tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Vet Sci
. 2024 Feb 7;11(2):78.
doi: 10.3390/vetsci11020078. Perspectives on SARS-CoV-2 Cases in Zoological Institutions
Remco A Nederlof[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Melissa A de la Garza[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Jaco Bakker[SUP] 3 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections in a zoological institution were initially reported in March 2020. Since then, at least 94 peer-reviewed cases have been reported in zoos worldwide. Among the affected animals, nonhuman primates, carnivores, and artiodactyls appear to be most susceptible to infection, with the Felidae family accounting for the largest number of reported cases. Clinical symptoms tend to be mild across taxa; although, certain species exhibit increased susceptibility to disease. A variety of diagnostic tools are available, allowing for initial diagnostics and for the monitoring of infectious risk. Whilst supportive therapy proves sufficient in most cases, monoclonal antibody therapy has emerged as a promising additional treatment option. Effective transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in some species raises concerns over potential spillover and the formation of reservoirs. The occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 in a variety of animal species may contribute to the emergence of variants of concern due to altered viral evolutionary constraints. Consequently, this review emphasizes the need for effective biosecurity measures and surveillance strategies to prevent and control SARS-CoV-2 infections in zoological institutions.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; artiodactyls; diagnostics; felids; long COVID; nonhuman primates; one health; vaccination; zoo.
. 2024 Feb 7;11(2):78.
doi: 10.3390/vetsci11020078. Perspectives on SARS-CoV-2 Cases in Zoological Institutions
Remco A Nederlof[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Melissa A de la Garza[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Jaco Bakker[SUP] 3 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 38393096
- PMCID: PMC10893009
- DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11020078
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections in a zoological institution were initially reported in March 2020. Since then, at least 94 peer-reviewed cases have been reported in zoos worldwide. Among the affected animals, nonhuman primates, carnivores, and artiodactyls appear to be most susceptible to infection, with the Felidae family accounting for the largest number of reported cases. Clinical symptoms tend to be mild across taxa; although, certain species exhibit increased susceptibility to disease. A variety of diagnostic tools are available, allowing for initial diagnostics and for the monitoring of infectious risk. Whilst supportive therapy proves sufficient in most cases, monoclonal antibody therapy has emerged as a promising additional treatment option. Effective transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in some species raises concerns over potential spillover and the formation of reservoirs. The occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 in a variety of animal species may contribute to the emergence of variants of concern due to altered viral evolutionary constraints. Consequently, this review emphasizes the need for effective biosecurity measures and surveillance strategies to prevent and control SARS-CoV-2 infections in zoological institutions.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; artiodactyls; diagnostics; felids; long COVID; nonhuman primates; one health; vaccination; zoo.