knew then that there was insufficient global capacity.

Indonesia had over $21 billion of oil and gas revenues in 2006. They have enormous reserves of both oil and gas. See: http://jakarta.usembassy.gov/econ/(P...ve_Summary.pdf

If they could provide a more stable environment, perhaps the oil companies would be more inclined to increase production with further exploration.

.

[Sally Furniss]

Re: Indonesia vaccine news Bio Farma

BANDUNG, KOMPAS.com ? As a precaution against the pandemic of avian flu and A-H1N1 influenza, the Department of Health has appointed PT Biofarma (Persero) to produce vaccines for those two virus. The contruction project of the facility is planned to start next Monday.

Aside from the vaccine factory construction, PT Biofarma will also build a sterile chicken farm of 5,145 square meters in Cisarua, Lembang, West Bandung subdistrict, West Java. This facility will produce sterile eggs to be used as the media in which the avian flu virus planted to gain its vaccines.

The President Director of PT Biofarma, Iskandar, said that the government had budgeted Rp. 1.3 trillion to build those two physical facilities for research. The project was set in 2008 and targeted to finish in four years.

"The physical construction is targeted to finish on November 2010," he said after meeting the Governor of West Java, Ahmad Heryawan, Wednesday, in Bandung.

Iskandar explained, the reason to construct a vaccine production facility was because the world's need for flu vaccine is still high. The flu vaccine production capacity world-wide is still approximately 300 million dose per year and is concentrated in Europe, North America, Australia, and Japan. If there was a pandemic, the vaccine production could only cover 10 percent of the global need.

So far there is no producer in South East Asia, including in Indonesia, that produces its own flu vaccine. Countries in the region are on the verge of not having vaccines if the pandemic emerges.

In fact, Indonesia is considered prone to avian flu. Biofarma's data showed that since the avian flu case was first reported in Indonesia in 2005 until now, there has been 141 cases with a death toll of 115 (81.6 percent). The flu vaccine factory construction in Indonesia hopefully can contribute the world supply of flu vaccine.

Biofarma's production capacity for flu vaccine is targeted at 20 million dose per year. The Governor of West Java has asked PT Biofarma to commit prioritizing the flu vaccine supply for citizens of West Java. Throughout 2009 in West Java there have been 99 cases of A-H1N1 influenza, the fourth highest of a total of 25 regions in Indonesia that was infected with the flu.

http://english.kompas.com/read/xml/2009/11/12/09544746/Biofarma.Builds.Flu.Vaccine.Factory

[Sally Furniss]

Re: Indonesia vaccine news Bio Farma

Some history of the process of Bio Farma flu vaccine production in Indonesia

Bio Farma the Production of the Bird Flu Vaccine End 2007

July 28 2007

Bandung -- MIOL: PT Bio Farma aim at produced the bird flu vaccine for humankind from the end 2007.

"At this time, the Department of Health was carrying out end discussions with Baxter, the vaccine company from the United States."

If the trials were immediately complete, Baxter will export the bird flu vaccine for humankind in the form of half-finished and Bio Farma would memroses him and was ready to be used in Indonesia, explained Director Pemasaran PT Bio Farma Sarimuddin Sulaeman, on Saturday (28/7).

According to him Bio Farma would memroduksi 200 thousand vial the bird flu vaccine for humankind or approximately 20 % of the inhabitants's Indonesian populations, as the beginning stage.

This vaccine will be distributed to serious areas the spreading of the bird flu virus.

Sarimuddin said to memroses the half-finished virus to was ready with, only was carried out in three stages and needed time only around 3 days.
Because of this investment that will be spent by Bio Farma not too many.

We might not develop the new installation because with available Bio Farma facilities could have carried him out.

The fund was more often needed to educate human resources that must be sent by us to Baxter for the process of the transfer of technology, he stated.

PT Bio Farma has at this time produced eight vaccines, among them BCG, DPT, DT, TT, Polio, Campak and Hepatetis B. Se- Tahun in the future, the only vaccine company in Indonesia this will produce the Td vaccine, Rotak the virus for diarrhoea and Hib for the inflammation of the brain.

"We continued to follow the development" of "infectious diseases, in accordance with the data was owned by WHO. Produksi" of the "vaccine that was needed the world, will be made an effort to get by us to be able to be produced by Bio Farma," he continued.

Sarimuddin said Bio Farma aimed at the sale of the production of the vaccine 2007 reached Rp680 billion.

The target was reached among them with 50 sales in the country and half of it from the export.

Up until 2007 this, continued he, Bio Farma has exported the vaccine to 104 countries.

Not only the developing country, but also for developed countries like the United States, Europe and Australia.
(
http://www.media-indonesia.com/berita.asp?id=139123

11/May/08 20:31
Bio Farma the Production of the Burung Flu Vaccine

Bandung (Antara News) - PT Bio Farma was ready to produce the bird flu vaccine or avian influenza (AI) for humankind in 2011 and the production target of early 20 million doses.

"As the beginning stage will be produced the flu vaccine seasonal from next year, the next one was prepared for the production" of "bird flu for humankind," said Director Perencanaan and the Development PT Bio Farma, Iskandar in surrender gaps of the Siswa Duty for 176 students in Bandung, on Sunday.

The plan was carried out to anticipate the bird flu pandemic.
Iskandar mentioned, investment that was needed to produce the bird flu vaccine for the humankind around Rp400 billion was good for technology, the infrastructure and preparations for his human resources.
"His investment really quite big, but that must be followed," he said.
Rencananyan the production of the bird flu vaccine was for the humankind focussed to satisfy the domestic requirement.
He menyebutan, 20 million doses of the bird flu vaccine were still small compared to the number of Indonesian inhabitants.
At this time PT Bio Farma just produced the vaccine H2N2 or the bird flu vaccine for the poultry.

In the meantime the step in the production of the flu vaccine seasonal that will be begun 2009 came, said Iskandar was carried out as the step in early before memproduki the bird flu vaccine for humankind.
"When being needed later, the vaccine seasonal that was kept being changed by his kind with the available bird flu virus in Indonesia."
The flu vaccine seasonal at this time was used for the vaccine of the congregations of the pilgrim, he said.

He acknowledged for the flu vaccine seasonal, PT Bio Farma was still importing his raw material namely approximately 200 thousand bulk (the semifinished item) from Japan.
The potential for the vaccine market seasonal was big enough, not only in the country but also overseas.
Nevertheless, the step in the beginning was focussed for the domestic production related anticipation of bird flu.

http://www.antara.co.id/arc/2008/5/1...in-flu-burung/

Seasonal Flu was developed was the Bird Flu Vaccine

Sabtu, 24 Januari 2009

Bandung – four vaccine kinds were just developed in Indonesia through Bio Farma. The four new vaccine kinds were the TD vaccine, Pentavalen, Seasonal Flu and DtaP, that began to be produced this 2009.

The Seasonal Flu vaccine entered the clinical test stage that was carried out in several hospitals in Indonesia. According to the Head of the Surveilance Division and the Evaluation of the Bio Farma Product, Bambang Djalimus, the clinical test was carried out to know the impact and the effectiveness of the vaccine. “Setelah the clinical test was finished, the production could be carried out in the year 2009,” flat Bambang in Bandung, on Friday (23/1). This Seasonal Flu vaccine was produced as anticipation towards the bird flu pandemic in Indonesia. Bambang said, if the bird flu pandemic happening, Indonesia was ready with anticipation to take the form of the bird flu vaccine for humankind. To be used as the bird flu vaccine, the vaccine of Seasonal Flu was kept being matched the kind (strain) him. The production plan of this bird flu vaccine was thought of co-operated with Japan since 2006. If being successful, the vaccine of Seasonal Flu this was the first vaccine product that was made in Indonesia.

Uptil now, to satisfy the requirement for this vaccine, Indonesia still must import from France and the United States. In fact the requirement for the vaccine of Seasonal Flu in Indonesia was big enough. Including being the requirement for the routine for the congregation's vaccination of the pilgrim and the congregation umrah. Every year the requirement for this vaccine more than 1 million doses. The height of this requirement made Bio Farma focus the vaccine product of Seasonal Flu. “Memang has had the other interested country, but we give priority to for the requirement in negeri,” said Corporate Secretary Bio Farma, M. Rahman Rustan. As for the number of productions was adapted to the requirement for the Department of the Health. After the vaccine of Seasonal Flu, three other vaccine kinds will be produced in stages.

-snip-

There was a BSL-3 training at the lab recently. Research for poultry vaccine.

Department of Health was Satisfied [about] the Unair Bird Flu Lab

SURABAYA - Laboratory bird flu at the University of Airlangga (Unair) was ready in two weeks to come. This laboratory will work to make seeds for the bird flu vaccine and then mass produced by Bio Farma sufficient to the needs of Indonesia.

Development lab or bird flu is also called the Animal Bio Safety Level 3 (A BSL 3) is already almost complete. Rooms in the building one floor living get this final touch. Some tools are also needed to install even though not all. Total, there are five container equipment worth Rp 120 billion will be used in the laboratory.

"In two weekends, Animal BSL 3 can already inaugurated. And after everything is ready, we can start working next April, "said the head A BSL 3, Dr CA Nidom, drh, MS, in Surbaya, Friday (27 / 2).

Previously, Thursday (26 / 2), while receiving visits and Director General of Disease Control Penyehatan Environmental MOH Prof. Dr. Tjandra Yoga Aditama spp, DTMH, MARS, as well as representatives from the pharmaceutical company Bio Farma.

All development funds come from the lab department head Siti Fadillah Supari. Unair build trust because the lab is consistent during this research on bird flu. Lab actually already owned similar Unair joined in the Tropical Disease Center.

However, the lab support the University of Tokyo Japan researching this new bird flu cases, not on making seed vaccine. Therefore, the MOH contribute Rp 800 billion fund for the development of a BSL 3 seeds to make bird flu vaccine.

Merebak bird flu in Indonesia since 2005. Currently, more than 100 people in Indonesia died due to bird flu. "In terms of quantity, a bird flu patient is small. But the threat is big enough. Therefore, one of the best handling of the vaccine to make, especially with the appropriate characteristics of the Indonesian people, "said Prof. Tjandra.

MOH target end of this year, a BSL 3 is able to make seed virus. The seed is then submitted to Bio Farma for mass produced. Bio Farma is the only pharmaceutical company producing the vaccine in Indonesia. Bio Farma has already planned its own BSL 3 end of the year later.

From the results of the visit yesterday, Tjandra satisfied to see that the development of a BSL 3 is at the back of the building in the TDC Unair Campus C. He was ready to assess Unair research in the field of health which is very useful for the community.

However, Tjandra're planning to be made more detailed work again. "I want to work in a team BSL 3 are each month so we know how that target would be achieved per month, such as what," said Tjandra.

After the ceremony a BSL 3 later, Unair will continue on the development of tropical Central Hospital Infection. Rector Prof. Dr. Fasich Unair Apt, said early April will the development process of building physical Hospital Center tropical infection will start. Predict in the next six months the development has been completed.

However, the operation of the Hospital Center for new tropical infection can be done most quickly early next year. The Unair still need time to install all the necessary equipment and prepare the necessary medical staff.

http://www.surabayapost.co.id/?mnu=berita&act=view&id=f00b6379b82a515a9478b6e58b783de9&jenis=c81e728d9d4c2f636f067f89cc14862c&PHPSESSID=e402ee60d001496db35de25eb82a3d6b

Google translated

Thursday, August 13, 2009 18:34
Bandung (ANTARA News) -

MOH through the Government of Indonesia and PT Bio Farma immediately take strategic steps, including setting up the production of swine flu vaccine or H1N1 that is now in the stage production of bulk.

PT Bio Farma-appointed government to produce swine flu vaccine and get three H1N1 vaccine strain. Previous development, the vaccine is actually projected to bird flu or H5N1.

"The technology and human resources that Indonesia is able to produce, research has been done. But it may kendalanya budget due to start production of the investment need not less," said Amin.

He said, the price of swine flu vaccine is still high between 8 to 10 U.S. dollars per dose. This means, to meet the demand for 10 percent of Indonesia or about 20 million of the funds needed Rp2 trillion.

Meanwhile, PT Bio Farma Dirut Isa Mansyur states, company is ready to produce swine flu vaccine.

"In general there is no obstacle, we nyambung research for the production of swine flu. The human resources we are ready, anggaranya live only for the memproduksinya. We hope the upcoming year 2010, mass production can have," he said.

Meanwhile, the first country that will produce the bulk of swine flu vaccine is in Australia this August 2009.

"We're not as fast as they can, but at least next year we can produce at least 4.5 million doses. But also depends on the readiness of ground virusnya media," said Isa Mansyur.

PT Bio Farma mengandeng among the universities with the University of Airlangga (Unair) Surabaya in the development of seed (seed) vaccine and the University of Padjadjaran seed for the purification of the vaccine using chicken eggs media.http://www.antaranews.com/berita/1250163259/penyebaran-virus-h1n1-capai-200-persen

[Snowy Owl]

Re: Indonesia vaccine news Bio Farma

Have not all went trought this thread but I stopped after Indonesia, very happy. The Apec Summit is delivering, as far as Indonesia Public Health is concern.

Yes Indonesia has decided via its democratically elected officials to make a stand that irritate some and gave Hope to others, maybe we see this seed now bloom.

The thing is, IMHO,

We must look forward, particularly with Indonesia,
We are there now,
World Leaders are more Humble these days.

We are all in this together is the Motto of the South-East Asian Region of the WHO.

Snowy

[Pathfinder]

Re: Indonesia - vaccine news about Bio Farma

Translation-Indonesian-English

Produced H1N1 Vaccine Next Year

Tuesday, November 17, 2009 | 03:35 pm

Surabaya, Kompas - Avian Influenza Research Center Bio-Safety Level 3 Airlangga University, Surabaya, East Java, will launch the H1N1 and H5N1 vaccines, Monday (16/11) in Surabaya. H1N1 vaccine will begin November 2010 produced by PT Bio Farma.

At the launch ceremony, the Rector of Airlangga University Prof. Fasich would give vaccine (vaccine seed) H1N1 and H5N1 to the Vice President Boediono, who handed it to the Minister of Health Sedyaningsih Endang Rahayu and forwarded to the Director of PT Bio Farma Iskandar.

According to Iskandar, H1N1 vaccine will be tested clinically (clinical trials) in humans in March 2010. Production and distribution of H1N1 vaccine conducted November 2010 to 20 million doses of vaccine or one-tenth the population of Indonesia.

Because of limited production, Endang said, the vaccine priority for community groups that are vulnerable to avian influenza (AI), such as nurses and laboratory personnel.

H5N1 vaccine will be produced according to government policy. In the event of a pandemic and the government asked for the production of H5N1 vaccine, PT Bio Farma to produce because of technology for the production of both vaccines were similar.

Head of Avian Influenza Laboratory of Tropical Disease Center (TDC) Unair Chaerul Anwar Nidom explained, if there is mutation of the virus H1N1 or H5N1 virus strain used as a vaccine would be replaced. "Disclosure of information on the incidence of avian influenza infection is necessary," said Nidom.

Iskandar said the value of laboratory development projects and production facilities H1N1 and H5N1 vaccines in Airlangga Kampus C, MULYOREJO, Surabaya, about Rp 1.3 trillion. Production facility capacity of 20 million vaccines a year. Projects implemented four years, 2008-2011.

Nidom added, research H5N1 vaccine to be made has been made since 2006. For the challenge test (testing candidate vaccines in animals) waiting H5N1 virus samples from the Ministry of Health until August 13, 2009. At that TDC Unair got six types of H5N1 virus.

Research H1N1 easier because TDC Unair can get a lot of viruses from clinical samples. After the challenge test, the vaccine would be ready for clinical trials and begin mass produced.

AI virus research and vaccine will be conducted in the laboratory area of 224 square meters called Avian Influenza Research Center Bio-Safety Level 3 (BSL-3). In addition to Asia's largest, said Nidom, this unique laboratory for testing space in 30 monkeys (Maccaca fascicularis). Research in the laboratory is very comprehensive.

The launch of this vaccine will, according to Boediono, is a form of independence of Indonesia. As a citizen of the world, Indonesia must actively deal with infectious disease that spreads very fast. Moreover, as a tropical country, Indonesia is very vulnerable as a strain and mutation breeding of new viruses.

Because the front-line battle against infectious diseases, he said, Indonesia had a chance to master the technology. Therefore, Indonesia should not rely on overseas laboratories. "Indonesia is obliged to share their knowledge with the world for infectious disease outbreaks is the world's problems, but within the framework of mutual benefit," he said. (INA)


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KOMPAS/RADITYA HELABUMI

Aktivitas peneliti di Avian Influenza Research Centre BSL-3 di Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Jawa Timur, yang diresmikan Wakil Presiden Boediono, Senin (16/11). Saat peresmian juga diluncurkan calon vaksin (seed vaccine) H1N1 dan H5N1. Untuk tahap awal vaksin H1N1 akan diproduksi oleh Bio Farma.

http://cetak.kompas.com/read/xml/2009/11/17/03353541/vaksin.h1n1.diproduksi.tahun.depan

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