tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Viruses
. 2020 Dec 8;12(12):E1407.
doi: 10.3390/v12121407.
Evaluation of Baloxavir Marboxil and Peramivir for the Treatment of High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza in Chickens
Augustin Twabela[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Masatoshi Okamatsu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Keita Matsuno[SUP] 3 4 [/SUP], Norikazu Isoda[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Yoshihiro Sakoda[SUP] 1 3 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Control measures in the case of high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) outbreaks in poultry include culling, surveillance, and biosecurity; wild birds in captivity may also be culled, although some rare bird species should be rescued for conservation. In this study, two anti-influenza drugs, baloxavir marboxil (BXM) and peramivir (PR), used in humans, were examined in treating HPAI in birds, using chickens as a model. Chickens were infected with H5N6 HPAI virus and were treated immediately or 24 h from challenge with 20 mg/kg BXM or PR twice a day for five days. As per our findings, BXM significantly reduced virus replication in organs and provided full protection to chickens compared with that induced by PR. In the 24-h-delayed treatment, neither drug completely inhibited virus replication nor ensured the survival of infected chickens. A single administration of 2.5 mg/kg of BXM was determined as the minimum dose required to fully protect chickens from HPAI virus; the concentration of baloxavir acid, the active form of BXM, in chicken blood at this dose was sufficient for a 48 h antiviral effect post-administration. Thus, these data can be a starting point for the use of BXM and PR in treating captive wild birds infected with HPAI virus.
Keywords: baloxavir marboxil; chicken model; high pathogenicity avian influenza; peramivir; treatment.
. 2020 Dec 8;12(12):E1407.
doi: 10.3390/v12121407.
Evaluation of Baloxavir Marboxil and Peramivir for the Treatment of High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza in Chickens
Augustin Twabela[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Masatoshi Okamatsu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Keita Matsuno[SUP] 3 4 [/SUP], Norikazu Isoda[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Yoshihiro Sakoda[SUP] 1 3 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 33302389
- DOI: 10.3390/v12121407
Abstract
Control measures in the case of high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) outbreaks in poultry include culling, surveillance, and biosecurity; wild birds in captivity may also be culled, although some rare bird species should be rescued for conservation. In this study, two anti-influenza drugs, baloxavir marboxil (BXM) and peramivir (PR), used in humans, were examined in treating HPAI in birds, using chickens as a model. Chickens were infected with H5N6 HPAI virus and were treated immediately or 24 h from challenge with 20 mg/kg BXM or PR twice a day for five days. As per our findings, BXM significantly reduced virus replication in organs and provided full protection to chickens compared with that induced by PR. In the 24-h-delayed treatment, neither drug completely inhibited virus replication nor ensured the survival of infected chickens. A single administration of 2.5 mg/kg of BXM was determined as the minimum dose required to fully protect chickens from HPAI virus; the concentration of baloxavir acid, the active form of BXM, in chicken blood at this dose was sufficient for a 48 h antiviral effect post-administration. Thus, these data can be a starting point for the use of BXM and PR in treating captive wild birds infected with HPAI virus.
Keywords: baloxavir marboxil; chicken model; high pathogenicity avian influenza; peramivir; treatment.