China - 14 confirmed cases of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza - Five fatalities March 31 - April 4

[Gert van der Hoek]

China - Three confirmed cases of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza - Two fatalities

machinetranslation

Published: 2013 Mar 31, 2011

National Health and Family Planning Commission, Bulletin, March 31, Shanghai and Anhui Province, found three cases of human infection with the H7N9 avian influenza.

Patients Shanghai Lee, 87 years old, 19 February onset actively rescue died March 4. Patients Shanghai Wu, male, 27 years old, 27 February onset actively rescue died March 10. Patients with Chuzhou City, Anhui Province Mr. Han, female, 35 years old, incidence March 9, is currently in critical condition, Nanjing, Jiangsu active treatment.

3 cases of clinical manifestations are the early symptoms of respiratory tract infection such as fever, cough, and then developed severe pneumonia and breathing difficulties. On the afternoon of March 29, the Chinese Center for Disease Control H7N9 avian influenza virus isolated from the specimens of the related cases March 30, the National Health and Family Planning Organization experts, according to the clinical manifestations, laboratory testing and epidemiological findings, the diagnosis of three cases of human infection of H7N9 avian influenza confirmed cases. Currently, no epidemiological association between the three cases.

After receiving the report, the National Health and Family Planning Commission attaches great importance to, and immediately sent a group of experts rushed to the local guidance and assistance to carry out the clinical treatment and epidemic emergency response work; studying and implementing various epidemic measures to deal with; organize experts to carry out a risk assessment, analyzing the epidemic situation. At present, Shanghai, Anhui, Jiangsu provincial health department is in accordance with our commission requirements, continue to implement the clinical treatment close contact tracing and medical observation, epidemic monitoring and emergency response measures. Up to now, 88 close contacts of the three cases were not unusual.

According to experts, the flu is an acute respiratory infection caused by the influenza virus. The influenza virus can be divided into A (A), (B), C III (C). Influenza can be divided according to the characteristics of the influenza virus HxNx 135 subtypes, the H7N9 subtype of avian influenza virus is one of them, the past is only found between poultry found no extraordinary circumstances of infection. According to the the China CDC report found no recent nationwide influenza activity level is abnormally elevated. Experts believe that, according to who is in close contact with medical observation, the virus has not prompted a strong human-to-human transmission.

Experts suggest that the event of fever, cough and other symptoms of acute respiratory infections, especially high fever, breathing difficulties, you should seek immediate medical attention. Maintaining wash their hands, cover nose and mouth when coughing or sneezing and other personal hygiene habits, can effectively prevent the transmission of influenza and other respiratory diseases. Should also avoid contact and edible disease (dead), poultry, livestock.

National Health and Family Planning Commission will continue to pay close attention to the progress of the epidemic, the epidemic situation and take timely and effective measures, the effective protection of public health.

The above cases the situation has informed the World Health Organization, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan regions and countries concerned in a timely manner.

CNTV

Anhui Province ---------------------------- Shanghai

[Gert van der Hoek]

Re: China - Three confirmed cases of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza - Two fatalities

Two Chinese die from H7N9 bird flu

English.news.cn 2013-03-31

BEIJING, March 31 (Xinhua) -- Three cases of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza have been detected recently in Shanghai and Anhui Province, and two of them have died, the other being in a critical condition, the National Health and Family Planning Commission said Sunday.

More sources in Chinese:

http://www.hkcd.com.hk/content/2013-03/31/content_3173428.htm

http://realtime.zaobao.com.sg/2013/03/jz130331_026.shtml

http://news.youth.cn/gn/201303/t20130331_3042956.htm

[alert]

Re: China - Three confirmed cases of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza - Two fatalities

It looks from the age, date, and location (87 year-old in Shanghai) that this may be the solution to the mysterious cluster of respiratory fatalities there:

China - 2 family members died of pneumonia, 1 hospitalized in stable condition - Government denies SARS, H5N1, NCoV and H1N1pdm09 - Shanghai March 7 (EST)

If so, there may be H2H transmission, because another family member of that 87 year-old died, and a third was hospitalized.

[Giuseppe]

Re: China - Three confirmed cases of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza - Two fatalities

[Source: Centre for Health Protection, Hong Kong PRC SAR, full text: (LINK).]

Notification of three human cases of H7N9 in Shanghai and Anhui


The Centre for Health Protection (CHP) of the Department of Health received notification from the National Health and Family Planning Commission (the Commission) today (March 31) concerning three confirmed human cases of influenza A (H7N9).

A CHP spokesman said the two cases in Shanghai were two men aged 87 and 27, who passed away on March 4 and 10 respectively.

As regards the case in Anhui, the 35-year-old female patient is now in critical condition.

Laboratory tests on the three patients' specimens by the Mainland health authorities yielded a positive result for H7N9.

According to the Commission, the 27-year-old man was a butcher while the 35-year-old woman had exposure history to poultry before the onset of symptoms.

No epidemiological link between the three cases was identified.

So far, no abnormality was detected among the 88 close contacts of three cases.

The spokesman said that influenza A (H7) is a statutorily notifiable infectious disease in Hong Kong.

The CHP is maintaining close liaison with the Mainland health authorities to obtain more information on the cases.

"We will heighten our vigilance and continue to maintain stringent port health measures in connection with this development," the spokesman said.

The spokesman reminded members of the public to remain vigilant against avian influenza infection and to observe the following measures:

• Avoid direct contact with poultry and birds or their droppings; if contacts have been made, they should wash hands thoroughly with soap and water;
• Poultry and eggs should be thoroughly cooked before eating;
• Wash hands frequently;
• Cover nose and mouth while sneezing or coughing, hold the spit with tissue and put it into covered dustbins;
• Avoid crowded places and contact with sick people with fever;
• Wear a mask when you have respiratory symptoms or need to take care of patients with fever; and
• When you have fever and influenza-like illnesses during a trip or when coming back to Hong Kong, you should consult doctors promptly and reveal your travel history.

For further information on avian influenza, please visit the CHP's website (www.chp.gov.hk).


Ends/Sunday, March 31, 2013
Issued at HKT 13:47
NNNN

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[alert]

Re: China - Three confirmed cases of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza - Two fatalities

Nice find, IOH. That answers several important questions, but many things remain unanswered. Most importantly, it means that at least 2 of the 3 cases had direct animal contact, making it less likely that these are the most severe cases of a large, mild, human epidemic.

The other piece of information we might get soon that will help us explain this mystery is the sequence of the H7N9 virus itself. Is it a purely avian virus, or has it reassorted to pick up any human or swine genes? I cannot also help but notice Shanghai is the location of the pile of dead pigs in a river:

China - A report of 15,000 dead pigs found floating in Shanghai river


It would be interesting to see if they have been tested for this virus as well.

It is also unusual for an influenza virus (other than H5N1) to have such a high apparent fatality rate. If there are not large numbers of milder cases, this virus seems to have a fatality rate closer to that of H5N1 than that of other human infections with swine or avian flu viruses.

[alert]

Re: China - Three confirmed cases of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza - Two fatalities

Translation error? Do they mean to say that the H7N9 was found on the 22nd of March?

Shanghai found the world's first two cases of human infection with the H7N9 avian flu death
Updated March 31, 2013, Greenwich Mean Time 06:54

http://www.bbc.co.uk/zhongwen/trad/china/2013/03/130331_china_new_bird_flu.shtml

[snip]

Announced after weeks of delay in these cases, the Ministry of Health announced the interpretation of the Shanghai municipal authorities in the detection process has excluded the seasonal influenza H1N1 and H3N2, commonly known as swine flu (H1N1) influenza, H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza, SARS and the possibility of the new type of coronavirus, was found in 22 patients may be infected with the H7 influenza.

The virus samples transferred to the China Disease Prevention and Control Center, the center isolated H7N9 virus, and the final diagnosis.

The Chinese Ministry of Health stressed that did not have a strong human-to-human transmission, H7N9 virus, according to who is in close contact with medical observation. The Ministry of Health called on the public to maintain personal hygiene habits, and to avoid contact and edible disease, dead livestock.

The Ministry of Health said that the authority has informed the World Health Organization the three cases.

---

Word-by-word translation:

at day 22 current patients could be infected by...

[Giuseppe]

Re: China - Three confirmed cases of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza - Two fatalities

China Mainland is also endemic for A/H9N2 avian influenza virus, widely dispersed in poultry with its reassortants.

H9N2 is a avian/human reassortant strain and experimental insertion of H1pdm09 Matrix sub-unit demonstrated an enhanced pathogenicity in mice and ferrets (see also Garcia-Sastre A. et al., http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22875253 ).

It is quite possible that a novel H7 reassortant would have arisen from the vast cauldron in pigs or chicken too.

[Giuseppe]

Re: China - Three confirmed cases of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza - Two fatalities

[Source: China Radio International, full page: (LINK).]

Two Die from H7N9 Bird Flu in Shanghai

2013-03-31 14:44:22 ? Xinhua - Web Editor: Jiang Aitao


Three cases of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza have been detected recently in Shanghai and Anhui Province, and two of them have died, the other being in a critical condition, the National Health and Family Planning Commission said Sunday.

The victims include an 87-year-old male in Shanghai who got sick on Feb. 19 and died on March 4, a 27-year-old male in Shanghai who became ill on Feb. 27 and died on March 10, and a 35-year-old female in Chuzhou City of Anhui who became ill on March 9 and is now in a critical condition.

They all showed initial symptoms of fever and coughs which developed into severe pneumonia and difficult breathing in later stages, according to the report.

On Saturday, the three cases were confirmed to be human infection with H7N9 avian influenza by an expert team summoned by the health and family planning commission, based on clinical observation, laboratory tests and epidemiological surveys.

On Friday, the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Preservation separated the H7N9 bird flu virus from body samples of the patients.

So far, the commission said, it is unclear how the three got infected, and no mutual infections were discovered among them. Besides, no abnormalities were detected among 88 of their close contacts.

The subtype of H7N9 bird flu virus has not been contracted to human beings before. The virus shows no signs of being highly contagious among humans, according to the clinical observation on the cases' close contacts.

However, as only three cases of human infection of H7N9 have been found, relatively little research has been done on it. The expert team is working to study the toxicity and human-infection capacity of the virus, according to the commission.

There are no vaccines against the H7N9 bird flu virus either at home or abroad.

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[sharon sanders]

Re: China - Three confirmed cases of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza - Two fatalities

Translation error? Do they mean to say that the H7N9 was found on the 22nd of March?

Shanghai found the world's first two cases of human infection with the H7N9 avian flu death
Updated March 31, 2013, Greenwich Mean Time 06:54

http://www.bbc.co.uk/zhongwen/trad/china/2013/03/130331_china_new_bird_flu.shtml

[snip]

Announced after weeks of delay in these cases, the Ministry of Health announced the interpretation of the Shanghai municipal authorities in the detection process has excluded the seasonal influenza H1N1 and H3N2, commonly known as swine flu (H1N1) influenza, H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza, SARS and the possibility of the new type of coronavirus, was found in 22 patients may be infected with the H7 influenza.

The virus samples transferred to the China Disease Prevention and Control Center, the center isolated H7N9 virus, and the final diagnosis.

The Chinese Ministry of Health stressed that did not have a strong human-to-human transmission, H7N9 virus, according to who is in close contact with medical observation. The Ministry of Health called on the public to maintain personal hygiene habits, and to avoid contact and edible disease, dead livestock.

The Ministry of Health said that the authority has informed the World Health Organization the three cases.

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Word-by-word translation:

at day 22 current patients could be infected by...

It might be possible that some cases in Shanghai were hospitalized as early as February 26?

China - 2 family members died of pneumonia, 1 hospitalized in stable condition - Government denies SARS, H5N1, NCoV and H1N1pdm09 - Shanghai
machine translation

Minhang currently unknown death "? Department of health departments to identify rumors
March 8, 2013 08:52
Source: LONDON author: white feather election is issued: intern Gu Yiqin
　　LONDON, March 8: i Times newspaper reported yesterday net transfer to Minhang now unexplained deaths, rumors verification department by the health department. 　　Microblogging yesterday said the sudden onset of Minhang District, "a family of four, just two days from discovery to respiratory failure, respiratory failure associated with circulatory failure death of two, in the end is so far not clear what kind of flu". 　　In response, the city health department verification microblogging preaching wrong. According to reports, the city and five hospitals from 14 to 24, has a family of three admitted due to fever, cough treatment, the hospital started in the early morning of the 26th plan reported Minhang District Center for Disease Control sampling and epidemiological investigation. After consultation, the three patients are pneumonia, inspection by the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, exclude SARS, bird flu, novel coronavirus and swine flu and other infectious diseases.

Experts believe that two people died (age 87,57 years old) suffering from a number of basic diseases, and lung of severe infections caused by. Another patient (69 years old) is still hospitalized in stable condition. Health care workers in close contact with the patient and family members had no disease.
　　

http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/showthread.php?t=201633

[Giuseppe]

Re: China - Three confirmed cases of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza - Two fatalities

Word-by-word translation (with additional web tools) confirms 22 as a day number... But further details are needed.

[Giuseppe]

Re: China - Three confirmed cases of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza - Two fatalities

It also useful to see the most recent WHO update on avian influenza virus infections in human with A/H7 viruses:

(Source: World Health Organization, Weekly Epidemiological Record, March 29 2013, full PDF document: http://www.who.int/wer/2013/wer8813.pdf , abridged version on FluTrackers.com: http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/sho...76&postcount=1 )

(...)

Human infection with A(H7N3) avian influenza viruses

During 2012, 2 cases of human infection with A(H7N3) viruses were reported in Mexico, associated with a highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H7N3) outbreak in poultry. These human cases were mild, with conjunctivitis as the main clinical sign.(11) Both cases were exposed while working on a farm where poultry was infected with the A(H7N3) virus. No further human cases have been reported. Candidate A(H7) vaccine viruses are available for the development of A(H7) vaccines.

(...)

Sporadic human cases of influenza A(H7) virus infection linked with outbreaks in poultry have been reported previously: H7N3 in Canada,(17) Italy,(18) and the United Kingdom;(19) H7N2 in the USA(20) and the UK;(21, 22) and H7N7 in the UK and the Netherlands.(23) Most H7 infections previously reported in humans have been mild with the exception of 1 fatal case in the Netherlands, in a veterinarian who had close contact with infected birds. All the A(H3N2)v, variants of A(H1N1) and A(H1N2) viruses associated with human infections in 2012 included the M gene derived from the A(H1N1)pdm09 virus in their genome, probably because of reassortment in swine between the A(H1N1)pdm09 virus and the viruses previously circulating in swine in the USA. Reassortant viruses containing the M gene from the A(H1N1)pdm09 virus have also been circulating increasingly in swine in the USA. The role of the M gene is uncertain; some experimental research has suggested that the M gene from the A(H1N1)pdm09 virus may confer on the virus an increased ability to transmit from animals to humans.(24)

(...)

References:

17) Tweed SA, Skowronski DM, David ST et al. Human illness from avian influenza H7N3, British Columbia. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2004;10(12):2196?2199.

18) Puzelli S. et al. Serological analysis of serum samples from humans exposed to avian H7 influenza viruses in Italy between 1999 and 2003. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2005, 192:1318?1322.

19) Nguyen-Van-Tam JS et al. Outbreak of low pathogenicity H7N3 avian influenza in UK, including associated case of human conjunctivitis. Eurosurveillance, 2006;11(18). Available at http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=2952 , accessed March 2013.

20) Ostrowsky B et al. Low pathogenic avian influenza A (H7N2) virus infection in an immunocompromised adult, New York, USA, 2003. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2012, 18:1128?1131.

21) Avian influenza A/(H7N2) outbreak in the United Kingdom. Eurosurveillance, 2007;12(22). Available at http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=3206 , accessed March 2013.

22) Kurtz J, Manvell RJ and Banks J. Avian influenza virus isolated from a woman with conjuntivitis. Lancet, 1996, 348:902?903.

23) Fouchier RAM al. Avian Influenza A virus (H7N7) associated with human conjunctivitis and a fatal case of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), 2004, 101(5):1356?1361.

24) Chou YY et al. The M segment of the 2009 new pandemic H1N1 influenza virus is critical for its high transmission efficiency in the guinea pig model. Journal of Virology, 2011, 85(21):11235?11241.


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[Giuseppe]

Re: China - Three confirmed cases of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza - Two fatalities

See also:

[Source: US National Library of Medicine, full text: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23487452 . Abstract, edited.]

J Virol. 2013 Mar 13. [Epub ahead of print]

Pathogenesis, transmissibility, and ocular tropism of a highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H7N3) virus associated with human conjunctivitis.


Belser JA, Davis CT, Balish A, Edwards LE, Zeng H, Maines TR, Gustin KM, Mart?nez IL, Fasce R, Cox NJ, Katz JM, Tumpey TM.

Source: Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333.



Abstract

H7 subtype influenza A viruses, responsible for numerous outbreaks in land-based poultry in Europe and the Americas, have caused over 100 cases of confirmed or presumed human infection over the last decade. The emergence of a highly pathogenic avian influenza H7N3 virus in poultry throughout the state of Jalisco, Mexico, resulting in two cases of human infection, prompted us to examine the virulence of this virus [A/Mexico/InDRE7218/2012 (MX/7218)] and related avian H7 subtype viruses in mouse and ferret models.

Several high and low pathogenicity H7N3 and H7N9 viruses replicated efficiently in the respiratory tract of mice without prior adaptation following intranasal inoculation, but only MX/7218 virus caused lethal disease in this species.

H7N3 and H7N9 viruses were also detected in the mouse eye following ocular inoculation. Virus from both H7N3 and H7N9 subtypes replicated efficiently in the upper and lower respiratory tract of ferrets, however, only MX/7218 virus infection caused clinical signs and symptoms and was capable of transmission to na?ve ferrets in a direct contact model.

Similar to other highly pathogenic H7 viruses, MX/7218 replicated to high titers in human bronchial epithelial cells, yet downregulated numerous genes related to NF-κB-mediated signaling transduction. These findings indicate that the recently isolated North American lineage H7 subtype virus associated with human conjunctivitis is capable of causing severe disease in mice and spreading to na?ve contact ferrets, while concurrently retaining the ability to replicate within ocular tissue allowing the eye to serve as a portal of entry.


PMID: 23487452 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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[Giuseppe]

Re: China - Three confirmed cases of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza - Two fatalities

Source: China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, in Chinese: http://www.chinacdc.cn/tzgg/201303/t20130331_79281.htm - WARNING: Automatic translation!


Human infection with the H7N9 avian influenza - Q&A

时间:2013-03-31字体: 大 中 小


1 ,什么是流感?

Influenza, or flu, acute respiratory infections caused by influenza viruses. Most common flu sudden onset, chills, chills, fever, body temperature can reach 39 to 40 ? C , with headache, generalized muscle and joint aches, extreme fatigue, loss of appetite and other systemic symptoms, often a sore throat, dry cough, and may have a stuffy nose , runny nose. Uncomplicated than the incidence of 3 to 4 days after symptoms improved, but the cough and physical recovery often takes 1 to 2 weeks. Mild, such as the common cold, mild symptoms, 2 to 3 days to resume.


2 ,什么是禽流感?

Avian influenza mainly refers to the avian epidemic infectious disease caused by influenza viruses. The avian influenza virus can be divided into highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, low pathogenic avian influenza virus and pathogenic avian influenza virus. The highly pathogenic avian influenza virus currently found only H5 and H7 subtypes. Avian influenza virus only chance the species barrier to infect humans, previous confirmed infected with avian influenza virus H5N1 , H9N2 , H7N2 , H7N3 , H7N7 , H5N2 , H10N7 symptoms of the same, can be expressed in the respiratory tract symptoms, conjunctivitis, and even death. people infected with the highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus, often quickly developed into pneumonia or acute respiratory distress syndrome and systemic organ failure, and even death.


3 ,什么是H7N9 禽流感病毒?

The influenza virus can be divided into A (A), (B), C III (C). Influenza basis influenza virus hemagglutinin protein ( HA ) can be divided into virus neuraminidase protein ( NA ) 1-9 subtypes of HA different subtypes can be NA as many as 144 different types of influenza viruses. Poultry especially waterfowl are the natural reservoir of all influenza virus, the H7N9 bird flu virus is one of a kind. H7N9 subtype of influenza A virus was found in poultry between poultry outbreaks have occurred in the Netherlands, Japan and the United States, but did not find the extraordinary infection.


4 ,目前我国人感染H7N9 禽流感疫情现况?

2013年3月30日，我国确诊了3例人感染H7N9禽流感病例，其中上海市2例（均死亡），安徽省1例。 病例发病时间为2月下旬与3月中旬。这是全球首次发现的人感染H7N9禽流感病例。


5 , H7N9 禽流感感染病例的主要临床表现?

three confirmed cases of a typical viral pneumonia, acute onset and early course of the disease are high fever ( 38 ? C ), cough and other symptoms of respiratory tract infection. onset of breathing difficulties, severe pneumonia and progressive increase in some cases can be the rapid development of acute respiratory distress syndrome, and death.
Understanding of the clinical features of the disease is still very limited, the infection Can cause mild cases or other clinical manifestations is not clear. With the accumulation of more cases of the disease will change.


6 ,全球人感染甲型H7 流感病毒情况?

1996 to 2009 period, the Netherlands, Italy, Canada, the United States and the United Kingdom have been reported infected with influenza H7 influenza virus subtype H7N2 , H7N3 and H7N7, the clinical manifestations of conjunctivitis and light on respiratory infections. Previously, China has never been found and H7 subtypes of influenza virus infections.


7 , H7N9 病毒与既往H1N1 , H5N1, 和其他季节性流感病例相比其毒力和传染性如何?

Found only three cases of human infection with the H7N9 avian flu virus confirmed cases of the virus and its diseases caused by the research data is very limited, it is not yet the virulence of the virus, and interpersonal communication ability to make accurate judgments.


8 , 本次人感染H7N9 禽流感的病例的感染来源?

The people infected with the H7N9 influenza virus from virus biology belong to the avian influenza virus, previously found on the international human infection H7 subtypes of influenza virus are mostly from birds, but so far, three confirmed cases of specific infections Source unclear.


9, The H7N9 avian flu virus can spread from person to person?

It is not yet confirmed that the virus has the ability of human-to-human transmission.


10 close contacts of cases infected with the disease?

According to the relevant provisions of unexplained pneumonia Management, Shanghai, Anhui and Jiangsu, the health sector, all close contacts of cases have implemented a careful medical observation. in Shanghai , their family members with severe pneumonia, the cause is still under investigation and detection. the family association, pending further investigation. In addition, Shanghai, Anhui all close contacts of confirmed cases found no similar cases.


11 ,如何预防H7N9 流感?

Influenza is an acute respiratory tract infection. Wash their hands, indoor Qin ventilation, attention to nutrition, to maintain a good physique is conducive to the prevention of influenza and other respiratory diseases. Respiratory tract infection symptoms such as sneezing, coughing, use a tissue, handkerchief Cover your mouth and nose to prevent infection of others. In addition, special attention to avoid direct contact with sick or dead poultry and livestock.

There is no against the H7N9 avian influenza virus.


12 , the current method of treatment?

The gene sequence analysis showed that the drug-sensitive virus neuraminidase inhibitor class of anti-influenza virus.

Experience other type influenza antiviral treatment after the onset of the early use of the neuraminidase inhibitor class of anti-influenza virus drugs may be effective , but the of newly discovered human H7N9 avian influenza virus infection research.


13 , and the public on how to protect yourself?

Maintaining wash their hands, cover nose and mouth when coughing or sneezing and other personal hygiene habits, can effectively prevent the transmission of influenza and other respiratory diseases. Should also avoid contact with sick or dead poultry and livestock.


14 ,公众感染H7N9 禽流感病毒的风险大吗?

Currently, only found in some areas a few cases, close contacts of cases continued medical observation not found cases. According to currently limited evidence speculate, low public risk of contracting the virus.


15 , medical personnel infected with the H7N9 avian influenza virus, the risk of his life?

No H7N9 conclusive evidence of human-to-human transmission, medical staff admissions of confirmed cases were not found to be infected cases, but suffering from infectious disease patients more opportunities than the general public due to the medical staff contact, it is recommended that the medical personnel in the diagnosis and treatment of patient process to take the necessary protective measures. Admissions with suspected or confirmed H7N9 avian influenza prevention should take standard precautions plus droplet transmission prevention and contact.


16 China's relevant departments have taken action?

The cases of the disease, local health departments attach great importance to take timely patient treatment, epidemiological investigation, specimen collection and submission, medical observation of close contacts, and to strengthen the monitoring of unexplained pneumonia cases.

National Health and Family Planning Commission attaches great importance to this epidemic, received severe unexplained pneumonia outbreaks have been reported, immediately sent a working group of experts to Shanghai, Anhui and Jiangsu, there to supervise the patient's treatment and investigation, to convene a multisectoral Chamber of Commerce will the epidemic nature of the analysis and judgment, and arrangements for the investigation, prevention and control and preparedness work.

National CDC received case reports and submission of specimens in a timely manner to carry out the epidemic risk judgments and laboratory testing research, make etiological diagnosis of cases in a short period of time, for the first time in the world to discover and confirm a new type of H7N9 cases of human infection with avian influenza viruses causes, in-depth analysis of the characteristics of the new virus.

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[Giuseppe]

Re: China - Three confirmed cases of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza - Two fatalities

Source: China Ministry of Health, full page in Chinese: http://www.moh.gov.cn/mohwsyjbgs/s35...6258fb3d.shtml - WARNING: Automatic translation!

(March 31 2013)


Shanghai, Anhui, three cases of confirmed cases of human infection with the H7N9 avian influenza

Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China www.moh.gov.cn


National Health and Family Planning Commission, [March] 31, informed, Shanghai and Anhui Province, found three cases of human infection of H7N9 avian influenza.

Shanghai patients Lee, male, 87 years old, onset on 2/19[/13] actively rescue died on [March] 4 .

Patients Shanghai Wu, male, 27 years old, onset on 2/19[/13] actively rescue died on [March] 10 .

Mr. Han, Chuzhou patients 35 years of age, the onset of [March] 15 , is currently in critical condition, Nanjing, Jiangsu active treatment.

3 cases clinical manifestations are early symptoms of respiratory tract infection such as fever, cough, and then developed severe pneumonia and breathing difficulties.

On the afternoon of [March] 29, 2011, the Chinese Center for Disease Control H7N9 avian influenza virus isolated from the specimens of the related cases 3/30[/13], the National Health and Family Planning Organization experts, according to the clinical manifestations, laboratory testing and epidemiological findings, the diagnosis of patients confirmed cases of the H7N9 avian flu human infection .

Currently, no epidemiological association between the three cases.

After receiving the report, the National Health and Family Planning Commission attaches great importance to, and immediately sent a group of experts rushed to the local guidance and assistance to:

-- carry out the clinical treatment and epidemic emergency response work;

-- studying and implementing various epidemic measures to deal with;

-- organize experts to carry out a risk assessment, analyzing the epidemic situation.

At present, Shanghai, Anhui, Jiangsu provincial health department is in accordance with our commission requirements, continue to implement the clinical treatment close contact tracing and medical observation, epidemic monitoring and emergency response measures.

Up to now, 88 close contacts of the three cases were not unusual.

According to experts, the flu is an acute respiratory infection caused by the influenza virus. The influenza virus can be divided into A ( A ), the acetic ( B ), C ( C ) III. Influenza can be divided according to the characteristics of the influenza virus H x N x 135 subtypes, the H7N9 subtype of avian influenza virus is one of them, the past is only found between poultry found no extraordinary circumstances of infection.

According to the the China CDC report found no recent nationwide influenza activity level is abnormally elevated.

Experts believe that, according to who is in close contact with medical observation, the virus has not prompted a strong human-to-human transmission.

Experts suggest that the event of fever, cough and other symptoms of acute respiratory infections, especially high fever, breathing difficulties, you should seek immediate medical attention.

Maintaining wash their hands, cover nose and mouth when coughing or sneezing and other personal hygiene habits, can effectively prevent the transmission of influenza and other respiratory diseases. Should also avoid contact and edible disease (dead), poultry, livestock.

National Health and Family Planning Commission will continue to pay close attention to the progress of the epidemic, the epidemic situation and take timely and effective measures, the effective protection of public health.

The above cases the situation has informed the World Health Organization, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan regions and countries concerned in a timely manner.


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[alert]

Re: China - Three confirmed cases of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza - Two fatalities

Looks like the two family members in Shanghai are still "under investigation".

Source: China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, in Chinese: http://www.chinacdc.cn/tzgg/201303/t20130331_79281.htm - WARNING: Automatic translation!



10 close contacts of cases infected with the disease?

According to the relevant provisions of unexplained pneumonia Management, Shanghai, Anhui and Jiangsu, the health sector, all close contacts of cases have implemented a careful medical observation. in Shanghai , their family members with severe pneumonia, the cause is still under investigation and detection. the family association, pending further investigation. In addition, Shanghai, Anhui all close contacts of confirmed cases found no similar cases.
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