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Hengshui Fourth Hospital: Talk about the "hot topic" - "Mycoplasma pneumonia"
November 29, 2023 11:12 Source: Hengshui Daily
Director of the Respiratory Medicine Department of the Fourth People's Hospital of Hengshui City, deputy director of the Respiratory Disease Branch of Hengshui Medical Association, deputy director of the Hengshui Respiratory Disease Control Center, and deputy director of the Respiratory Intervention and Lung Cancer Group of the Respiratory Disease Branch of Hengshui Medical Association. He took the lead in developing alveolar lavage technology in Hengshui City and presided over the clinical application research of bronchoscopic alveolar lavage technology in refractory pulmonary infections.
Du Linna, Hengshui Fourth People's Hospital
Recently, "Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia" has caused headaches for parents and doctors.
This year, there are not only more people infected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae, but also more pneumonia. Most of the drugs are not sensitive yet, and usually the parents start to get sick again after the child gets better in hospital. Sometimes a whole family, including the whole family, is hospitalized one after another, often with persistent high fever and frequent coughing. What should I do?
What is "Mycoplasma pneumonia"
"Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia" refers to lung inflammation caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, which can involve the trachea, bronchioles, pulmonary interstitium and alveoli.
Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a kind of microorganism that is between bacteria and viruses and is the smallest prokaryotic cell type microorganism known in the world that can survive independently. Mycoplasma pneumoniae has no cell wall structure. It is easily spread through droplets or direct contact in crowded and poorly ventilated environments, and is highly contagious.
A recent global survey on the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), including in Asia, showed that "Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia" is the most common community-acquired pneumonia in children and young people, accounting for 12% of CAP, among all cases. Atypical pathogen infections account for more than 50% of CAP.
What symptoms do patients with this disease have?
Based on experience, it can be said that symptoms are usually mildly atypical, especially in the early stages.
Generally speaking, the 1st to 3rd week is the incubation period, and about 1/3 of patients may be asymptomatic. It starts with a dry cough and sore throat, and then turns into a stubborn and severe cough, which may appear as a whooping cough-like cough with no sputum or a small amount of non-mucus-like sputum. The duration of coughing is usually 2 weeks and can last up to 4 weeks.
Fever lasts for 1 to 2 weeks, and may be associated with extrapulmonary manifestations in severe cases. Such as neurological, circulatory, blood, skin, urinary, musculoskeletal and other symptoms. Generally, recovery is good after treatment, but in rare cases, acute respiratory distress syndrome and pulmonary fibrosis may develop.
From the blood test, if the patient has a bacterial infection, pleural effusion may occur, and the white blood cells may be normal or slightly elevated. Mycoplasma infection can also be determined by detecting mycoplasma-specific antibodies. Sometimes patients cannot detect it early, which requires experienced doctors to make judgments based on the patient's symptoms.
Of course, imaging findings can also determine whether pneumonia develops.
How to treat "Mycoplasma pneumonia"
If a child is diagnosed with pneumonia and laboratory tests show Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, then macrolide antibiotics (azithromycin, erythromycin, clarithromycin, etc.) are the first choice for children! Generally speaking, these medicines are also common in the home.
Others include new tetracycline antibacterial drugs, quinolone antibacterial drugs, etc. Because the use of drugs is relatively professional, we will not introduce them in detail.
What should I do if my fever doesn’t go down after taking azithromycin?
As a doctor, it is common to receive phone calls in the middle of the night. At this time, parents may have encountered the following situation: after using antibiotics such as azithromycin in sufficient amounts according to the body weight, the condition cannot be controlled 48 to 72 hours ago, and the high fever or cough and asthma are still not relieved, then , at this time, there are two possibilities: one is co-infection, such as combined bacterial or viral infection; the other is Mycoplasma pneumoniae is drug-resistant or the immune damage caused by it is serious.
If Mycoplasma pneumoniae resistance is considered, antibiotics need to be adjusted to tetracyclines (such as doxycycline) or fluoroquinolones (such as levofloxacin, etc.). However, because the instructions for doxycycline clearly indicate that it is contraindicated before the age of 8, and the instructions for levofloxacin clearly indicate that it is contraindicated before the age of 18, the use of doxycycline and levofloxacin in pediatrics is restricted. Therefore, the author recommends that you go to the hospital for medical treatment as soon as possible if you encounter the above situation.
If an adult gets mycoplasma pneumonia, the main treatment is quinolones. During application, be careful to avoid sunlight. If you have heart disease, please check your electrocardiogram. If you have renal insufficiency, please check your kidney function. Follow your doctor's advice when taking medication.
How to prevent
Mycoplasma pneumoniae is spread through coughing and sneezing, so when you cough or sneeze on a daily basis, you should cover your mouth and nose with a tissue, and then discard the used tissue in a covered trash can; if there is no tissue, you can use your sleeve or elbow to cover it Do not cover your cough or sneeze with your hands before coughing or sneezing.
Wash your hands strictly, maintain hand hygiene, and wash your hands frequently with soap (hand sanitizer) and running water. If soap (hand sanitizer) and water are not available, use alcohol-based hand sanitizer to wipe your hands.
There is currently no vaccine to prevent Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. If you are infected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae, you may become infected again in the future. Because after being infected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae, you are not lifelong immune to Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
Finally, everyone needs to be reminded that a variety of respiratory diseases are intertwined and have complex causes. Parents should not use medication without authorization and should consult a professional doctor. At the same time, if symptoms change or worsen during home treatment, they must go to the hospital in time to receive regular professional treatment.
source: zhttp://city.ce.cn/news/202311/29/t20231129_7373858.shtml
November 29, 2023 11:12 Source: Hengshui Daily
Director of the Respiratory Medicine Department of the Fourth People's Hospital of Hengshui City, deputy director of the Respiratory Disease Branch of Hengshui Medical Association, deputy director of the Hengshui Respiratory Disease Control Center, and deputy director of the Respiratory Intervention and Lung Cancer Group of the Respiratory Disease Branch of Hengshui Medical Association. He took the lead in developing alveolar lavage technology in Hengshui City and presided over the clinical application research of bronchoscopic alveolar lavage technology in refractory pulmonary infections.
Du Linna, Hengshui Fourth People's Hospital
Recently, "Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia" has caused headaches for parents and doctors.
This year, there are not only more people infected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae, but also more pneumonia. Most of the drugs are not sensitive yet, and usually the parents start to get sick again after the child gets better in hospital. Sometimes a whole family, including the whole family, is hospitalized one after another, often with persistent high fever and frequent coughing. What should I do?
What is "Mycoplasma pneumonia"
"Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia" refers to lung inflammation caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, which can involve the trachea, bronchioles, pulmonary interstitium and alveoli.
Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a kind of microorganism that is between bacteria and viruses and is the smallest prokaryotic cell type microorganism known in the world that can survive independently. Mycoplasma pneumoniae has no cell wall structure. It is easily spread through droplets or direct contact in crowded and poorly ventilated environments, and is highly contagious.
A recent global survey on the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), including in Asia, showed that "Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia" is the most common community-acquired pneumonia in children and young people, accounting for 12% of CAP, among all cases. Atypical pathogen infections account for more than 50% of CAP.
What symptoms do patients with this disease have?
Based on experience, it can be said that symptoms are usually mildly atypical, especially in the early stages.
Generally speaking, the 1st to 3rd week is the incubation period, and about 1/3 of patients may be asymptomatic. It starts with a dry cough and sore throat, and then turns into a stubborn and severe cough, which may appear as a whooping cough-like cough with no sputum or a small amount of non-mucus-like sputum. The duration of coughing is usually 2 weeks and can last up to 4 weeks.
Fever lasts for 1 to 2 weeks, and may be associated with extrapulmonary manifestations in severe cases. Such as neurological, circulatory, blood, skin, urinary, musculoskeletal and other symptoms. Generally, recovery is good after treatment, but in rare cases, acute respiratory distress syndrome and pulmonary fibrosis may develop.
From the blood test, if the patient has a bacterial infection, pleural effusion may occur, and the white blood cells may be normal or slightly elevated. Mycoplasma infection can also be determined by detecting mycoplasma-specific antibodies. Sometimes patients cannot detect it early, which requires experienced doctors to make judgments based on the patient's symptoms.
Of course, imaging findings can also determine whether pneumonia develops.
How to treat "Mycoplasma pneumonia"
If a child is diagnosed with pneumonia and laboratory tests show Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, then macrolide antibiotics (azithromycin, erythromycin, clarithromycin, etc.) are the first choice for children! Generally speaking, these medicines are also common in the home.
Others include new tetracycline antibacterial drugs, quinolone antibacterial drugs, etc. Because the use of drugs is relatively professional, we will not introduce them in detail.
What should I do if my fever doesn’t go down after taking azithromycin?
As a doctor, it is common to receive phone calls in the middle of the night. At this time, parents may have encountered the following situation: after using antibiotics such as azithromycin in sufficient amounts according to the body weight, the condition cannot be controlled 48 to 72 hours ago, and the high fever or cough and asthma are still not relieved, then , at this time, there are two possibilities: one is co-infection, such as combined bacterial or viral infection; the other is Mycoplasma pneumoniae is drug-resistant or the immune damage caused by it is serious.
If Mycoplasma pneumoniae resistance is considered, antibiotics need to be adjusted to tetracyclines (such as doxycycline) or fluoroquinolones (such as levofloxacin, etc.). However, because the instructions for doxycycline clearly indicate that it is contraindicated before the age of 8, and the instructions for levofloxacin clearly indicate that it is contraindicated before the age of 18, the use of doxycycline and levofloxacin in pediatrics is restricted. Therefore, the author recommends that you go to the hospital for medical treatment as soon as possible if you encounter the above situation.
If an adult gets mycoplasma pneumonia, the main treatment is quinolones. During application, be careful to avoid sunlight. If you have heart disease, please check your electrocardiogram. If you have renal insufficiency, please check your kidney function. Follow your doctor's advice when taking medication.
How to prevent
Mycoplasma pneumoniae is spread through coughing and sneezing, so when you cough or sneeze on a daily basis, you should cover your mouth and nose with a tissue, and then discard the used tissue in a covered trash can; if there is no tissue, you can use your sleeve or elbow to cover it Do not cover your cough or sneeze with your hands before coughing or sneezing.
Wash your hands strictly, maintain hand hygiene, and wash your hands frequently with soap (hand sanitizer) and running water. If soap (hand sanitizer) and water are not available, use alcohol-based hand sanitizer to wipe your hands.
There is currently no vaccine to prevent Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. If you are infected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae, you may become infected again in the future. Because after being infected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae, you are not lifelong immune to Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
Finally, everyone needs to be reminded that a variety of respiratory diseases are intertwined and have complex causes. Parents should not use medication without authorization and should consult a professional doctor. At the same time, if symptoms change or worsen during home treatment, they must go to the hospital in time to receive regular professional treatment.
source: zhttp://city.ce.cn/news/202311/29/t20231129_7373858.shtml
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