Highly pathogenic avian influenza, South Africa (OIE, July 4 2011): Five New H5Nx Outbreaks

[Giuseppe]

[Source: OIE, full text: (LINK). Edited.]

Highly pathogenic avian influenza, South Africa


Information received on 04/07/2011 from Dr Bothle Michael Modisane, Chief Director Partnerships, Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Food Safety and Biosecurity, PRETORIA, South Africa

• Summary
  • Report type Follow-up report No. 4
  • Start date 01/02/2011
  • Date of first confirmation of the event 16/03/2011
  • Report date 04/07/2011
  • Date submitted to OIE 04/07/2011
  • Reason for notification Reoccurrence of a listed disease
  • Date of previous occurrence 07/2006
  • Manifestation of disease Clinical disease
  • Causal agent Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus
  • Serotype H5N2
  • Nature of diagnosis Laboratory (advanced)
  • This event pertains to the whole country
  • Related reports
    • Immediate notification (11/04/2011)
    • Follow-up report No. 1 (06/05/2011)
    • Follow-up report No. 2 (16/05/2011)
    • Follow-up report No. 3 (10/06/2011)
    • Follow-up report No. 4 (04/07/2011)
• New outbreaks
  • Outbreak 1 (AI_WCP2011_22) AI_WCP2011_22, Oudtshoorn, WESTERN CAPE PROVINCE
    • Date of start of the outbreak 09/06/2011
    • Outbreak status Resolved (29/06/2011)
    • Epidemiological unit Farm
    • Affected animals: Species ? Susceptible ? Cases ? Deaths ? Destroyed ? Slaughtered
      • Birds ? 378 ? 100 ? 8 ? 0 ? 370
      • Affected Population PCR positive for H5
  • Outbreak 2 (AI_WCP2011_26) AI_WCP2011_26, Oudtshoorn, WESTERN CAPE PROVINCE
    • Date of start of the outbreak 30/05/2011
    • Outbreak status Continuing (or date resolved not provided)
    • Epidemiological unit Farm
    • Affected animals: Species ? Susceptible ? Cases ? Deaths ? Destroyed ? Slaughtered
      • Birds ? 1455 ? 240 ? 0 ? 0 ? 0
      • Affected Population PCR positive
  • Outbreak 3 (AI_WCP2011_23) AI_WCP2011_23, Oudtshoorn, WESTERN CAPE PROVINCE
    • Date of start of the outbreak 18/03/2011
    • Outbreak status Resolved (29/06/2011)
    • Epidemiological unit Farm
    • Affected animals: Species ? Susceptible ? Cases ? Deaths ? Destroyed ? Slaughtered
      • Birds ? 3585 ? 1676 ? 0 ? 0 ? 3138
      • Affected Population HI positive for H5 and H6
  • Outbreak 4 (AI_WCP2011_24) AI_WCP2011_24, Hessequa, WESTERN CAPE PROVINCE
    • Date of start of the outbreak 07/06/2011
    • Outbreak status Continuing (or date resolved not provided)
    • Epidemiological unit Farm
    • Affected animals: Species ? Susceptible ? Cases ? Deaths ? Destroyed ? Slaughtered
      • Birds ? 1765 ? 900 ? 0 ? 0 ? 0
      • Affected Population PCR positive
  • Outbreak 5 (AI_WCP2011_25) AI_WCP2011_25, Oudtshoorn, WESTERN CAPE PROVINCE
    • Date of start of the outbreak 06/06/2011
    • Outbreak status Continuing (or date resolved not provided)
    • Epidemiological unit Farm
    • Affected animals: Species ? Susceptible ? Cases ? Deaths ? Destroyed ? Slaughtered
      • Birds ? 1822 ? 450 ? 0 ? 0 ? 0
      • Affected Population PCR positive for H5
• Summary of outbreaks
  • Total outbreaks: 5
  • Total animals affected: Species ? Susceptible ? Cases ? Deaths ? Destroyed ? Slaughtered
    • Birds ? 9005 ? 3366 ? 8 ? 0 ? 3508
    • Outbreak statistics: Species - Apparent morbidity rate - Apparent mortality rate - Apparent case fatality rate - Proportion susceptible animals lost*
      • Birds - 37.38% - 0.09% - 0.24% - 39.04%
      • * Removed from the susceptible population through death, destruction and/or slaughter
• Epidemiology
  • Source of the outbreak(s) or origin of infection
    • Unknown or inconclusive
• Epidemiological comments
  • Commercial ostrich farms.
  • Farms tested positive on serology during routine surveillance, but tested negative on PCR and no virus could be found.
  • Diagnosis only confirmed after several follow-up PCR tests.
  • South Africa only reports outbreaks on confirmation on PCR tests. Initially no clinical signs or mortalities were seen.
  • Stamping out in positive farms is taking place.
• Control measures
  • Measures applied
    • Stamping out
    • Quarantine
    • Screening
    • Vaccination prohibited
    • No treatment of affected animals
  • Measures to be applied
    • No other measures
• Future Reporting
  • The event is continuing. Weekly follow-up reports will be submitted.

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