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**gsgs** · December 30, 2007, 09:56 AM

Re: New swine flu has avian flu genes

Seems that the new H2N3 is a reassortant which happened in swine
of a virus similar to A/CEID23 in PB2,PB1,NP,M,NS,
(common ancestor 2-4 years ago) acquiring
HA,NA,PA from an unknown bird-virus
related to A/Mallard/Alberta/154/2003.
The PB2 in CEID23 is of avian character and was acquired
presumably some years before by another reassortment.
There could have been another reassortment in PB1 but only
mixing two similar viruses.
It doesn't seem likely that a bird or human had caught
a CEID23-like virus, reassorted with another virus and
then gave that new reassorted virus back to swine. (IMO)

Swine Workers and Swine Influenza Virus Infections

http://www.cdc.gov/EID/content/13/12/1871.htm

Swine Workers and Swine Influenza Virus

The participant whose specimens yielded A/Iowa/CEID23/05 was a 50-year-old man who lived on a swine farm and was currently working with nursery and finishing swine. He self-reported having a sore throat, cough, runny/stuffed nose, and a measured oral temperature of 38.2?C at the time of culture. No headache, red/itchy eyes, body aches, chills, diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, or hoarseness were reported. He also reported exposure to sick swine (with symptoms of cough, runny nose, and/or poor food intake) during the 10 days before his illness. The isolation of A/Iowa/CEID23/2005, together with the prior recovery of genotypically related reassortant influenza (H1N1) and (H3N2) viruses from 2 people following apparent zoonotic transmission from pigs (22,23), indicates that viruses of human/swine/avian triple reassortant genotype can be human pathogens.

**gsgs** · September 20, 2008, 04:23 AM

Re: New swine flu has avian flu genes

paper available now:

Just a moment...

http://www.pnas.org/content/104/52/20949.full.pdf

**Emily** · August 11, 2009, 08:50 AM

Re: New swine flu has avian flu genes

I saw the link below posted on a pig site and noticed that you had mentioned the same virus in this thread, too:
A/Swine/Indiana/P12439/00

Don't know if this has any significance, but thought I'd add this here just in case.

Towards a sane and rational approach to management of Influenza H1N1 2009 - Virology Journal

http://www.virologyj.com/content/6/1/51#B14

Beginning in March 2009, an outbreak of influenza in North America was found to be caused by a new strain of influenza virus, designated Influenza H1N1 2009, which is a reassortant of swine, avian and human influenza viruses. Over a thousand total cases were identified with the first month, chiefly in the United States and Mexico, but also involving several European countries. Actions concerning Influenza H1N1 2009 need to be based on fact and science, following recommendations of public health officials, and not fueled by political, legal or other interests. Every influenza outbreak or pandemic is unique, so the facts of each one must be studied before an appropriate response can be developed. While reports are preliminary, through the first 4 weeks of the outbreak it does not appear to be severe either in terms of the attack rate in communities or in the virulence of the virus itself. However, there are significant changes in both the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase proteins of the new virus, 27.2% and 18.2% of the amino acid sequence, from prior H1N1 isolates in 2008 and the current vaccine. Such a degree of change qualifies as an "antigenic shift", even while the virus remains in the H1N1 family of influenza viruses, and may give influenza H1N1 2009 significant pandemic potential. Perhaps balancing this shift, the novel virus retains more of the core influenza proteins from animal strains than successful human influenza viruses, and may be inhibited from its maximum potential until further reassortment or mutation better adapts it to multiplication in humans. While contact and respiratory precautions such as frequent handwashing will slow the virus through the human population, it is likely that development of a new influenza vaccine tailored to this novel Influenza H1N1 2009 strain will be essential to blunt its ultimate pandemic impact.

"As for this being a "Mexican" virus, analysis of the H sequence by BLAST [14] reveals that the closest relative to the Influenza H1N1 2009 virus previously isolated is in fact a virus 95% identical to it, from swine in Indiana in 2000 (e.g. A/Swine/Indiana/P12439/00 (H1N2)). Border interdiction makes no sense when the H gene is All-American, having been in Indiana longer than the Head Coach and most of those playing football for Notre Dame. Similarly, the closest neuramindase sequence, 94% identical, is one isolated in Britain and elsewhere in Europe in the 1990s (e.g. A/Swine/England/195852/92 (H1N1)). The parts of the virus may well have been imported into Mexico, and accidentally assembled the new influenza 2009 virus there, leading to emergence by pure happenstance."

Just a moment...

http://jcm.asm.org/cgi/reprint/40/3/1073.pdf

Genetic Characterization of H1N2 Influenza A Viruses Isolated from
Pigs throughout the United States
Received 30 August 2001/Returned for modification 29 November 2001/Accepted 30 December 2001
An H1N2 influenza A virus was isolated from a pig in the United States for the first time in 1999 (A. I.
Karasin, G. A. Anderson, and C. W. Olsen, J. Clin. Microbiol. 38:2453?2456, 2000). H1N2 viruses have been
isolated subsequently from pigs in many states. Phylogenetic analyses of eight such viruses isolated from pigs
in Indiana, Illinois, Minnesota, Ohio, Iowa, and North Carolina during 2000 to 2001 showed that these viruses
are all of the same reassortant genotype as that of the initial H1N2 isolate from 1999.

Taxonomy browser (Influenza A virus (A/Swine/Indiana/P12439/00 (H1N2)))

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?id=187166

THE NCBI Taxonomy database allows browsing of the taxonomy tree, which contains a classification of organisms.

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New swine flu has avian flu genes

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