tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Vet Res
. 2025 Sep 25;56(1):178.
doi: 10.1186/s13567-025-01624-7. Intranasal NS1-truncated live attenuated canine influenza vaccine confers superior protection compared to inactivated vaccine in beagles
Jaehyun Hwang[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Sun-Woo Yoon[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 3 [/SUP], Eulhae Ga[SUP] 1 2 4 [/SUP], Jaeseok Choi[SUP] 2 5 [/SUP], Suyun Moon[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Eunseo Bae[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Hyeongcheol Yun[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Dohyeok Yu[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Hye Kwon Kim[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Jung-Ah Kang[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Minjoo Yeom[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Jong-Woo Lim[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Dae Gwin Jeong[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Xing Xie[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Daesub Song[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Woonsung Na[SUP] 11 12 13 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Canine influenza virus (CIV) H3N2 continues to circulate among companion animals, posing a zoonotic risk due to its potential for cross-species transmission. However, currently available inactivated vaccines offer limited mucosal immunity and suboptimal protection. Here, we developed a novel intranasal live attenuated CIV H3N2 vaccine carrying a truncated nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) gene and evaluated its safety, immunogenicity, and protective efficacy in beagle dogs. The NS1-truncated LAIV was well-tolerated and induced robust mucosal and systemic immune responses, including high titers of virus-specific secretory IgA. Following challenge with virulent CIV H3N2 at 120 days post-vaccination, LAIV-immunized dogs exhibited complete clinical protection and minimal viral shedding, whereas dogs receiving the inactivated vaccine showed moderate disease signs. These findings demonstrate that the NS1-truncated LAIV confers superior protection compared to conventional vaccines and represents a promising next-generation platform for canine influenza control within a One Health framework.
Keywords: Canine influenza virus (H3N2); NS1-truncated vaccine; beagle dog model; intranasal vaccine; live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV); mucosal immunity; sterile immunity.
. 2025 Sep 25;56(1):178.
doi: 10.1186/s13567-025-01624-7. Intranasal NS1-truncated live attenuated canine influenza vaccine confers superior protection compared to inactivated vaccine in beagles
Jaehyun Hwang[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Sun-Woo Yoon[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 3 [/SUP], Eulhae Ga[SUP] 1 2 4 [/SUP], Jaeseok Choi[SUP] 2 5 [/SUP], Suyun Moon[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Eunseo Bae[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Hyeongcheol Yun[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Dohyeok Yu[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Hye Kwon Kim[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Jung-Ah Kang[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Minjoo Yeom[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Jong-Woo Lim[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Dae Gwin Jeong[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Xing Xie[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Daesub Song[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Woonsung Na[SUP] 11 12 13 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 40999547
- DOI: 10.1186/s13567-025-01624-7
Canine influenza virus (CIV) H3N2 continues to circulate among companion animals, posing a zoonotic risk due to its potential for cross-species transmission. However, currently available inactivated vaccines offer limited mucosal immunity and suboptimal protection. Here, we developed a novel intranasal live attenuated CIV H3N2 vaccine carrying a truncated nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) gene and evaluated its safety, immunogenicity, and protective efficacy in beagle dogs. The NS1-truncated LAIV was well-tolerated and induced robust mucosal and systemic immune responses, including high titers of virus-specific secretory IgA. Following challenge with virulent CIV H3N2 at 120 days post-vaccination, LAIV-immunized dogs exhibited complete clinical protection and minimal viral shedding, whereas dogs receiving the inactivated vaccine showed moderate disease signs. These findings demonstrate that the NS1-truncated LAIV confers superior protection compared to conventional vaccines and represents a promising next-generation platform for canine influenza control within a One Health framework.
Keywords: Canine influenza virus (H3N2); NS1-truncated vaccine; beagle dog model; intranasal vaccine; live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV); mucosal immunity; sterile immunity.