tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Virol J
. 2022 May 26;19(1):92.
doi: 10.1186/s12985-022-01814-1.
COVID-19 infection: an overview on cytokine storm and related interventions
Soheila Montazersaheb[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Seyed Mahdi Hosseiniyan Khatibi[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Mohammad Saeid Hejazi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Vahideh Tarhriz[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Afsaneh Farjami[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Faramarz Ghasemian Sorbeni[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Raheleh Farahzadi[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 5 [/SUP], Tohid Ghasemnejad[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 6 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has posed a significant threat to global health. This virus affects the respiratory tract and usually leads to pneumonia in most patients and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in 15% of cases. ARDS is one of the leading causes of death in patients with COVID-19 and is mainly triggered by elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, referred to as cytokine storm. Interleukins, such as interleukin-6 (1L-6), interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-17 (IL-17), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) play a very significant role in lung damage in ARDS patients through the impairments of the respiratory epithelium. Cytokine storm is defined as acute overproduction and uncontrolled release of pro-inflammatory markers, both locally and systemically. The eradication of COVID-19 is currently practically impossible, and there is no specific treatment for critically ill patients with COVID-19; however, suppressing the inflammatory response may be a possible strategy. In light of this, we review the efficacy of specific inhibitors of IL6, IL1, IL-17, and TNF-α for treating COVID-19-related infections to manage COVID-19 and improve the survival rate for patients suffering from severe conditions.
Keywords: ARDS; COVID-19; CRS; IL-17; IL1; IL6; TNF-α.
. 2022 May 26;19(1):92.
doi: 10.1186/s12985-022-01814-1.
COVID-19 infection: an overview on cytokine storm and related interventions
Soheila Montazersaheb[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Seyed Mahdi Hosseiniyan Khatibi[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Mohammad Saeid Hejazi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Vahideh Tarhriz[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Afsaneh Farjami[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Faramarz Ghasemian Sorbeni[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Raheleh Farahzadi[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 5 [/SUP], Tohid Ghasemnejad[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 6 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 35619180
- DOI: 10.1186/s12985-022-01814-1
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has posed a significant threat to global health. This virus affects the respiratory tract and usually leads to pneumonia in most patients and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in 15% of cases. ARDS is one of the leading causes of death in patients with COVID-19 and is mainly triggered by elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, referred to as cytokine storm. Interleukins, such as interleukin-6 (1L-6), interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-17 (IL-17), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) play a very significant role in lung damage in ARDS patients through the impairments of the respiratory epithelium. Cytokine storm is defined as acute overproduction and uncontrolled release of pro-inflammatory markers, both locally and systemically. The eradication of COVID-19 is currently practically impossible, and there is no specific treatment for critically ill patients with COVID-19; however, suppressing the inflammatory response may be a possible strategy. In light of this, we review the efficacy of specific inhibitors of IL6, IL1, IL-17, and TNF-α for treating COVID-19-related infections to manage COVID-19 and improve the survival rate for patients suffering from severe conditions.
Keywords: ARDS; COVID-19; CRS; IL-17; IL1; IL6; TNF-α.