tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
World J Gastroenterol
. 2023 Apr 21;29(15):2283-2293.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i15.2283. Mechanisms of gastrointestinal barrier dysfunction in COVID-19 patients
Weijie Xue[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Masaki Honda[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Taizo Hibi[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a major global public health event, resulting in a significant social and economic burden. Although COVID-19 was initially characterized as an upper respiratory and pulmonary infection, recent evidence suggests that it is a complex disease including gastrointestinal symptoms, such as diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. Moreover, it remains unclear whether the gastrointestinal symptoms are caused by direct infection of the gastrointestinal tract by SARS-CoV-2 or are the result of systemic immune activation and subsequent dysregulation of homeostatic mechanisms. This review provides a brief overview of the mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 disrupts the integrity of the gastrointestinal barrier including the mechanical barrier, chemical barrier, microbial barrier, and immune barrier.
Keywords: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; COVID-19; Gastrointestinal barrier dysfunction; Immune cells; Microbiome; SARS-CoV-2.
. 2023 Apr 21;29(15):2283-2293.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i15.2283. Mechanisms of gastrointestinal barrier dysfunction in COVID-19 patients
Weijie Xue[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Masaki Honda[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Taizo Hibi[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 37124884
- PMCID: PMC10134419
- DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i15.2283
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a major global public health event, resulting in a significant social and economic burden. Although COVID-19 was initially characterized as an upper respiratory and pulmonary infection, recent evidence suggests that it is a complex disease including gastrointestinal symptoms, such as diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. Moreover, it remains unclear whether the gastrointestinal symptoms are caused by direct infection of the gastrointestinal tract by SARS-CoV-2 or are the result of systemic immune activation and subsequent dysregulation of homeostatic mechanisms. This review provides a brief overview of the mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 disrupts the integrity of the gastrointestinal barrier including the mechanical barrier, chemical barrier, microbial barrier, and immune barrier.
Keywords: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; COVID-19; Gastrointestinal barrier dysfunction; Immune cells; Microbiome; SARS-CoV-2.