tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Vaccines (Basel)
. 2022 May 14;10(5):779.
doi: 10.3390/vaccines10050779.
Real-World Effectiveness of the mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines in Japan: A Case-Control Study
Megumi Hara[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Takeki Furue[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Mami Fukuoka[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Kentaro Iwanaga[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Eijo Matsuishi[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Toru Miike[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Yuichiro Sakamoto[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Naoko Mukai[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Yuki Kinugasa[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Mutsumi Shigyo[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Noriko Sonoda[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Masato Tanaka[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Yasuko Arase[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Yosuke Tanaka[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Hitoshi Nakashima[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Shin Irie[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Yoshio Hirota[SUP] 11 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
The real-world effectiveness of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines in Japan remains unclear. This case-control study evaluated the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of two doses of mRNA vaccine, BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273, against the delta (B.1.617.2) variant in the Japanese general population in the period June-September 2021. Individuals in close contact with COVID-19 patients were tested using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A self-administered questionnaire evaluated vaccination status, demographic data, underlying medical conditions, lifestyle, personal protective health behaviors, and living environment. Two vaccine doses were reported by 11.6% of cases (n = 389) and 35.2% of controls (n = 179). Compared with controls, cases were younger and had a lower proportion who always performed handwashing for ≥20 s, a higher proportion of alcohol consumers, and a lower proportion of individuals living in single-family homes or with commuting family members. After adjusting for these confounding factors and day of PCR testing by multivariate logistic regression analysis, the VE in the period June-July (delta variant proportion 45%) was 92% and 79% in the period August-September (delta variant proportion 89%). The adjusted VE for homestay, hotel-based isolation and quarantine, and hospitalization was 78%, 77%, and 97%, respectively. Despite declining slightly, VE against hospitalization remained robust for ~3 months after the second dose. Vaccination policymaking will require longer-term monitoring of VE against new variants.
Keywords: COVID-19 vaccine; mRNA vaccine; preventive health behavior; vaccine effectiveness.
. 2022 May 14;10(5):779.
doi: 10.3390/vaccines10050779.
Real-World Effectiveness of the mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines in Japan: A Case-Control Study
Megumi Hara[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Takeki Furue[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Mami Fukuoka[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Kentaro Iwanaga[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Eijo Matsuishi[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Toru Miike[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Yuichiro Sakamoto[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Naoko Mukai[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Yuki Kinugasa[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Mutsumi Shigyo[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Noriko Sonoda[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Masato Tanaka[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Yasuko Arase[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Yosuke Tanaka[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Hitoshi Nakashima[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Shin Irie[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Yoshio Hirota[SUP] 11 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 35632535
- DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10050779
Abstract
The real-world effectiveness of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines in Japan remains unclear. This case-control study evaluated the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of two doses of mRNA vaccine, BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273, against the delta (B.1.617.2) variant in the Japanese general population in the period June-September 2021. Individuals in close contact with COVID-19 patients were tested using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A self-administered questionnaire evaluated vaccination status, demographic data, underlying medical conditions, lifestyle, personal protective health behaviors, and living environment. Two vaccine doses were reported by 11.6% of cases (n = 389) and 35.2% of controls (n = 179). Compared with controls, cases were younger and had a lower proportion who always performed handwashing for ≥20 s, a higher proportion of alcohol consumers, and a lower proportion of individuals living in single-family homes or with commuting family members. After adjusting for these confounding factors and day of PCR testing by multivariate logistic regression analysis, the VE in the period June-July (delta variant proportion 45%) was 92% and 79% in the period August-September (delta variant proportion 89%). The adjusted VE for homestay, hotel-based isolation and quarantine, and hospitalization was 78%, 77%, and 97%, respectively. Despite declining slightly, VE against hospitalization remained robust for ~3 months after the second dose. Vaccination policymaking will require longer-term monitoring of VE against new variants.
Keywords: COVID-19 vaccine; mRNA vaccine; preventive health behavior; vaccine effectiveness.