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Int J Infect Dis
. 2022 Jan 28;S1201-9712(22)00036-4.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.01.034. Online ahead of print.
Contact tracing period and epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak by SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant in Guangzhou
Xiaowei Ma 1 , Keyi Wu 2 , Yongguang Li 1 , Shunming Li 1 , Lan Cao 1 , Huaping Xie 1 , Jiazhen Zheng 2 , Rui Zhou 2 , Zelin Yuan 2 , Zhiwei Huang 2 , Jun Yuan 3 , Xianbo Wu 4
Affiliations
- PMID: 35101637
- DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.01.034
Abstract
Objectives: An outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Delta variant occurred in Guangzhou in 2021. This study aimed to identify the transmission dynamics and epidemiological characteristics of the Delta variant outbreak to formulate an effective prevention strategy.
Methods: A total of 13102 close contacts and 69 index cases were collected. The incubation period, serial interval, and time interval from the exposure of close contacts to the symptom onset of cases were estimated. Transmission risks based on exposure time and various characteristics were also assessed.
Results: The mean time from exposure to symptom onset among non-household pre-symptomatic transmission was 3.83 ± 2.29 days, the incubation period was 5 days, and the serial interval was 3 days. The secondary attack rate was high within 4 days before onset and 4-10 days after symptom onset. Compared with other contact types, household contact had higher transmission risk. The transmission risk increased with the number and frequency of contact with index cases. Cycle threshold (Ct) values were associated with lower transmission risk (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.93 [95% CI 0.88-0.99] for ORF 1ab gene; adjusted OR 0.91 [95% CI 0.86-0.97] for N gene).
Conclusion: The contact tracing period may need to be extended to 4 days before symptom onset. The Ct value of index cases, the number and frequency of contact with index cases, and household contact were associated with higher transmission risk of SARS-CoV-2 Delta.
Keywords: COVID-19; Delta variant; contact tracing; epidemiological characteristics.