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the number of new human infections with the deadly H5N1 strain of the avian flu virus. Hanan Abul Magd, a 39-year-old housewife from Samanoud, Gharbia, was rushed to the hospital after slaughtering a chicken she had raised at her home; at press time, she was still being treated.
Abul Magd is first Egyptian to be infected since May and the fifteenth to contract the virus.
At press time, an 11-year-old student in Mahalla with symptoms similar to bird flu was being tested for symptoms similar to bird flu, Six people have died since the virus was first discovered in Egypt at the beginning of the year.
Confirmed H5N1 Case in Egypt Recombinomics Commentary October 10, 2006 The woman, 39-year-old Hanan Aboul Magd of the Nile Delta province of Gharbiya, has been in hospital since October 4 and has been treated with the drug Tamiflu, state news agency MENA said.
The woman was on a respirator but her condition was stable
MENA reported that the newly infected woman had raised a flock of 11 ducks from her home north of the Egyptian capital. Two became sick and died, and she then slaughtered the rest before she was hospitalized.
Chickens on rooftops may be particularly susceptible to catching the virus from infected migrant birds, which fly along the densely populated Nile valley during migration, experts have suggested.
The above confirmation of the first human H5N1 bird flu case this season in Africa is not unexpected. Recently Egypt reported new H5N1 infections in birds in several locations, and birds should be migrating into the area. The Ukraine has also reported recent H5N1 outbreaks as has Sudan..
Last season H5N1 infections were reported in Romania and Turkey in October. Although H5N1 had migrated into Europe, the Middle East, and Africa, most countries, including Egypt, did not report H5N1 until human fatalities were confirmed in Turkey in January of this year. Those reports were followed by acknowledgement of H5N1 in many countries in the region.
This year, most countries are again failing to detect or report H5N1 migration into the area. This lack of transparency is cause for concern.
Similarly, the sequences from most of the H5N1 in Europe have been withheld by Weybridge, who presented in May 2006 a phylogenetic tree of approximately 80 isolates from Europe in early 2006. They have only released one bird sequence, from a turkey isolated in October, 2005 as well as five human sequences (4 from Turkey and 1 from Azerbaijan). Although Weybridge has indicated they will release the sequences, they have hoarded the data for 8-12 months.
The sequences are critical for identification of the evolution of tehse isolates via recombination. Full sequences from the Capua lab are being released through the NIAID Influenza Sequencing program. It facilities like Weybridge do not have the resources for timely sequencing and release of the data, turning the samples over to NIAID would be appropriate. NIAID generates sequences at no charge, but sequences are made public instead of placing the data into the private WHO database.
Bejing Genomics Institute is releasing full sequences of H5N1 isolates China. These sequences clearly demonstrate the evolution of H5N1 via recombination, which is also seen in the recent Qinghai sequences. In the past examples of recombination has been hampered because most of the H5N1 sequences from Hong Kong and China generated by Hong Kong University and St Jude have been partial sequences. These sequences should also be completed or turned over to NIAID so a full data set can be generated to map out a more complete picture of the H5N1 evolution by recombination.
The scandalous lack of full sequences in H5N1 isolates should be corrected.
Resources are now available to rectify these sequencing shortfalls.
Intisar Farid (30) was the mother of 4 children. Shafika (15/16) was supposed to get married next week....
Machine-translated from Arabic:
The disbelief of the kiblah shop it says goodbye to the eighth victim to the bird flu epidemic [now there is also a ninth]
The specter of death threatens its brother with the hospital of the Abbasid chest
The village peoples got rid of the birds for fear of moving the epidemic to them
Dec 26, 2006
A follow-up: Hani Atef in a late hour from an evening - the day before yesterday - the village of the dead of the tribalism shop belonging to my wedding procession center said goodbye to "Farid Badawi's victory" [Intisar Farid] the second victim to by the western [Al Gharbiyah governorate] and that took the last breaths inside Al Sadr's hospital by the Abbasid after their transfer to them from my wedding procession fevers hospital she, their [her] brother [Reda Farid] and their nephew [cousin - Shafika Farid - now dead] is till now if the analyses of the central laboratories in the Ministry of Health proved their injury by the disease and their [Intisar's] condition deteriorated and have been buried in their family graves in the village amid the weeping and the wail of the women and its [her] four children and its [her] seven brothers.
"The delegation" lived hard moments inside the house of "a victory" [Intisar] family formed of a single room in them the poverty and the disease met so that it transfers the life of family formed of two parents and 8 brothers to a hell after a death "a victory" [Intisar] and lying its brother Reda - 26 years - a worker in bricks factory in a serious condition in Al Sadr's hospital by the Abbasid for his injury by a same and an invitation is to dismiss about it the specter of death because it became the only breadwinner to the family.
Farid Abdul Halim - 80 years - "victory" [Intisar's] father says that his daughter was married from Ramadan Al Sharqawi - 35 years - daily wage worker in bricks factory and it [they] has four sons they are Dina - 12 years - a student by the primary sixth grade, and an upper - 5 years - and Mohamed - 3 years - and a satisfaction a year and half of the years and the disease symptoms have appeared on them [Intisar & Reda] after their carrying out of the participation in the slaughter of a number of the ducks and the poultry that carried out their purchase from a market the village is in "Shafika Farid"'s preparation for its nephew [cousin] wedding party - 16 years - and that was injured also by the same disease [Shafika is now dead, too], and have been reserved in the hospital of the Abbasid Chest and was whose wedding is scheduled last week and passed without its completion of the death of one of village sons [wonder what that person died from?] so that it postpones to this week. And he added: the joy turned into a funeral and the father joined a severe weeping and its condition deteriorated and could not complete the talk with us.
And Mr. Abd Al-Halim a brother says I fabricate with severe rise in the temperature she, its [their] brother and its nephew [their cousin] and have been transferred to the hospital receiving the necessary treatment and remained they by it for 5 days their dimension they deteriorated their condition and at the appearance of the analyses results that confirmed their injury by the disease was transferred to Cairo, and after it we heard death news "a victory" [Intisar] that fell on our ears as the thunderbolt, and it directs their husband and a number of the village sons to the receipt of their body and have been transferred to the village to it is buried in the family graves.
And in a distant corner its old mother Shafika Mohamed Rizk - 63 years - that laments her flesh and blood sat "a victory" [Intisar] that died because of the poverty and the failure of government in the provision of a pain to the bird flu and its cries rose "your joy turned into a funeral O Safiyya" they went to its calming down and started they say its deceased daughter was bend the family individuals and she was carrying out the response of all its needs especially after they became crippled the bed after their injury by the paralysis since a many years and we were getting ready for the wedding nevertheless it turned to a funeral and a great sadness till now the death of its dear daughter and Refaat its hands to the sky suppliant Allah is to write the rescue to its son "Reda" and its granddaughter [niece] "Shafika" who lies in the hospital between life and death.
And village mayor Mohamed Fouad the head confirmed that it just after the assurance from the three conditions injury by the disease attended to the village emergency teams, and have aided the condition a security cordon around the family house as far as a kilometer from all of the trends, the execution of poultry and the house birds that the families were hiding it inside bedrooms in addition to the holding of cleansing operations of streets, the village houses and the burial of poultry that have been executed in the health cemetery and taking samples from all the injured family individuals and with their number reaching 33 persons for its analysis to make sure of its being free from the disease.
And the village peoples confirmed that they hurried just after their knowledge of the death of their village daughter into getting rid of the poultry, the ducks and all of the birds for fear of moving the disease to them or to their boys and pointed out that their birds did not fortify before the veterinary medicine. And the death of "a victory" [Intisar] has revealed the procrastination of the veterinary medicine systems by the western [Al Gharbiyah] about carrying out of the first with the fortification of the birds of the biggest farms by an evidence is that most injured conditions are from the villages citizens and any real injury did not happen in the farms which the failure of measures that the Health Department took with the preservation confirms and prepares an indication that "a victory" [Intisar] will not be the last victim to the disease.
Statement of the Supreme National Committee to Combat Bird Flu
24/12/2006
The Ministerial Committee established to combat the spread of Avian Flu, and chaired by the Minister of Health, has been continuously monitoring and reviewing developments of spread of the disease and regulations applied in the field of combating the disease as follows:
Yesterday, 23/12/2006, the sample for the person from the governorate of Gharbia, Hanout village was tested positive. It is the 18th case to be tested positive. Notably, this case belongs to the same family of the last two infected cases yesterday.
The case was transferred to the Abbassiya Hospital in Cairo to receive treatment and it is now stable.
All fowls at the infected house and neighboring ones were culled and testing of persons in contact is ongoing.
Government bird flu guidelines ignored, say officials
First Published: December 25, 2006
Cairo: The latest fatalities due to the H5N1 strain, known as the bird flu virus, are due to poor hygienic practices and a resistance by poultry and bird handlers to put into effect government warnings, health officials have charged.
When Hanan Aboul Magd, 39, succumbed to the virus in the Nile Delta province of Gharbiya in October, she had been slaughter ducks which had fallen ill.
?People are sticking to their habits and they are forgetting our message," said Sayyid Abbasi, Ministry of Health spokesperson.
But despite consistent warnings from the ministry and other government bodies, people in Gharbiya are continuing to slaughter affected birds and poultry.
The death of one woman on Saturday and the hospitalization of three of her kin were directly attributed to similar events in October ? the slaughtering of diseased poultry.
In early November, Prime Minister Ahmed Nazif met with his cabinet to outline a strategy during the winter months. The Ministry of Health has warned that risk is substantially elevated during the winter season, a period of time which also coincides with the migratory December to February season.
The outbreak that swept through Egypt last year coincided with the migration season.
Egypt?s densely populated Nile Valley saw the worst concentration of bird flu infection this year outside Asia. The Valley lies on major routes for migratory birds, and has a large rural population that has traditionally reared poultry for food and income.
"It's an animal virus. We have to accept that," Talib Ali, regional animal health and production officer for the UN-affiliate Food and Agriculture Organization, earlier told The Daily Star Egypt.
He explained that the danger lies in the possibility of the virus mutating so that it could be transmitted from human to human.
Last year to cope with the onslaught of the illness, the government established a special committee to combat bird flu. The birds on numerous poultry farms were executed on the grounds that they were infected.
The poultry industry suffered major financial losses. A number of its professionals demonstrated, demanding compensation.
The government, however, won't change the procedure it adopted last year, according to Rady. Additionally, the government will keep in mind that the situation might turn into a pandemic, he told local press.
Domestic poultry remains an issue. Most fatalities in Egypt were the result of direct contact between humans and domestic poultry.
In spite of efforts to control it, the widespread practice of home-raising poultry persists. Backyard farms produce a third of the country's poultry production, according to Ali.
"Food security," is at the top of the list of concerns, added Ali.
Recognizing the infeasibility of eliminating backyard production, especially since it is the main source of food for many low-income families, he recommends a number of procedures.
He suggests educating these families about hygienic cooking, providing them with vaccinations and compensating them for infected poultry.
The government has overseen the culling of some 30 million birds over the past eight months, and has put into place tough restrictions on poultry keeping. So-called ?backyard birds?, which are chickens or ducks kept in small numbers in low-income homes for extra food or cash, have been outlawed.
?It is a matter of changing behavior. People are sometimes not honest [about keeping birds]. They know they are in danger but for other reasons they still have them,? said Dr John Jabbour of the Communicable Diseases Surveillance Department at the World Health Organization?s regional office in Cairo.
Dr Jabbour added that the government has succeeded in removing poultry from the homes of people in Cairo ?but in more rural areas people are not accepting that they have to get rid of backyard birds".
Economic hardships are cited as serious challenges in removing poultry from households.
With a national production of 1.7 million chickens per day and expected to jump to 2.6 million in mid-2007 the government has drafted a law that would eliminate the sale of live poultry by 2010.
Under the proposed legislation, the Ministry of Finance (MOF) would enter a partnership with private poultry distributors to fund the establishment of Ministry of Agriculture-monitored abattoirs.
The facilities would then be used to produce chilled or frozen poultry, replacing "backyard" farms and the current practice of selling live poultry through private butchers.
The proposed law allows producers in the Greater Cairo and Alexandria governorates to continue selling live poultry until the end of 2007. It divides the remaining 23 governorates into two groups, one of which will be given until the end of 2008 and the other until the end of 2009.
Several automated and semi-automated slaughterhouses are now under construction, according to Abaza. Cairo for Poultry is set to open a Nubaria abattoir with a daily production capacity of 150,000 birds by the first quarter of 2007.
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