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Malawi - Outbreak of anthrax in hippopotamus in Natural park, Machinga, Southern (OIE, November 29, 2018)

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  • Malawi - Outbreak of anthrax in hippopotamus in Natural park, Machinga, Southern (OIE, November 29, 2018)

    Anthrax,
    Malawi
    Information received on 29/11/2018 from Dr Patrick Chikungwa, Director of Department of Animal Health and Livestock Development, Department of Animal Health and Livestock Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Irrigation an Water Development, LILONGWE, Malawi
    Summary
    Report type Immediate notification
    Date of start of the event 10/10/2018
    Date of confirmation of the event 29/11/2018
    Report date 29/11/2018
    Date submitted to OIE 29/11/2018
    Reason for notification First occurrence of a listed disease
    Manifestation of disease Clinical disease
    Causal agent Bacillus anthracis
    Nature of diagnosis Clinical, Laboratory (basic), Necropsy
    This event pertains to a defined zone within the country
    New outbreaks (1)
    Outbreak 1 Liwonde, Traditional Authority Sitola, Machinga, Southern
    Date of start of the outbreak 10/10/2018
    Outbreak status Continuing (or date resolved not provided)
    Epidemiological unit Natural park
    Affected animals
    Species Susceptible Cases Deaths Killed and disposed of Slaughtered
    Hippopotamus:Hippopotamus amphibius(Hippopotamidae) 2000 25 25 0 0
    Affected population The hippos live and feed along the Shire river.
    Summary of outbreaks Total outbreaks: 1
    Total animals affected
    Species Susceptible Cases Deaths Killed and disposed of Slaughtered
    Hippopotamus:Hippopotamus amphibius(Hippopotamidae) 2000 25 25 0 0
    Outbreak statistics
    Species Apparent morbidity rate Apparent mortality rate Apparent case fatality rate Proportion susceptible animals lost*
    Hippopotamus:Hippopotamus amphibius(Hippopotamidae) 1.25% 1.25% 100.00% 1.25%
    *Removed from the susceptible population through death, destruction and/or slaughter
    Epidemiology
    Source of the outbreak(s) or origin of infection
    • Unknown or inconclusive
    Epidemiological comments The hippos were found dead along the river bank.
    Control measures
    Measures applied
    • Surveillance outside containment and/or protection zone
    • Surveillance within containment and/or protection zone
    • Official disposal of carcasses, by-products and waste
    • Vaccination permitted (if a vaccine exists)
    • No treatment of affected animals
    Measures to be applied
    • No other measures
    Diagnostic test results
    Laboratory name and type Species Test Test date Result
    Central veterinary Laboratory (National laboratory) Hippopotamus bacteriological examination 29/11/2018 Positive
    Public health institute of Malawi laboratory (National laboratory) Hippopotamus bacteriological examination 29/11/2018 Positive
    Future Reporting
    The event is continuing. Weekly follow-up reports will be submitted.
    ...
    "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
    -Nelson Mandela
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