Mpox cases in France. January 1 - January 8, 2025.
Published on January 8, 2025
Updated on January 8, 2025
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Key points
- In total, 222 cases of MPOX have been reported to Public Health France since January 1, 2024, including 7 since the last report on December 19 and diagnosed in 2024.
- A first case of clade Ib was confirmed by the Orthopoxvirus CNR in January 2025.
- The reported cases all concern adults, 213 men and 9 women.
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Epidemiological assessment of cases of mpox in France
January 1, 2024 - January 7, 2025
Key points as of January 7, 2025
• A total of 222 cases of mpox have been reported to Public Health France since January 1, 2024,
including 7 since the last assessment on December 19 and diagnosed in 2024.
• A first case of clade Ib was confirmed by the Orthopoxvirus CNR in January 2025.
• The reported cases all concern adults, 213 men and 9 women.
Cases reported since the beginning of 2024
From January 1, 2024 to January 7, 2025, a total of 222 cases of mpox were reported to Public Health France via mandatory reporting (DO). Among these cases, 10 were not biologically confirmed
(Figure 1).
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Socio-demographic characteristics
All cases concerned adults aged between 18 and 70 years (median age of 36 years). Nine cases concerned women.
Nearly half of the cases (n=104, 47%) resided in the Ile-de-France region, 33 in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, 32 in Occitanie, 13 in Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur and 12 in Nouvelle-Aquitaine (figure 2).
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Risk exposures and notion of travel
Nearly half of the cases (n=104; 47%) reported not knowing whether they had had a risky contact with a case of mpox in the 3 weeks preceding the first symptoms.
Among the 172 cases reported, a trip to a foreign country in the three weeks preceding the onset of symptoms was reported by 46 of them (27%). The most frequently visited country was Spain.
Only four cases had traveled to a sub-Saharan African country (Côte d'Ivoire, Senegal and Madagascar).
Regarding the 8 cases of clade IIb diagnosed in women, none had traveled in the 3 weeks preceding the onset of symptoms. Four of them reported having had contact within the 3 weeks before the onset of symptoms with:
- a confirmed case of mpox for two of them (a sexual partner for one and a family member for the other);
- a case not biologically confirmed (sexual partner);
- a sexual partner from a southern African country, not known as a case of mpox.
The case of clade Ib confirmed in January 2025 concerns a woman who has not traveled to Africa recently but who reports contact with two people who have stayed in Central Africa in an area where the clade I virus is circulating. Investigations are underway to determine the origin of the contamination and identify all the contact persons at risk, in order to offer them vaccination in particular.
Severity of cases
Among the 213 cases for which information was available, 12 (6%) were hospitalized, mainly due to severe pain, associated or not with a concomitant pathology or complications.
Vaccination history
Among the 145 cases whose smallpox vaccination status was known both in childhood and since 2022, 110 had received no vaccination, 24 had been vaccinated only since 2022, 6 had been vaccinated only before 1984, and 5 had been vaccinated since 2022 even though they had been vaccinated before 1984. In addition, 44 cases had been vaccinated since 2022, with no information on possible vaccination in childhood.
Virological analyses
The Orthopoxvirus CNR (Army Health Service, IRBA) received samples concerning 181 cases of monkeypox diagnosed since January 1, 2024. The determination of the clade was performed for 175 cases and highlighted 174 cases of clade II monkeypox virus and 1 case of clade I monkeypox virus. Sequencing was carried out for 62 of these 175 cases and highlighted the exclusive circulation of subclade b for both clades.
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