• FluTrackers.com Inc. does not provide medical advice. Information on this web site is collected from various internet resources, and the FluTrackers board of directors makes no warranty to the safety, efficacy, correctness or completeness of the information posted on this site by any author or poster. The information collated here is for instructional and/or discussion purposes only and is NOT intended to diagnose or treat any disease, illness, or other medical condition. Every individual reader or poster should seek advice from their personal physician/healthcare practitioner before considering or using any interventions that are discussed on this website. By continuing to access this website you agree to consult your personal physican before using any interventions posted on this website, and you agree to hold harmless FluTrackers.com Inc., the board of directors, the members, and all authors and posters for any effects from use of any medication, supplement, vitamin or other substance, device, intervention, etc. mentioned in posts on this website, or other internet venues referenced in posts on this website.
  • We are not asking for any donations. Do not donate to any entity who says they are raising funds for us.

Zika virus genome from the Americas (The Lancet) - most closely related to the strain that was circulating in French Polynesia in 2013

Pathfinder

Pathfinder

Editor, Senior Moderator
Correspondence
Zika virus genome from the Americas

Antoine Enfissi
, John Codrington
, Jimmy Roosblad
, Mirdad Kazanji
, Dominique Rousset

Published Online: 07 January 2016

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)00003-9

Publication HistoryPublished Online:07 January 2016

? 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
On Oct 1, 2015, a 52-year-old man was hospitalised with exanthema and conjunctivitis at the Academic Hospital in Paramaribo, Suriname. During the next few days, four patients were admitted with mild symptoms including exanthema. Sera from these patients were negative for dengue and chikungunya viruses but positive for Zika virus (ZIKV) by specific real-time reverse transcription PCR.1

ZIKV is an emerging arthropod-borne virus of the family Flaviviridae. It is transmitted by aedes mosquitoes, as are dengue and chikungunya viruses. First isolated in April, 1947, in Uganda, it was until recently considered to cause sporadic benign human infections in Africa and Asia.

After the first documented outbreak on Yap Island, Micronesia, in 2007, however, ZIKV caused a large epidemic in French Polynesia in 2013–14, before spreading throughout the Pacific.2 This large epidemic occurred concomitantly with circulation of dengue viruses and unusual increases in severe neurological complications, such as Guillain-Barr? syndrome3 and congenital neurological malformations. Also during 2013–14, chikungunya emerged and spread in the Americas. Soon after, the first evidence was found of the emergence of ZIKV in the Americas, in northeast Brazil in May, 2015.4 Autochthonous circulation of ZIKV in other countries started on Oct 16, 2015, in Colombia, followed by Suriname on Nov 12, 2015.

The first five autochthonous cases detected in Suriname were confirmed by the French National Reference Centre for arboviruses, located at the Pasteur Institute in French Guiana. Viral sequencing was done directly from the sera of four of these viraemic patients. Complete coding of the ZIKV sequence was obtained for one patient and envelope protein coding sequences for the three others.

Few complete genomes are available for ZIKV and, until this analysis, none for ZIKV circulating in the Americas. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted for the NS5 protein coding region, the envelope protein coding region, and the complete coding region, against the sequences available in databases: all the phylogenetic trees showed the same topology. The Suriname strains belong to the Asian genotype and seem to be most closely related to the strain that was circulating in French Polynesia in 2013, with which they share more than 99?7% and 99?9% of nucleotide and aminoacid identity, respectively (figure).
​

Figure

Phylogenetic relations between the envelope gene sequences of Suriname ZIKV and other ZIKV
Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree was inferred for sequences from envelope genes of Zika viruses with the GTR+G+I model with four Suriname ZIKV strains (GenBank accession numbers: KU312312 to KU312315, complete genome sequence was obtained for KU312312) and 14 reference ZIKV sequences from GenBank (eight references from the African lineage [accession numbers: KF268948, KF268950, KF268949, LC002520, AY632535, DQ859059, HQ234500, HQ234501] and six references from the Asian lineage [accession numbers: KJ776791, KJ634273, KF993678, JN860885, EU545988, HQ234499]). The contig sequences, obtained from de-novo assembly of Suriname strain sequences and multiple sequence alignments were done with CLC Main Workbench 6.9 Beta 4 software (CLC bio, Aarhus, Denmark). Bootstrap values are indicated at nodes. Scale is shown at the bottom as substitutions per site. ZIKV=Zika virus.


View Large Image | View Hi-Res Image | Download PowerPoint Slide


The situation is evolving rapidly, with more countries in South and Central America reporting cases.5This rapid spread of ZIKV strains closely related to the French Polynesian strains, raises increasing concern for public health. Furthermore, the increased frequency of Guillain-Barr? syndrome and congenital neurological anomalies notified by the Brazil Ministry of Health6 should provide impetus for collaborative research programmes to evaluate the relations between ZIKV and these autoimmune and neurological conditions.

We declare no competing interests.


References
 
Translation Google

PUBLICATION

January 8, 2016

The first full genetic sequence of the Zika virus circulating in America

Last November, urged by his colleagues in Surinam, the team virology laboratory at the Pasteur Institute of Guyana, national reference center for arboviruses Antilles-Guyana region, confirmed the first five indigenous cases of infection by Zika in Suriname.

This is from one of the five samples that researchers from the Pasteur Institute of Guyana come from the full genome sequence of this virus strain.
Published today in The Lancet, the analysis of the genome shows that it is an Asian lineage that has 99% homology with the strain responsible for the outbreak in French Polynesia in 2013 .

"So far little full sequences of this virus and no strain currently circulating in South America and Central America were available. Obtaining the complete sequence of the virus is an important starting point for understanding the evolution of his behavior, "says Dominique Rousset, Head of Virology Laboratory and the National Reference Centre for Arbovirus at the Pasteur Institute of Guyana .

It was in May 2015 that the first cases were confirmed in Brazil. The country now suffers the largest epidemic ever described, with 440,000 to 1.3 million suspected cases reported by the Brazilian health authorities. Zika virus since spread rapidly, affecting so far 10 countries in the tropical zone of the Americas and the Caribbean. Currently 17 cases were confirmed in 3 cases Guyana and Martinique.

Given the very rapid expansion of Zika virus, the Pasteur Institute of Guyana remains strongly mobilized in epidemiological surveillance, in partnership with the health authorities and the international network of Pasteur Institutes, as well as support for vector control.

Described for the first time in Uganda in 1947, Zika is an arbovirus of the same family as the dengue virus and is transmitted by the same vector, the Aedes aegypti mosquito. While infection was considered as benign until recently, the outbreak of Zika virus that occurred in 2013-2014 in French Polynesia and the Pacific has been accompanied by an increase in severe neurological complications, such as Guillain-Barre syndrome and congenital neurological defects. In Brazil, the very significant increase in the number of microcephaly in fetuses whose mothers were infected during pregnancy has forced the government to declare a health emergency in December. "Are these anomalies due solely to Zika virus, at the joint circulation of other infectious agents or other factors? Multidisciplinary research projects should be set up to try to answer these questions. Already, we strive to better know this virus and understand its evolution, including by strengthening diagnostic tools, "explains Dominique Rousset.

http://www.pasteur-cayenne.fr/la-pr...complete-du-virus-zika-circulant-en-amerique/
 
You must log in or register to reply here.
Back
Top