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Mayotte - Cholera outbreak 2024 - now over

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  • #31
    Translation Google

    An epidemic now over in Mayotte, but a situation that remains under surveillance

    Press release
    October 7, 2024

    Mayotte experienced a cholera epidemic this year, which led national and local authorities to mobilize very strongly to ensure the health security of the population. In view of the absence of cholera cases in the territory since July 12, the Mayotte Regional Health Agency and Public Health France consider that the cholera epidemic is now over.

    A strong mobilization of State services which will have made it possible to stem the spread of the bacteria and extinguish the epidemic signal

    As soon as the first case of cholera was confirmed in the Union of the Comoros in February 2024, the Mayotte Regional Health Agency, in conjunction with national and local authorities, developed an ambitious response plan, the objective of which was to detect all suspected cases, and to manage and treat all cases of cholera in hospital, and to intervene quickly at patients' homes to disinfect living spaces and vaccinate and treat all contact persons. This strategy, combined with the implementation of preventive measures, will have contributed to significantly limiting the impact of the epidemic in Mayotte at the height of the crisis. Secondly, the organization of a vast preventive vaccination campaign in the most vulnerable areas (nearly 35,000 vaccinations carried out), the maintenance of water ramps in strategic sectors and the continued awareness-raising of populations on hygiene measures now constitute factors for protecting the population in the medium term.

    The Prefect of Mayotte, the Mayotte Regional Health Agency and Public Health France would like to salute the unwavering commitment of health professionals, government services and community partners who have worked daily to meet this major challenge.

    Maintaining high vigilance, particularly in light of the recent confirmation of new cases of cholera in the Union of the Comoros

    Although the epidemic is now over in Mayotte, national and local authorities are maintaining a high level of vigilance in the territory, considering on the one hand the identification of new cases of cholera in the Union of the Comoros, and on the other hand the approach of the rainy season conducive to the re-emergence of various waterborne diseases.
    In this context, the Mayotte Regional Health Agency and Public Health France are maintaining a high level of surveillance, at the points of entry into the territory and more broadly within the island with the network of health and associative partners.

    Finally, the authorities point out that compliance with precautionary measures (consumption of drinking water, regular hand washing, management of excreta) remains the most effective way to protect against the transmission of various waterborne diseases.

    Mayotte a connu une épidémie de choléra cette année, qui a conduit les autorités nationales et locales à se mobiliser très fortement pour assurer la sécurité sanitaire de la population. Au regard de l’absence de cas de choléra sur le territoire depuis le 12 juillet dernier, l’Agence régionale de santé de Mayotte et Santé publique France estiment que l’épidémie de choléra est aujourd’hui terminée.

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    • #32
      Translation Google
      From Yemen to Mayotte, a highly antibiotic-resistant strain of the cholera agent is spreading
      From Yemen to Mayotte, a highly antibiotic-resistant strain of the cholera agent is spreading

      Press Flash

      12.12.2024


      Researchers from the National Reference Center for Vibrions and Cholera at the Pasteur Institute, in collaboration with the Mayotte Hospital Center, have highlighted the spread from Yemen of a highly antibiotic-resistant strain of the cholera agent. This study is published on December 12, 2024 in the New England Journal of Medicine .​​

      Cholera is an epidemic diarrheal disease caused by certain bacteria of the species Vibrio cholerae. In its most severe manifestations, cholera is one of the most rapidly fatal infectious diseases: death can occur within a few hours if untreated. The latter essentially consists of compensating for digestive losses of water and electrolytes. Antibiotics are used in addition to rehydration. They are essential to reduce the duration of the infection and to break the chains of transmission as quickly as possible.

      A strain resistant to ten antibiotics, including two of the three recommended for the treatment of cholera, azithromycin and ciprofloxacin, was first identified in Yemen during the cholera epidemic that occurred in 2018-2019 [1] .

      Scientists have now been able to trace the spread of this strain by studying bacterial genomes. After Yemen, they identified it again in Lebanon in 2022 [2] then in Kenya in 2023, and finally in Tanzania and the Comoros, including Mayotte, a French department located off the southeast coast of Africa, in 2024. Between March and July 2024, the island of Mayotte was affected by an epidemic of 221 cases caused by this strain, which is highly resistant to antibiotics.

      " This study highlights the need to strengthen global surveillance of the cholera agent and in particular to be able to know its behavior with respect to antibiotics in real time. If this new strain that is currently spreading were to acquire additional resistance to tetracycline, this would then compromise any oral antibiotic treatment ," concludes Professor François-Xavier Weill, head of the Vibrions CNR at the Pasteur Institute and lead author of the study.


      [1] Press release 08/19/2023 - Cholera epidemic in Yemen: identification of genes promoting resistance to antibiotics :
      [2] https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-024-51428-0
      Sources:

      Long-Distance Spread of a Highly Drug-Resistant Epidemic Cholera Strain, New England Journal of Medicine , December 12, 2024
      Caroline Rouard 1 , Louis Collet 2 , Elisabeth Njamkepo 1 , Claire Jenkins 3 , Rosalie Sacheli 4 , Thierry Benoit-Cattin 5 , Julie Figoni 6 , François-Xavier Weill 1
      1. Pasteur Institute, Enteric Pathogenic Bacteria Unit
      2. Mayotte Hospital Center
      3. UKHSA
      4. CHU de Liege University Hospital Center City
      5. Mayotte Hospital Center
      6. Public Health France


      Des chercheurs du Centre National de référence des Vibrions et du choléra à l’Institut Pasteur, en collaboration avec le Centre hospitalier de Mayotte, ont mis en évidence la diffusion, depuis le Yémen, d'une souche hautement résistante aux antibiotiques de l'agent du choléra. Cette étude est publiée le 12 décembre 2024 dans le New England Journal of Medicine.

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